DETERMINANT ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONG MILLENNIAL IN YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA

This study aims to analyze the determinant of millennial entrepreneurial intention in Yogyakarta. The subject in this study was the people resident in Yogyakarta with the age of 19 to 39 years old. Respondents were selected using a purposive sampling method. The data were gathered using questionnaires and analyzed by using multiple linear regression analysis. The finding of this study shows that overall the attitude, perceived behavioral control, family background, entrepreneurial knowledge, and social media have a positive and significant impact on entrepreneurial intention simultaneously. Whereas separately the results show that attitude, behavioral control, family background, and social media have a positive and significant impact on entrepreneurial intention while entrepreneurial knowledge has a negative and insignificant of the millennial generation in Yogyakarta. Overall, this research provides some crucial insights for Yogyakarta’s local government to highlight possible steps for policy makers as a reference for entrepreneurship development.

INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SMEs: BETWEEN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS AND E-COMMERCE

Throughout the lines of this article, we tend to expose the different theoretical approaches to the internationalization of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). In particular, this paper aims to present the main approaches proposed not only in the literature but also in the shadow of the new international behaviors of SMEs, to question their scope. Moreover, this contribution seeks to draw attention to new types of internationalization among SMEs, in this case, participation in Global Value Chains (GVCs) and electronic commerce (e-commerce).

Understanding of Accounting and Training for the Development of MSME’s Financial Statements Based on Sak Emkm

The purpose of this study was to determine the Effect of Accounting Understanding on MSME Financial Reporting Based on SAK EMKM, Effect of Training on Financial Report Preparation on MSME Financial Reporting Based on SAK EMKM. Study at Sanan Tempe Chips Industry Center in Blimbing District, Malang City. The sample of this research is 65 MSME centers of Sanan Tempe Chips Industry in Malang City Blimbing District. Hypothesis testing uses a regression test that is preceded by a normality test, a multicollinearity test, and a heteroscedasticity test. Furthermore, hypothesis testing is done by using multiple regression tests. The results of the study indicate that accounting understanding has no significant effect on MSME financial reporting based on SAK EMKM. Training on the preparation of financial statements has no significant effect on MSME financial reporting based on SAK EMKM.

Effect of Self -Efficacy and Distributive Justice on Employees’ Performance in Federal Capital Territory Area Councils, Abuja

The well-being of every organization and institution lies on the performance of its employees. Local government area councils are created to render services and to address the social needs of the people. These services are highly essential to the sustenance of people at this level. However, when workers who are employed to discharge all these services on behalf of the government to the people are unable to perform their jobs as expected, problems arises as the expected social and economic service are barely executed. The study aimed at examining the effect of self-efficacy and distributive justice on employees’ performance in FCT area councils, Abuja. A survey research design was used and primary data were gathered through the use of questionnaire. A total of 217 returned questionnaires were analyzed. Structural equation model was used to analyze data using Smartpls2. Findings reveal that distributive justice and self-efficacy have a positive and significant effect on employees’ performance. The study, therefore, recommends that the operation of distribution justice should be encourage at the grass root level since the employees are motivated by their reward at the end of the day; Self efficacy of the employees’ should also be improve through effective initiatives so as to motivate employees to perform their jobs optimally.

Role of Local Government and MSMEs Performance: The Case of Ethiopia

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the important sectors in both developed and developing countries contributing to economic growth and poverty alleviation. They play a significantly important role in contributing to economic growth, with a major share of employment in Ethiopia. However, in purposively selected three Urban Administrations under the study, the sectors are not playing their essentially expected roles. This study, therefore, examined the role of local government in supporting MSMEs performance. The study employed a mixed method approach using both quantitative and qualitative data. Data required for the study are gathered from secondary and primary sources. Secondary source data are gathered from books, journals, and related earlier research outputs as well as from the regional, zonal and administrative towns archival. Primary data are gathered from extensive field works through a questionnaire survey, key informant interviews, and personal observations by employing structured and unstructured questionnaires. The sample population is identified using stratified sampling design, thus, 541 samples are identified. Furthermore, 22 enterprise owners/managers were identified purposively as a target sample for key informant interviews. Document analysis, narrative analysis, and descriptive statistics have been used to analyze the data. The findings of the study indicated that, low level of employment and capital generation of MSMEs due to ineffective local government support. This study is important to attract investment and enhance the performance of the businesses in the local area. In general, this study will be significant to enhance the economic growth of the region by creating employment to reduce the heavy burden placed on larger cities by accommodating the ever-increasing population of the region. Therefore, local government institutions should create a conducive local business environment to attract more investment and promote the existing firms’ performance.

