High Level of Acceptability and Feasibility with Low Level of Efficacy of Daily Text-Messaging on Glycaemic Status and Self-Management: Result of a Randomised Trial Among Low-Income Earning Black South Africans

Metabolism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 154057
Author(s):  
Eyitayo Omolara Owolabi ◽  
Daniel Ter Goon ◽  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Self Management ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Black South Africans ◽  
High Level

Determinants of Abuse of the Bodies of the Dead

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Margarita Khomyakova
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
High Level

The author analyzes definitions of the concepts of determinants of crime given by various scientists and offers her definition. In this study, determinants of crime are understood as a set of its causes, the circumstances that contribute committing them, as well as the dynamics of crime. It is noted that the Russian legislator in Article 244 of the Criminal Code defines the object of this criminal assault as public morality. Despite the use of evaluative concepts both in the disposition of this norm and in determining the specific object of a given crime, the position of criminologists is unequivocal: crimes of this kind are immoral and are in irreconcilable conflict with generally accepted moral and legal norms. In the paper, some views are considered with regard to making value judgments which could hardly apply to legal norms. According to the author, the reasons for abuse of the bodies of the dead include economic problems of the subject of a crime, a low level of culture and legal awareness; this list is not exhaustive. The main circumstances that contribute committing abuse of the bodies of the dead and their burial places are the following: low income and unemployment, low level of criminological prevention, poor maintenance and protection of medical institutions and cemeteries due to underperformance of state and municipal bodies. The list of circumstances is also open-ended. Due to some factors, including a high level of latency, it is not possible to reflect the dynamics of such crimes objectively. At the same time, identification of the determinants of abuse of the bodies of the dead will reduce the number of such crimes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Text Messaging Intervention to Support Self-Management of Diabetes During Pregnancy Among Low-Income, Minority Women: Qualitative Study

JMIR Diabetes ◽  
10.2196/17794 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. e17794
Author(s):  
Lynn Yee ◽  
Shaneah Taylor ◽  
Maria Young ◽  
Makayla Williams ◽  
Charlotte Niznik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Text Messaging Intervention ◽  
Sms Text Messaging

Background Given the growing burden of diabetes in underserved communities and the complexity of diabetes self-management during pregnancy, the development of interventions to support low-income pregnant women with diabetes is urgently needed. Objective This study aims to develop and pilot test a theory-driven curriculum of SMS text messaging for diabetes support and education during pregnancy. Methods This was a prospective pilot investigation of a novel SMS text messaging intervention offered to pregnant women with pregestational or gestational diabetes mellitus and publicly funded prenatal care. Prior work yielded a conceptual model of diabetes self-management barriers and support factors in this population, which was used to guide curriculum development along with health behavior theories. Participants received three supportive or educational one-way text messages per week during pregnancy. In-depth semistructured interviews were performed at study exit to solicit feedback on the program. Narrative data were analyzed using the constant comparative technique to identify themes and subthemes. Results Participants (N=31 enrolled and n=26 completed both interviews) consistently reported that SMS text messaging provided enhanced motivation for diabetes self-care, reduced diabetes-related social isolation, increased perceived diabetes-associated knowledge, enhanced comfort with the health care team, and reduced logistical burdens of diabetes during pregnancy. Participants requested enhanced interactive and customizable features in future intervention iterations. Conclusions Pregnant women with diabetes who were enrolled in this pilot study of an SMS text messaging curriculum for diabetes support described enhanced motivation, knowledge, and comfort with diabetes self-care activities as a result of the health education intervention. The next steps include enriching the interactive features of the intervention and investigating the effect of the intervention on perinatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Text messaging to engage friends/family in diabetes self-management support: acceptability and potential to address disparities

