scholarly journals Autism: Will vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and early childhood reduce the recurrence rate of autism in newborn siblings?

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stubbs ◽  
K. Henley ◽  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation

scholarly journals Vitamin D exposure during pregnancy, but not early childhood, is associated with risk of childhood wheezing

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Anderson ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
J. A. Omand ◽  
C. S. Birken ◽  
P. C. Parkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vitamin D Supplement

The association between vitamin D and wheezing in early childhood is unclear. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between vitamin D exposure, during both pregnancy and childhood, and early childhood wheezing. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the associations between vitamin D exposures and asthma and wheezing severity. We conducted a cohort study of children (0–5 years) recruited from 2008 to 2013 through the TARGet Kids! primary-care research network. Vitamin D exposures included maternal vitamin D supplement use during pregnancy, child vitamin D supplementation and children’s 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. The outcomes measured were parent-reported childhood wheezing, diagnosed asthma and wheezing severity. Vitamin D supplement and wheezing data were available for 2478 children, and blood samples were available for 1275 children. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were estimated using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, birth weight, outdoor play, breastfeeding duration, daycare status, parental smoking and family history of asthma. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy was associated with lower odds of childhood wheezing (aOR=0.65; 95% CI: 0.46–0.93). In early childhood, neither 25(OH)D (aOR per 10 nmol/l=1.01; 95% CI: 0.96–1.06) nor vitamin D supplementation (aOR=1.00; 95% CI: 0.81–1.23) was associated with wheezing. No significant associations were observed with diagnosed asthma or wheezing severity. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy was associated with reduced odds of wheezing, but child vitamin D supplementation and childhood 25(OH)D were not associated with reduced wheezing. The timing of exposure may be important in understanding the association between vitamin D and childhood wheezing.

scholarly journals The role of the 17q21 genotype in the prevention of early childhood asthma and recurrent wheeze by vitamin D

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1900761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S. Kelly ◽  
Bo L. Chawes ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Kevin Blighe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate

Evidence suggests vitamin D has preventive potential in asthma; however, not all children benefit from this intervention. This study aimed to investigate whether variation in the functional 17q21 single nucleotide polymorphism rs12936231 affects the preventive potential of vitamin D against asthma.A combined secondary analysis of two randomised controlled trials of prenatal vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of asthma in offspring (Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART) and Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 (COPSAC2010)) was performed, stratifying by genotype and integrating metabolite data to explore underlying mechanisms.The protective effect of vitamin D on asthma/wheeze was evident among children with the low-risk rs12936231 GG genotype (hazard ratio (HR) 0.49, 95% CI 0.26–0.94, p=0.032) but not the high-risk CC genotype (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.69–1.69, p=0.751). In VDAART, in the GG genotype vitamin D supplementation was associated with increased plasma levels of sphingolipids, including sphingosine-1-phosphate (β 0.022, 95% CI 0.001–0.044, p=0.038), but this was not evident with the CC genotype, known to be associated with increased expression of ORMDL3 in bronchial epithelial cells. Sphingolipid levels were associated with decreased risk of asthma/wheeze, and there was evidence of interactions between sphingolipid levels, vitamin D and genotype (p-interactionvitaminD*genotype*sphingosine-1-phosphate=0.035). In a cellular model, there was a significant difference in the induction of sphingosine-1-phosphate by vitamin D between a control human bronchial epithelial cell line and a cell line overexpressing ORMDL3 (p=0.002).Results suggest prenatal vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk of early childhood asthma/wheeze via alterations of sphingolipid metabolism dependent on the 17q21 genotype.

scholarly journals The Influence of Sunlight Exposure and Sun Protecting Behaviours on Allergic Outcomes in Early Childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5429
Author(s):  
Kristina Rueter ◽  
Anderson P. Jones ◽  
Aris Siafarikas ◽  
Paola Chivers ◽  
Susan L. Prescott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Dramatic Rise

The dramatic rise in allergic disease has occurred in tandem with recent environmental changes and increasing indoor lifestyle culture. While multifactorial, one consistent allergy risk factor has been reduced sunlight exposure. However, vitamin D supplementation studies have been disappointing in preventing allergy, raising possible independent effects of ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. The aim of this study was to examine whether UV light exposure influences the development of allergic disease in early childhood. Direct sunlight exposure (290–380 nm) in early infancy was measured via UV dosimeters. Outdoor exposure, sun protective behaviours, and allergy outcomes were assessed over the first 2.5 years of life with clinical assessment appointments at 3, 6, 12 and 30 months of age. Children with eczema had less (p = 0.038) direct UV light exposure between 0-3 months of age (median (IQR) 747 (473–1439) J/m2) than children without eczema (median (IQR) 1204 (1717–1843) J/m2); and less outdoor exposure time (7 min/day) between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. compared to children without eczema (20 min/day, p = 0.011). These associations were seen independent of vitamin D status, and after adjusting for other potential confounders. Whilst we could not find any associations between direct UV light exposure and other allergic disease outcomes, exposure to UV light appears to be beneficial in reducing the risk of eczema development in early childhood. Further research is required to determine optimal levels of UV light exposure while balancing the potential risks.