Credit Risk Management and Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria: A Case Study of Small and Medium Scale Industries in Ondo State

The paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on credit risk management and entrepreneurship development in Nigeria with focus on small and medium scale industries in Ondo State. The objective of the study is to examine the effect of credit risk management on entrepreneurship development. The study adopted the use of descriptive statistics and regression analysis method to test the hypothesis formulated. The results indicated that entrepreneurship development is being hampered by ineffective credit risk management. The findings has shown that Small Scale Enterprise still suffers greatly from inadequate policy on fund raising, lack of risk management personnel, lack of credit advisory unit in loan houses and Inability to determine appropriate source of funding which significantly affects their level of development. The findings of this study have also found out that the Nigerian markets are filled with numerous business opportunities. Based on the findings, it was recommended that increased government support, uninterrupted power supply and communication link, provision of skilled manpower and computer wizard in operation of payment system, collaboration among banks, provision of adequate security and fight against corruption would assists and improve the growth and development of entrepreneurship in Nigeria.

Employee Turnover Intention of SMEs: A Case Study in China

Through the empirical analysis and test of 2106 valid questionnaires of employees of small and medium enterprises(SMEs) in China, the article presents the influence mechanism of the sense of fairness of salary distribution on employees' turnover intention based on the cross angle of internal and external factors. The theory of organizational commitment and perception of external job opportunities was introduced and applied AMOS 22.0 to conduct confirmatory factor analysis on the scale. Then applies SPSS 23.0 to establish a hierarchical linear regression model to analyze the impact of the fairness of salary distribution on turnover intention and analyze organizational commitment and the mediating and regulating role of external job opportunities. The results indicate that the sense of fairness in salary distribution and organizational commitment can effectively reduce employees' turnover intention, and employees' perceived external job opportunities moderate this inhibition.

The Critical Review on the Adoption of ICTs in the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Developing Countries

The Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are considered as the mainstay of the economy, whereas the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is regarded as unitary of the major drivers for SMEs. The function of the ICT is to ensure that as far as the organizations are concerned, their strategy and design, innovation of new products, services, processes, productivity, expansion of market size, improvement of product qualities, enhancement of performance and, development, as well as supporting business competitiveness can be executed accordingly. However, debates about the efficient uses of ICTs by SMEs in developing nations are being discussed and reported widely. Therefore, this study analyzes the critical success factors on the ICTs adoption in the SMEs globally focusing on Oman. Questionnaire survey is conducted among the managers of the SMEs. It is found that the effective adoption of ICTs in the SMEs is caused by a number of success factors including among others limited access to markets and, finance, lack of awareness to global markets, unfriendly business environment, poor management skills and lack of updated technology. complication of the bureaucracy process, as well as lack of training relating to basic business.

The Roles and Challenges of Micro Finance in Women Empowerment: A Case Study in Oromia Credit and Saving Institution in West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia

Empowerment of women has emerged as an important issue in recent times since women remained disadvantaged part of society for a long period of times. Empowerment of women facilitates development by the uplifting their economic, social and political status. Microfinance is proved to be the instrument to handle poverty that exists mostly in urban and rural areas of the country. It is treated as a key strategy in addressing development issues across the country since the last decade. This study basically attempts to analyze the roles and challenges of microfinance in women empowerment. A primary survey has been carried out to capture the realistic experiences from the women beneficiaries of Oromia Micro Credit and Saving Institution of West Shoa Zone branch. In order to address the objectives of the study, a mixed approach has been adopted and primary data were collected and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques. A total sample of 268 women customers’ was selected using simple random sampling technique out of 1316 target populations. Data collected from these respondents were analyzed and interpreted using percentage, weighted mean and mean ranking and the hypothesis was tested using the paired t-test. The findings showed that a significant number of clients had increased their income, saving, decision making and asset ownership rights and safeguarded themselves and their families from financial difficulties. Besides its role, the main challenging factors are unproductive usages of the loan, limited loan size, lack of training and follow up, low awareness and high-interest rate of the loan.

Determinants of Micro and Small Enterprises Growth in Selected Towns of West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

MSEs have an important contribution to economic growth and employment creation in Ethiopia. However, due to different bottlenecks that hinder the growth, MSEs found in these three towns were not grown as it was expected. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying the major determinants of MSEs growth in West Shoa Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. In the study, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. Primary data was obtained using questionnaires. Stratified sampling was used to select proportional number of samples from the study area. The study used Chi-square and logistic regression to measure the association and determine growth probability of MSEs, respectively. The result of the study revealed, Entrepreneurial competency, managerial skills, market access, innovation, high initial investment size, access to finance and manufacturing sector variables were identified as a major determinant of growth of the MSEs in the study area. MSEs Owner/manager characteristics such as gender and age were found not to have an influence on the growth of the enterprises as the descriptive result showed. The probability of growth of MSEs were positively influenced by entrepreneurship competency, management skill, market access, initial investment size, and sector in manufacturing; however, getting access to finance and engaging in innovation activity have negative impact on the growth probability of MSEs based on the binary logit model result. The variables included in the model explain about 73.38% of the influences on the MSEs Growth so as, the model is fit. The study recommends that proper understanding of these factors constitutes an essential starting point and important for the Owner/manager of MSEs, government and non-governmental organizations to formulate policies and strategies in order to reduce unemployment, poverty and income inequality thereby promote MSEs and their growth in the country and particularly in West Shoa Zone.