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1099-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay S Mayberry ◽  
Erin M Bergner ◽  
Kryseana J Harper ◽  
Simone Laing ◽  
Cynthia A Berg
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Support Person ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Objective Explore acceptability of engaging family/friends in patients’ type 2 diabetes (T2D) self-management using text messaging. Materials and Methods Participants (N = 123) recruited from primary care clinics for a larger trial evaluating mobile phone support for T2D completed self-report measures and a hemoglobin A1c test and then had the option to invite an adult support person to receive text messages. We examined characteristics and reasons of participants who did/did not invite a support person, responses to the invitation, and feedback from patients and support persons. Results Participants were 55.9 ± 10.1 years old, 55% female, 53% minority, and 54% disadvantaged (low income, less than high school degree/GED, uninsured, and/or homeless). Participants who invited a support person (48%) were slightly younger, more likely to be partnered, and reported more depressive symptoms and more emergency department visits in the year prior to study enrollment as compared to participants who did not (all p <.05). Participants’ reasons for inviting a support person included needing help and seeing benefits of engaging others, while reasons for not inviting a support person included concerns about being a “burden” and support person’s ability or desire to text. Support persons reported the texts increased awareness, created dialogue, and improved their own health behaviors. Discussion Patients inviting a support person had higher need and thus may stand to benefit most. Most support persons were open to engagement via text messages. Conclusion Across race and socioeconomic status, text messaging may engage support persons to increase health-related support—particularly for patients with higher levels of need. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02409329.

scholarly journals Effect of Deposit Mobilization and Credit Financing of Commercial Banks on Capital Formation in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Byyiyet Josiah Jacob ◽  
Yusha’u Ishaya ◽  
Idachaba Odekina Innocent
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Fixed Capital Formation ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Credit Financing ◽  
High Level

The low level of Capital formation in Nigeria has been blamed on the low level of savings occasioned by the low income level and high level of consumption which reduce the ability of banks to create money through intermediation. This study investigates the effect of deposit mobilization and credit financing of commercial banks on capital formation in Nigeria. Gross fixed capital formation was used as proxy for dependent variable, while credit to private sectors, lending rate and Total deposit liabilities were used as proxies of independent variables. The study employed time series quarterly data from Q1 1980 to Q4 2015, which constitutes 48 observations. Multiple regression techniques were used to analyze the data. The study found that (LRN and TDL) have positive impact on GFCF of Nigeria while credit to private sector has an inverse relationship with GDP. In view of this finding, the study recommended that Nigeria commercial banks should re-direct their intermediation activities effectively. JEL Classification: C22, C87, G2, G21, G29

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Text Messaging Intervention to Support Self-Management of Diabetes During Pregnancy Among Low-Income, Minority Women: Qualitative Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Yee ◽  
Shaneah Taylor ◽  
Maria Young ◽  
Makayla Williams ◽  
Charlotte Niznik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Text Messaging Intervention ◽  
Sms Text Messaging

BACKGROUND Given the growing burden of diabetes in underserved communities and the complexity of diabetes self-management during pregnancy, the development of interventions to support low-income pregnant women with diabetes is urgently needed. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop and pilot test a theory-driven curriculum of SMS text messaging for diabetes support and education during pregnancy. METHODS This was a prospective pilot investigation of a novel SMS text messaging intervention offered to pregnant women with pregestational or gestational diabetes mellitus and publicly funded prenatal care. Prior work yielded a conceptual model of diabetes self-management barriers and support factors in this population, which was used to guide curriculum development along with health behavior theories. Participants received three supportive or educational one-way text messages per week during pregnancy. In-depth semistructured interviews were performed at study exit to solicit feedback on the program. Narrative data were analyzed using the constant comparative technique to identify themes and subthemes. RESULTS Participants (N=31 enrolled and n=26 completed both interviews) consistently reported that SMS text messaging provided enhanced motivation for diabetes self-care, reduced diabetes-related social isolation, increased perceived diabetes-associated knowledge, enhanced comfort with the health care team, and reduced logistical burdens of diabetes during pregnancy. Participants requested enhanced interactive and customizable features in future intervention iterations. CONCLUSIONS Pregnant women with diabetes who were enrolled in this pilot study of an SMS text messaging curriculum for diabetes support described enhanced motivation, knowledge, and comfort with diabetes self-care activities as a result of the health education intervention. The next steps include enriching the interactive features of the intervention and investigating the effect of the intervention on perinatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Scalable solution for delivery of diabetes self-management education in Thailand (DSME-T): a cluster randomised trial study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e036963
Author(s):  
Chaisiri Angkurawaranon ◽  
Iliatha Papachristou Nadal ◽  
Poppy Alice Carson Mallinson ◽  
Kanokporn Pinyopornpanish ◽  
Orawan Quansri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Culturally Tailored ◽  
Cluster Randomised

IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus is among the foremost health challenges facing policy makers in Thailand as its prevalence has more than tripled over the last two decades, accounting for considerable death, disability and healthcare expenditure. Diabetes self-management education (DSME) programmes show promise in improving diabetes outcomes, but this is not routinely used in Thailand. This study aims to test a culturally tailored DSME model in Thailand, using a three-arm cluster randomised controlled trial comparing a nurse-led model, a peer-assisted model and standard care. We will test which model is effective and cost effective to improve cardiovascular risk and control of blood glucose among people with diabetes.Methods and analysis21 primary care units in northern Thailand will be randomised to one of three interventions, enrolling a total of 693 patients. The primary care units will be randomised (1:1:1) to participate in a culturally-tailored DSME intervention for 12 months. The three-arm trial design will compare effectiveness of nurse-led, peer-assisted (Thai village health volunteers) and standard care. The primary trial outcomes are changes in haemoglobin A1c and cardiovascular risk score. A process evaluation and cost effectiveness evaluation will be conducted to produce policy relevant guidance for the Thai Ministry of Public Health. The planned trial period will start in January 2020 and finish October 2021.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from Thailand and the UK. We will share our study data with other researchers, advertising via our publications and web presence. In particular, we are committed to sharing our findings and data with academic audiences in Thailand and other low-income and middle-income countries.Trial registration numberNCT03938233.

Suicidal Behavior in Black South Africans

Crisis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourens Schlebusch ◽  
Naseema B.M. Vawda ◽  
Brenda A. Bosch
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
South African Society ◽  
South Africans ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Black South Africans ◽  
To Come

Summary: In the past suicidal behavior among Black South Africans has been largely underresearched. Earlier studies among the other main ethnic groups in the country showed suicidal behavior in those groups to be a serious problem. This article briefly reviews some of the more recent research on suicidal behavior in Black South Africans. The results indicate an apparent increase in suicidal behavior in this group. Several explanations are offered for the change in suicidal behavior in the reported clinical populations. This includes past difficulties for all South Africans to access health care facilities in the Apartheid (legal racial separation) era, and present difficulties of post-Apartheid transformation the South African society is undergoing, as the people struggle to come to terms with the deleterious effects of the former South African racial policies, related socio-cultural, socio-economic, and other pressures.

Teknik Data Mining Dalam Clustering Produksi Susu Segar Di Indonesia Dengan Algoritma K-Means

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Ilham Safitra Damanik ◽  
Sundari Retno Andani ◽  
Dedi Sehendro
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Data Mining Techniques ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Cluster

Milk is an important intake to meet nutritional needs. Both consumed by children, and adults. Indonesia has many producers of fresh milk, but it is not sufficient for national milk needs. Data mining is a science in the field of computers that is widely used in research. one of the data mining techniques is Clustering. Clustering is a method by grouping data. The Clustering method will be more optimal if you use a lot of data. Data to be used are provincial data in Indonesia from 2000 to 2017 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency. The results of this study are in Clusters based on 2 milk-producing groups, namely high-dairy producers and low-milk producing regions. From 27 data on fresh milk production in Indonesia, two high-level provinces can be obtained, namely: West Java and East Java. And 25 others were added in 7 provinces which did not follow the calculation of the K-Means Clustering Algorithm, including in the low level cluster.

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