Activation of the gluteus maximus and hamstring muscles during prone hip extension with knee flexion in three hip abduction positions

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Young Kang ◽  
Hye-Seon Jeon ◽  
Ohyun Kwon ◽  
Heon-seock Cynn ◽  
Boram Choi
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Hip Extension

scholarly journals Development of an on-field injury screening test using wearable sensor technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9_suppl7) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0051
Author(s):  
Pinar Melodi Caliskan ◽  
Anne Benjaminse ◽  
Alli Gokeler
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Knee Abduction ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Injury Screening ◽  
Coordination Patterns ◽  
Hip Extension

Introduction: Injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) commonly occur during complex game situations when the athlete encounters multiple factors such as ball, opponent, field position, and game strategy (Grooms et al., 2018). Many of the current traditional injury screening programs are performed within a predictable, fixed or ‘closed’ environment which do not represent real game situations that require high neurocognitive demands (Dingenen & Gokeler, 2017; Grooms et al., 2018). A complementary approach to lab-based settings is necessary to incorporate the demands of the complex athletic environments. By using wearable sensor technology, we aim to develop an on-field injury screening test in elite youth male soccer players. Investigating the individual differences in motor coordination patterns of the players during sport-specific tasks might enhance our understanding of how ACL injuries occur. Hypotheses: We hypothesized that the motor coordination patterns of the players would be affected when they perform under different conditions manipulated with constraints (task and environmental). Methods: A football-specific test setup was created to analyse the kinematic and performance measures of a group of 17 male youth elite football players aged 15 years (height = 164 ± 9 cm, mass = 50.9± 7.4 kg). The players were grouped into two and measured on two consecutive days. All the players were instructed to complete the test setup (4 conditions, 5 trials) as fast as possible. Condition 1 includes no constraint, condition 2 includes a task constraint (football dummies), condition 3 includes an environmental constraint (stroboscopic glasses) (SENAPTEC, Beaverton, Oregon) and condition 4 includes both task and environmental constraints. 3-D kinematics of the hip, knee, ankle joints were captured using Xsens wearable full-body sensor suits (Xsens, MVN Link version, Enschede, The Netherlands). MATLAB (MATLAB R2019a, The MathWorks Inc., Massachusetts) was used to process and analyse the kinematic data. Data from condition 1 was determined as reference behavior/condition to be compared to other conditions. Kinematic data are presented in attitude vectors (ATV). Results: In total, 81% of the players demonstrated a significant difference (P < 0.05) in angles of hip, knee and ankle joints when performing under different conditions. The percentage of players with increased comparison-based joint movements as follows; condition 1 to condition 2 comparison; 41% hip flexion, 59% hip extension, 53% hip abduction, 47% hip adduction, 62% knee flexion, 38% knee extension, 59% knee abduction, 41% knee adduction, 47% ankle dorsiflexion, 53% ankle plantarflexion, condition 1 to condition 3 comparison; 35% hip flexion, 65% hip extension, 47% hip abduction, 53% hip adduction, 50% knee flexion, 50% knee extension, 41% knee abduction, 59% knee adduction, 59% ankle dorsiflexion, 41% ankle plantarflexion and condition 1 to condition 4 comparison; 31% hip flexion, 69% hip extension, 38% hip abduction, 62% hip adduction, 60% knee flexion, 40% knee extension, 44% knee abduction, 56% knee adduction, 69% ankle dorsiflexion, 31% ankle plantarflexion. Conclusion: The result of this pilot study demonstrated that manipulating task with different constraints caused significant changes in players’ motor coordination patterns which supported the hypothesis of our study. Our findings suggest to develop ACL injury screening tests in a sport-specific setting.

