Flow battery based on reverse electrodialysis with bipolar membranes: Single cell experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 565 ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiabing Xia ◽  
Gerhart Eigenberger ◽  
Heinrich Strathmann ◽  
Ulrich Nieken
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Bipolar Membranes

scholarly journals Acid-Base Flow Battery, Based on Reverse Electrodialysis with Bi-Polar Membranes: Stack Experiments

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiabing Xia ◽  
Gerhart Eigenberger ◽  
Heinrich Strathmann ◽  
Ulrich Nieken
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Bipolar Membranes ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Additional Losses

Neutralization of acid and base to produce electricity in the process of reverse electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (REDBP) presents an interesting but until now fairly overlooked flow battery concept. Previously, we presented single-cell experiments, which explain the principle and discuss the potential of this process. In this contribution, we discuss experiments with REDBP stacks at lab scale, consisting of 5 to 20 repeating cell units. They demonstrate that the single-cell results can be extrapolated to respective stacks, although additional losses have to be considered. As in other flow battery stacks, losses by shunt currents through the parallel electrolyte feed/exit lines increases with the number of connected cell units, whereas the relative importance of electrode losses decreases with increasing cell number. Experimental results are presented with 1 mole L−1 acid (HCl) and base (NaOH) for open circuit as well as for charge and discharge with up to 18 mA/cm2 current density. Measures to further increase the efficiency of this novel flow battery concept are discussed.

scholarly journals A complex four-point method for the evaluation of ohmic and faradaic losses within a redox flow battery single-cell

MethodsX ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 534-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mazur ◽  
J. Mrlik ◽  
J. Charvat ◽  
J. Pocedic ◽  
J. Vrana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery

scholarly journals Chemical and Energy Recovery Alternatives in SWRO Desalination through Electro-Membrane Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8100
Author(s):  
Marta Herrero-Gonzalez ◽  
Raquel Ibañez
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Bipolar Membranes ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Readiness Level ◽  
Gradient Energy ◽  
Membrane Technologies

Electro-membrane technologies are versatile processes that could contribute towards more sustainable seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination in both freshwater production and brine management, facilitating the recovery of materials and energy and driving the introduction of the circular economy paradigm in the desalination industry. Besides the potential possibilities, the implementation of electro-membrane technologies remains a challenge. The aim of this work is to present and evaluate different alternatives for harvesting renewable energy and the recovery of chemicals on an SWRO facility by means of electro-membrane technology. Acid and base self-supply by means of electrodialysis with bipolar membranes is considered, together with salinity gradient energy harvesting by means of reverse electrodialysis and pH gradient energy by means of reverse electrodialysis with bipolar membranes. The potential benefits of the proposed alternatives rely on environmental impact reduction is three-fold: (a) water bodies protection, as direct brine discharge is avoided, (b) improvements in the climate change indicator, as the recovery of renewable energy reduces the indirect emissions related to energy production, and (c) reduction of raw material consumption, as the main chemicals used in the facility are produced in-situ. Moreover, further development towards an increase in their technology readiness level (TRL) and cost reduction are the main challenges to face.

Experimental Study on Effects of Operational Parameters on a Single-Cell Test-Bed Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabiul Islam ◽  
Kwangkook Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Energy Storage Capacity ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Abstract This paper describes the experimental characterization of a laboratory scale single-cell vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) with variations of operational parameters. The single cell was experimentally investigated with respect to energy storage capacity, charge-discharge time, voltage, coulombic and energy efficiencies under various operating parameters such as current densities, electrolyte flow rates, and the ratio of electrolyte volume in electrolyte storage tank and cell. It was found that the voltage efficiency was increased by 11% entailing energy efficiency improvement from 60 to 66% as the electrolyte flowrate was increased from 40 to 220 ml/min. The highest columbic efficiency was achieved at 96% for the current density of 40 mA/cm2 which was 14% higher than that of the current density of 15 mA/cm2. Energy storage capacity was linearly increased with higher ratio of tank to cell volume due to the larger number of vanadium ions present. The improvement in energy storage capacities was observed to be 60, and 41% as the ratio was raised by 67, and 40%, respectively.

