Conversion of lime mud waste to hydroxyapatite biomaterials

AbstractAn integration of geochemical and grain association studies were carried out on Middle Permian deposits in central Iran where both cool and warm water carbonates are found. The recrystallization of most bioclasts, lime-mud matrix and ooids along with high Sr contents suggests a probable original aragonite mineralogy for carbonates of the Middle Permian Jamal Formation at the Shotori section. Low bulk carbonate δ18O values imply pervasive diagenetic alteration in this section. Conversely, Middle Permian deposits at the correlative Bagh-e Vang section have a probable calcite precursor supported by low Sr contents and no evidence of recrystallization. This mineralogical variation in these coeval carbonates is considered to be due to the change in depth and temperature of the depositional palaeoenvironment. δ13C values started to rise over 2 ‰ PDB and reached a maximum of 4.3 ‰ PDB at the Wordian–Capitanian boundary at the Bagh-e Vang section. This δ13C rise is attributed to high primary productivity as previously reported in the Capitanian Abadeh Formation in central Iran. The positive δ13C excursion in these sections is correlated with the Capitanian ‘Kamura event’ identified from the mid-Panthalassian sections in Japan. No noticeable positive excursion occurs in the δ13C plot at the Shotori section making the interpretation of palaeo-productivity difficult. It is suggested that an active oceanic upwelling was the probable driver of the Middle Permian oceanic productivity in central Iran. Remarkable negative δ13C excursions around 3.7 and 4.2 ‰ PDB in Capitanian carbonates close to the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundary at the Bagh-e Vang and Abadeh sections, respectively are recorded, which are a proxy for low palaeo-productivity and a transition from a cool to warm climate, consistent with an early Lopingian sea level rise.

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Neutralization of Acidic Wastewater from a Steel Plant by Using CaO-Containing Waste Materials from Pulp and Paper Industries

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14102653 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 2653

Author(s):

Tova Jarnerud ◽

Andrey V. Karasev ◽

Pär G. Jönsson

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Paper Mills ◽

Steel Mills ◽

Lime Mud ◽

Set Up ◽

Pulp And Paper Industries ◽

The Given ◽

Acidic Wastewater

In this study, CaO-containing wastes from pulp and paper industries such as fly ash (FA) and calcined lime mud (LM) were utilized to neutralize and purify acidic wastewaters from the pickling processes in steel mills. The investigations were conducted by laboratory scale trials using four different batches of wastewaters and additions of two types of CaO-containing waste materials. Primary lime (PL), which is usually used for the neutralization, was also tested in the same experimental set up in the sake of comparison. The results show that these secondary lime sources can effectively increase the pH of the acidic wastewaters as good as the commonly used primary lime. Therefore, these secondary lime sources could be potential candidates for application in neutralization processes of industrial acidic wastewater treatment. Moreover, concentrations of metals (such as Cr, Fe, Ni, Mo and Zn) can decrease dramatically after neutralization by using secondary lime. The LM has a purification effect from the given metals, similar to the PL. Application of fly ash and calcined lime mud as neutralizing agents can reduce the amount of waste from pulp and paper mills sent to landfill and decrease the need for nature lime materials in the steel industry.

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The Influence of Lime Mud Waste from the Pulp and Paper Industry as a Replacement of Portland Cement Concrete on Properties of Concrete Masonry Units

The Journal of King Mongkut s University of Technology North Bangkok ◽

10.14416/j.kmutnb.2021.11.011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ditsakul Uengtrakool

Keyword(s):

Portland Cement ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Portland Cement Concrete ◽

Cement Concrete ◽

Lime Mud ◽

Concrete Masonry ◽

Masonry Units

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Pembuatan PCC (Precipitated Calcium Carbonate) Menggunakan Bahan Baku Lime Mud Dengan Metode Kaustik Soda

JURNAL VOKASI TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI (JVTI) ◽

10.36870/jvti.v2i2.187 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Gina Maulia

Keyword(s):

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽

Green Liquor ◽

White Liquor ◽

Lime Mud

Recausticizing merupakan proses pengolahan green liquor menjadi white liquor sebagai produk utama dan lumpur kapur (lime mud) sebagai produk samping. Lime mud sebagai produk samping memiliki kandungan CaCO3 yang cukup tinggi sehingga memungkinkan untuk dimanfaatkan menjadi produk yang bernilai jual lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan lime mud sebagai bahan baku pembuatan PCC (Precipitated Calcium Carbonate) yang memiliki nilai jual lebih tinggi. Penelitian pembuatan PCC ini menggunakan metode kaustik soda dengan variasi dosis HNO3 1 M, 3 M, 5 M, 7 M, 9 M, 11 M, dan 12 M kemudian ditambahkan Na2CO3 untuk pembentukan PCC. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan dosis optimum yaitu pada konsentrasi HNO3 12 M dan Na2CO3 2 M dengan nilai rendemen 97.1 % dan kemurnian 99.57 % yang menunjukkan bahwa hasil tersebut sesuai dengan standar PCC.

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