A new process for the efficient decomposition of low-grade scheelite based on the formation of insoluble calcium fluorophosphate

2022 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 107372
Author(s):  
Liang Yang ◽  
Xinying Zhang ◽  
Caifang Cao ◽  
Xiang Xue ◽  
Linsheng Wan
Keyword(s):  
Low Grade ◽  
New Process

Production of high quality fuels using the enhanced Enersludge™ process

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Skrypski-Mäntele ◽  
T. R. Bridle ◽  
P. Freeman ◽  
A. Luceks ◽  
P. D. Ye
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Quality Indicator ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
New Process ◽  
Catalyst Temperature

The Enersludge™ process converts sewage sludge, biomass and other carbonaceous materials to re-usable fuels. Currently the low grade fuels namely char, reaction water and non-condensed gas are used to drive the process with the oil being classified as surplus fuel. Consequently oil quality is of paramount importance with regard to marketability of the Enersludge™ process. The new process comprises a single reactor followed by a catalyst cartridge to refine oil vapours. Oil quality can be controlled by type of catalyst, temperature and WHSV. Oil viscosity was used as a global oil quality indicator to benchmark the enhanced Enersludge™ process against its reactor predecessors. Oil viscosities as low as 3 cSt can be achieved which is equivalent to a tenfold reductioncompared to previous reactor designs. At the same time energy recovery in the oil has only dropped slightly.

Review on New Process and New Reagent of Copper Oxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1618-1621
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Xiao Dong Jia ◽  
Ya Lin Lu ◽  
Dian Wen Liu ◽  
Xiao Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Research Direction ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Flotation Process ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
New Process ◽  
Copper Ores ◽  
Important Research Direction

The paper briefly analyzes and systematically summarizes flotation process and chemical treatment method of low-grade oxidized copper ores in recent years. The new high-efficient collectors and system of reagent combined usage are developed widely and have become an important research direction of oxidized copper ores.

Application of AHP on the System of Flue Gas Desulfurization and Denitration with Pyrolusite Slurry

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 6404-6408
Author(s):  
Chao Long Wang ◽  
Wei Yi Sun ◽  
Le Luo ◽  
Shi Jun Su
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Electrolytic Manganese ◽  
New Process ◽  
Resource And Environment

Method of using high-sulfur coal and Low-grade pyrolusite to produce manganese is a new process. This article takes advantages of AHP and proposes a new way to research this system. This paper also builds a model of this system in order to compare with the traditional one. It could make readers understand its advantages easily. Meanwhile, this paper use three-scale method to determine the proportion. It could reduce the factor of human speculation in the whole process. So it lays a good foundation to make a reasonable decision. Use AHP to determine the three-scale weight of each index and analysis the pact of this system in respect of social-economic, resource and environment. Finally, it is confirmed that the new technology is superior to the traditional process of producing electrolytic manganese.

Direct Observation of Crystalline Ordering In Naturally Graphitized Carbon Produced by Low Grade Metamorphism

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
Thomas R. McKee ◽  
Peter R. Buseck
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphitized Carbon ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Commercial Carbon ◽  
Metamorphic Zone

Sediments commonly contain organic material which appears as refractory carbonaceous material in metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. Grew and others have shown that relative carbon content, crystallite size, X-ray crystallinity and development of well-ordered graphite crystal structure of the carbonaceous material increases with increasing metamorphic grade. The graphitization process is irreversible and appears to be continous from the amorphous to the completely graphitized stage. The most dramatic chemical and crystallographic changes take place within the chlorite metamorphic zone.The detailed X-ray investigation of crystallite size and crystalline ordering is complex and can best be investigated by other means such as high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The natural graphitization series is similar to that for heat-treated commercial carbon blacks, which have been successfully studied by HRTEM (Ban and others).

Scanning Electron Microscope Study of Bacteria on Mineral Surfaces

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 130-131
Author(s):  
V.K. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Metal Sulfides ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mineral Surfaces ◽  
Mineral Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Study

There are two strains of bacteria viz. Thiobacillus thiooxidansand Thiobacillus ferrooxidanswidely mentioned to play an important role in the leaching process of low-grade ores. Another strain used in this study is a thermophile and is designated Caldariella .These microorganisms are acidophilic chemosynthetic aerobic autotrophs and are capable of oxidizing many metal sulfides and elemental sulfur to sulfates and Fe2+ to Fe3+. The necessity of physical contact or attachment by bacteria to mineral surfaces during oxidation reaction has not been fairly established so far. Temple and Koehler reported that during oxidation of marcasite T. thiooxidanswere found concentrated on mineral surface. Schaeffer, et al. demonstrated that physical contact or attachment is essential for oxidation of sulfur.

TEM/AEM characterization of fine-grained clay minerals in very-low-grade rocks: Evaluation of contamination by empa involving celadonite family minerals

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 694-695
Author(s):  
Gejing Li ◽  
D. R. Peacor ◽  
D. S. Coombs ◽  
Y. Kawachi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Mineral Aggregates

Recent advances in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and analytical electron microscopy (AEM) have led to many new insights into the structural and chemical characteristics of very finegrained, optically homogeneous mineral aggregates in sedimentary and very low-grade metamorphic rocks. Chemical compositions obtained by electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) on such materials have been shown by TEM/AEM to result from beam overlap on contaminant phases on a scale below resolution of EMPA, which in turn can lead to errors in interpretation and determination of formation conditions. Here we present an in-depth analysis of the relation between AEM and EMPA data, which leads also to the definition of new mineral phases, and demonstrate the resolution power of AEM relative to EMPA in investigations of very fine-grained mineral aggregates in sedimentary and very low-grade metamorphic rocks.Celadonite, having end-member composition KMgFe3+Si4O10(OH)2, and with minor substitution of Fe2+ for Mg and Al for Fe3+ on octahedral sites, is a fine-grained mica widespread in volcanic rocks and volcaniclastic sediments which have undergone low-temperature alteration in the oceanic crust and in burial metamorphic sequences.

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