Effects of hip rotation on the electromyographic activity of the medial and lateral hamstrings and muscle force

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wootaek Lim
Keyword(s):  
Prone Position ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Extension Force ◽  
Hip Rotation ◽  
Hip Extension

BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, knee flexion at the prone position for manual muscle testing of hamstrings and hip extension at the supine position for stretching of hamstring muscles are typically proposed. OBJECTIVE: Although different positions have been proposed for different purposes in hamstrings, the understanding of the changing the functional role of hamstrings with position changes is poorly understood. METHODS: The electromyographic (EMG) activity and hip extension force were compared among different postures; hip neutral, internal, and external rotation. EMG and force were measured in prone position during knee flexion and those were additionally measured in supine position during hip extension. In supine position, additional measurements were made in hip neutral, internal and external rotation. RESULTS: Hamstrings showed high EMG activity during knee flexion. Knee flexion force in prone position was significantly decreased at hip extension force in supine position. In supine position, EMG activity was significantly higher in semitendinosus (ST) than biceps femoris (BF) during internal rotation. CONCLUSIONS: It should be noted that bi-articular muscles may have different functional dependencies on the corresponding muscles for each joint. In addition, because the altered alignment of the hamstring muscles that was affected by hip rotation had a significant effect on muscle activity, and hip rotation may be helpful for selective training of medial or lateral hamstrings.

scholarly journals Hamstring Torque, Velocity and Power Elastic Band Measurements during Hip Extension and Knee Flexion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10509
Author(s):  
Dario Santos ◽  
Fernando Massa ◽  
Jorge Dominguez ◽  
Isabel Morales ◽  
Juan Del Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Open Chain ◽  
Elastic Resistance ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hip Extension

The quantitative dynamic monitoring of the performance of hamstring muscles during rehabilitation and training cannot currently be undertaken using elastic resistance bands. Hip extension with a fully extended knee involves hamstring agonists, while knee flexion involves only the hamstring. The purpose of this study is to provide normative values of torque, velocity and power involving hamstring muscles opposing elastic bands. Twenty amateur athletes aged 25.7 ± 4.9, were studied during two motor tasks—hip extension and knee flexion, both isometric & dynamic—with an elastic resistance band and DINABANG portable instrument. We compared the peak isometric torque in hip extension with agonists (2.93 Nm/kg) and without them (1.21 Nm/kg): the difference is significant. The peak angular limb velocity—starting at 50% of the maximum torque—is smaller in hip extension with agonists (215.96°/s) than in a knee flexion without them (452.56°/s). The combination of peak torque and peak velocity estimates power and there is no difference (p = 0.051) with and without agonists: 452.56°Nm/s.kg without agonists and 542.13°Nm/s.kg with them. This study opens the possibility of monitoring torque–velocity–power profiles for hamstring exercise in open chain.

scholarly journals Muscle Recruitment Pattern of The Hamstring Muscles in Hip Extension and Knee Flexion Exercises

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Yanagisawa ◽  
Atsuki Fukutani
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Recruitment Pattern ◽  
Concentric Contractions ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Long Head ◽  
S Peak ◽  
Hip Extension

AbstractWe aimed to compare dynamic exercise performance between hip extension exercises with different knee angles and between knee flexion exercises with different hip angles, and to investigate the recruitment pattern of the hamstrings in each exercise. Seven men performed 4 isokinetic exercises (3 maximal concentric contractions at 30°/s (peak torque) and 30 maximal concentric contractions at 180°/s (total work)): hip extension with the knee fully extended (HEke) and with the knee flexed at 90° (HEkf) and knee flexion with the hip fully extended (KFhe) and with the hip flexed at 90° (KFhf). The recruitment pattern of the hamstrings was evaluated in each exercise using magnetic resonance imaging (T2 calculation). The HEke condition showed significantly greater peak torque than the HEkf condition (p < 0.05). The KFhf condition had significantly greater peak torque and total work values than the KFhe condition (p < 0.05). Although the biceps femoris long head, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus had significantly increased post-exercise T2 values in the HEke (p < 0.05), KFhe, and KFhf conditions (p < 0.01), the T2 increase values were significantly greater under the KFhf than the HEke condition (p < 0.05). The semitendinosus showed a significantly greater T2 increase value than other muscles under both KFhe and KFhf conditions (p < 0.05). Performance of hip extension and knee flexion exercises increases when the hamstring muscles are in a lengthened condition. The hamstring muscles (particularly the semitendinosus) are more involved in knee flexion than in hip extension.