SPES/PVDF/TPA composite membrane as an alternative proton exchange membrane in vanadium redox flow battery application

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Lian ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Hongdong Liu ◽  
Haitao Liu ◽  
Jiang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox

A new kind of composite membrane consisting of sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (SPES), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), and phosphotungstic acid (TPA) has been prepared and employed as the ion-exchange membrane for vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) application. The addition of the highly crystalline and hydrophobic PVDF effectively confines the swelling behavior of SPES/PVDF/TPA. The composite membrane exhibits one order of magnitude lower vanadium ions permeability and much better single cell performance compared to pristine SPES and Nafion 115 membranes. The single cell with SPES/PVDF/TPA membrane shows much lower capacity loss, higher coulombic efficiency (>97%), and higher energy efficiency (>82%) than which with Nafion 115 membrane. In the self-discharge test, single cell with SPES/PVDF/TPA membrane shows much longer duration in the open-circuit voltage decay than which with Nafion 115 membrane. With all the good performances and low cost, the SPES/PVDF/TPA membrane is expected to have excellent commercial prospects as ion-exchange membrane for VRB system.

Performance of five commercial bipolar membranes under forward and reverse bias conditions for acid-base flow battery applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 640 ◽  
pp. 119748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Al-Dhubhani ◽  
Ragne Pärnamäe ◽  
Jan W. Post ◽  
Michel Saakes ◽  
Michele Tedesco
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Bias ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Bipolar Membranes

scholarly journals The Acid–Base Flow Battery: Sustainable Energy Storage via Reversible Water Dissociation with Bipolar Membranes

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Ragne Pärnamäe ◽  
Luigi Gurreri ◽  
Jan Post ◽  
Willem Johannes van Egmond ◽  
Andrea Culcasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Water Dissociation ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Commercial Unit ◽  
Bipolar Membranes

The increasing share of renewables in electric grids nowadays causes a growing daily and seasonal mismatch between electricity generation and demand. In this regard, novel energy storage systems need to be developed, to allow large-scale storage of the excess electricity during low-demand time, and its distribution during peak demand time. Acid–base flow battery (ABFB) is a novel and environmentally friendly technology based on the reversible water dissociation by bipolar membranes, and it stores electricity in the form of chemical energy in acid and base solutions. The technology has already been demonstrated at the laboratory scale, and the experimental testing of the first 1 kW pilot plant is currently ongoing. This work aims to describe the current development and the perspectives of the ABFB technology. In particular, we discuss the main technical challenges related to the development of battery components (membranes, electrolyte solutions, and stack design), as well as simulated scenarios, to demonstrate the technology at the kW–MW scale. Finally, we present an economic analysis for a first 100 kW commercial unit and suggest future directions for further technology scale-up and commercial deployment.

Preparation of sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composite membrane for vanadium redox flow battery

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-393
Author(s):  
Junli Zhang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Yaobin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Pvdf Membrane ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Vanadium Redox ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

A sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone) (SPPES)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composite membrane was prepared through a solution-casting method for vanadium redox flow battery (denoted as VRB). The composite membrane exhibits dramatically lower vanadium ions permeability and better cell performance compared to the pristine SPPES membrane and Nafion 115 membrane. The vanadium ion permeability of SPPES/PVDF membrane is one order of magnitude lower than that of Nafion 115 membrane. In the further work, the VRB single cell with SPPES/PVDF composite membrane shows higher columbic efficiency (92.80%) and energy efficiency (84.1%) at the current density 36 mA·cm−2 compared with the single cell with Nafion 115 membrane. In the self-discharge test, SPPES/PVDF membrane showed 1.7 times longer duration in the open circuit decay than Nafion 115 membrane. With all the good properties and low cost, this new kind of composite membrane is of excellent commercial prospects as an ion exchange membrane for VRB systems.

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