scholarly journals Vitamin D deficiency in early childhood: prevalent in the sunny South Pacific

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1893-1901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron C Grant ◽  
Clare R Wall ◽  
Sue Crengle ◽  
Robert Scragg
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in young urban children in Auckland, New Zealand, where there is no routine vitamin D supplementation.DesignA random sample of urban children. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <27·5 nmol/l (<11 ng/ml). Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios and, from these, relative risks (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals were estimated.SettingAuckland, New Zealand (36°52′S), where the daily vitamin D production by solar irradiation varies between summer and winter at least 10-fold.SubjectsChildren aged 6 to 23 months enrolled from 1999 to 2002.ResultsVitamin D deficiency was present in forty-six of 353 (10 %; 95 % CI 7, 13 %). In a multivariate model there was an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency associated with measurement in winter or spring (RR = 7·24, 95 % CI 1·55, 23·58), Pacific ethnicity (RR = 7·60, 95 % CI 1·80, 20·11), not receiving any infant or follow-on formula (RR = 5·69, 95 % CI 2·66, 10·16), not currently receiving vitamin supplements (RR = 5·32, 95 % CI 2·04, 11·85) and living in a more crowded household (RR = 2·36, 95 % CI 1·04, 4·88).ConclusionsVitamin D deficiency is prevalent in early childhood in New Zealand. Prevalence varies with season and ethnicity. Dietary factors are important determinants of vitamin D status in this age group. Vitamin D supplementation should be considered as part of New Zealand’s child health policy.

scholarly journals Vitamin D supplementation does not prevent the recurrence of Graves’ disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Young Cho ◽  
Yun Jae Chung
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

AbstractRecent literature has reported a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among people with Graves’ disease. No study has examined the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the clinical outcomes of Graves’ disease. We aimed to evaluate whether daily vitamin D supplementation reduces Graves’ disease recurrence. We enrolled 210 subjects with Graves’ disease and vitamin D deficiency and followed them for at least one year after anti-thyroid drug (ATD) discontinuation. Among 210 individuals, 60 (29%) were amenable to taking vitamin D supplements, resulting in sufficient vitamin D levels (from 10.6 to 25.7 ng/mL), whereas the mean vitamin D level was 11.6 ng/mL in the 150 patients who did not take vitamin D supplements. The recurrence rate was similar in both groups (38% vs. 49%, P = 0.086). However, recurrence occurred earlier in the latter group (7 months vs. 5 months, P = 0.016). In the multivariate analysis, vitamin D levels and TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) titers at ATD discontinuation remained significant factors for recurrence. Vitamin D levels and TBII titers at ATD discontinuation exhibited a weak negative correlation (R = −0.143, P = 0.041). Vitamin D supplementation might have a protective effect against Graves’ disease recurrence with a borderline significant recurrence rate reduction.

scholarly journals The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation During Infancy on Growth During the First Two Years of Life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena H Hauta-Alus ◽  
Elisa M Holmlund-Suila ◽  
Eero Kajantie ◽  
Jenni Rosendahl ◽  
Saara M Valkama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
Group 10

Abstract Context The relationship between maternal and infant vitamin D and early childhood growth remains inadequately understood. Objective To investigate how maternal and child 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and vitamin D supplementation impact growth during the first 2 years of life. Design A randomized, double-blinded intervention study. Setting A single-center study from pregnancy until offspring age 2 years. Participants Altogether 812 term-born children with complete data, recruited at Maternity Hospital. Intervention Children received daily vitamin D3 supplementation 10 μg (Group-10) or 30 μg (Group-30) from age 2 weeks to 2 years. Main outcome measures Anthropometry and growth rate at age 1 and 2 years. Results Toddlers born to mothers with Pregnancy 25(OH)D &gt;125 nmol/L were at 2 years lighter and thinner than the reference group with 25(OH)D 50-74.9 nmol/L (P&lt;0.010). Mean 2-year 25(OH)D concentrations were 87 nmol/L in Group-10 and 118 nmol/L in Group-30 (P&lt;0.001). When Group-30 was compared with Group-10, difference in body size was not statistically significant (P&gt;0.053), but Group-30 had slower growth in length and head circumference between 6 months and 1 year (P&lt;0.047), and more rapid growth in weight and length-adjusted weight between 1 and 2 years (P&lt;0.043). Toddlers in the highest quartile of 25(OH)D (&gt;121 nmol/L) were shorter (mean difference 0.2 SD score (SDS), P=0.021), lighter (mean difference 0.4 SDS, P=0.001) and thinner (in length-adjusted weight) (mean difference 0.4 SDS, P=0.003) compared with the lowest quartile (&lt;81.2 nmol/L). Conclusion Vitamin D and early childhood growth may have an inverse U-shaped relationship.

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