scholarly journals Muscle Activation and Movement Patterns During Prone Hip Extension Exercise in Women

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara L. Lewis ◽  
Shirley A. Sahrmann
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Verbal Cues ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Hip Extension

Abstract Context: The consistency of muscle activation order during prone hip extension has been debated. Objective: To investigate whether women use a consistent and distinguishable muscle activation order when extending the hip while prone and to explore the effects of verbal cues on muscle activation and movement. Design: Single-session, repeated-measures design. Setting: University laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Eleven healthy women (age  =  27.7 ± 6.2 years [range, 22–37 years]). Intervention(s): We tested the participants under 3 conditions: no cues, cues to contract the gluteal muscles, and cues to contract the hamstrings muscles. Main Outcome Measure(s): We measured hip and knee angle and electromyographic data from the gluteus maximus, medial hamstrings, and lateral hamstrings while participants performed prone hip extension from 30° of hip flexion to neutral. Results: When not given cues, participants used the consistent and distinguishable muscle activation order of medial hamstrings, followed by lateral hamstrings, then gluteus maximus (195.5 ± 74.9, 100.2 ± 70.3, and 11.5 ± 81.9 milliseconds preceding start of movement, respectively). Compared with the no-cues condition, the gluteal-cues condition resulted in nearly simultaneous onset of medial hamstrings, lateral hamstrings, and gluteus maximus (131.3 ± 84.0, 38.8 ± 96.9, and 45.1 ± 93.4 milliseconds, respectively) (P &gt; .059); decreased activation of the medial hamstrings (P &lt; .03) and lateral hamstrings (P &lt; .024) around the initiation of movement; increased activation of gluteus maximus throughout the movement (P &lt; .001); and decreased knee flexion (P  =  .002). Compared with the no-cues condition, the hamstrings-cues condition resulted in decreased activation of the medial hamstrings just after the initiation of movement (P  =  .028) and throughout the movement (P  =  .034) and resulted in decreased knee flexion (P  =  .003). Conclusions: Our results support the contention that the muscle activation order during prone hip extension is consistent in healthy women and demonstrates that muscle timing and activation amplitude and movement can be modified with verbal cues. This information is important for clinicians using prone hip extension as either an evaluation tool or a rehabilitation exercise.

scholarly journals Test Re-test Reliability of Single and Multijoint Strength Properties in Female Australian Footballers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kadlec ◽  
Matthew J. Jordan ◽  
Leanne Snyder ◽  
Jacqueline Alderson ◽  
Sophia Nimphius
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Voluntary Contractions ◽  
Trunk Position

Abstract Purpose To examine the test re-test reliability of isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) of hip adduction (ADDISO), hip abduction (ABDISO), and multijoint leg extension (SQUATISO) in sub-elite female Australian footballers. Methods Data were collected from 24 sub-elite female Australian footballers (age 22.6 ± 4.5 years; height 169.4 ± 5.5 cm; body mass 66.6 ± 8.0 kg; 4.5 ± 4.4 years sport-specific training; 2.5 ± 2.0 years unstructured resistance training) from the same club on two non-consecutive days. Participants performed three isometric MVCs of ADDISO, ABDISO, and SQUATISO. The SQUATISO was performed at 140° knee flexion with a vertical trunk position and ADDISO and ABDISO measures were performed in a supine position at 60° of knee flexion and 60° hip flexion. Reliability was assessed using paired t tests and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), typical error (TE), and coefficient of variation (CV%) with 95% CI. Results SQUATISO peak force (ICC .95; CV% 4.1), ABDISO for left, right, and sum (ICC .90–.92; CV% 5.0–5.7), and ADDISO for left, right, and sum (ICC .86–.91; CV% 6.2–6.9) were deemed acceptably reliable based on predetermined criteria (ICC ≥ .8 and CV% ≤ 10). Conclusion SQUATISO, ABDISO, and ADDISO tests demonstrated acceptable reliability for the assessment of peak force in sub-elite female Australian footballers, suggesting these assessments are suitable for muscle strength testing and monitoring adaptations to training.

Effect of side-sling plank exercise on trunk and hip muscle activation in subjects with gluteus medius weakness

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Seung-Min Baik ◽  
Heon-Seock Cynn ◽  
Chung-Hwi Yi ◽  
Ji-Hyun Lee ◽  
Jung-Hoon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Lumbar Multifidus ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Medial Rotation ◽  
Hip Muscles ◽  
Tensor Fasciae Latae

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of side-sling plank (SSP) exercises on trunk and hip muscle activation in subjects with gluteus medius (Gmed) weakness is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To quantify muscle activation of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), erector spinae (ES), lumbar multifidus (LM), Gmed, gluteus maximus (Gmax), and tensor fasciae latae (TFL) during SSP with three different hip rotations compared to side-lying hip abduction (SHA) exercise in subjects with Gmed weakness. METHODS: Twenty-two subjects with Gmed weakness were recruited. SHA and three types of SSP exercises were performed: SSP with neutral hip (SSP-N), hip lateral rotation (SSP-L), and hip medial rotation (SSP-M). Surface electromyography was used to measure the activation of the trunk and hip muscles. RESULTS: The trunk and hip muscles activations were generally significantly higher level during three SSP than SHA. SSP-M showed significantly lower EO activation while significantly higher ES and LM activation than SSP-L. Gmed activation was significantly higher during SSP-M than during SSP-L. TFL activation was significantly lower during SSP-M than during SSP-N and SSP-L. CONCLUSIONS: SSP could be prescribed for patients who have reduced Gmed strength after injuries. Especially, SSP-M could be applied for patients who have Gmed weakness with dominant TFL.

scholarly journals Diferencias cinemáticas del golpeo de fútbol entre futbolistas expertos y sujetos inexpertos (Soccer kick kinematic differences between experienced and non-experienced soccer players)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Alejandro Muñoz López ◽  
José Antonio González Jurado
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Film System ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Soccer Kick ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hip Extension

Objetivo: Examinar las diferencias cinemáticas del golpeo con empeine entre futbolistas expertos y sujetos inexpertos. Sujetos: Se analizaron 17 hombres de 17 a 21 años. Metodología: Se utilizó un sistema de fotogrametría 3D con cuatro cámaras. Los sujetos ejecutaron golpeos con el empeine a máxima potencia. Se analizó la Velocidad del Pie en el Impacto, la Máxima Extensión de Cadera, la Máxima Flexión de Rodilla y la Duración de las Fases del gesto. Resultados: Se hallaron diferencias significativas en la Velocidad del Pie de la pierna no hábil en el momento del impacto (m/s) (Expertos: 14,5±.52, Inexpertos: 12.5±.5; p<.001) y Máxima Extensión de Cadera (grados) (Expertos: 39.2±1.3, Inexpertos: 34.28±3.2; p<.001). También hubo diferencias significativas en la Duración de la Fase 2 en ambas piernas (p<.05). Conclusiones: El golpeo con el empeine total en fútbol presenta diferencias significativas entre grupos de diferente nivel tan solo en la pierna no dominante. Palabra clave: golpeo, fútbol, biomecánica, empeine.Abstract: T; Purpose: to examine kinematic differences of instep soccer kick between experienced and non-experienced soccer players. Subjects: 17 men between 17 and 21 years old. Methodology: a 3D film system with 4 cameras was used. Maximum power instep kicks were executed. It was analyzed feet velocity in the impact, maximum hip extension, maximum knee flexion and kick phases duration. Results: were found significant differences in feet velocity with non-dominant leg in the impact moment (m/s) (Experienced: 14.5±.52, Non-experienced: 12.5±.5; p<.001) and maximum hip extension (degrees) (Experienced: 39.2 ± 1.3, Non-experienced: 34.28±3.2; p<.001). Also were significant differences in the second phase duration in both legs (p<.05). Conclusions: Maximum instep soccer kick show significant differences between groups of different level only in non-dominant leg.Key words: kick, soccer, biomechanics, instep.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document