Synthesis of citric acid monohydrate-choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents (DES) and characterization of their physicochemical properties

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) may be considered ‘designer solvents’ due to their numerous structural variations and the possibility of tailoring their physicochemical properties. Prior to their industrial application, characterization of NADES is essential, including determination of their physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity, and antioxidative activity. The most important physicochemical properties of eight prepared NADES (choline chloride:malic acid, proline:malic acid, choline chloride:proline:malic acid, betaine:malic acid, malic acid:glucose, malic acid:glucose:glycerol, choline chloride:citric acid, and betaine:citric acid) were measured as functions of temperature and water content. In general, the structure of prepared NADES greatly influences their physical properties, which could be successfully modified and adjusted by addition of water. All tested NADES were absolutely benign and noncorrosive for investigated steel X6CrNiTi18-10. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of prepared solvents was assessed toward three human cell lines (HEK-293T, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells), and antioxidative activity was measured by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) method. With regard to cell viability, all tested NADES containing carboxylic acid could be classified as practically harmless and considered environmentally safe. The ORAC values indicated that the tested NADES displayed antioxidative activity.

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Desulfurization Performance of Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents in the Presence of Graphene Oxide

Environments ◽

10.3390/environments7110097 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

Chiau Yuan Lim ◽

Mohd Faridzuan Majid ◽

Sarrthesvaarni Rajasuriyan ◽

Hayyiratul Fatimah Mohd Zaid ◽

Khairulazhar Jumbri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Oxidative Desulfurization ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽

Tetraethylene Glycol ◽

Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization ◽

The One ◽

Model Oil

Extractive catalytic oxidative desulfurization (ECODS) is the one of the recent methods used in fuel desulfurization which involved the use of catalyst in the oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel. This study is aimed to test the effectiveness of synthesized choline chloride (ChCl) based deep eutectic solvent (DES) in fuel desulfurization via ECODS method, with the presence of graphene oxide (GO) as catalyst and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant. In this study, 16 DESs based on choline chloride were synthesized using glycerol (GLY), ethylene glycol (EG), tetraethylene glycol (TEG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The characterization of the synthesized DES was carried out via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, density, and viscosity determination. According to the screening result, ChCl-PEG (1:4) was found to be the most effective DES for desulfurization using ECODS method, with a removal of up to 47.4% of sulfur containing compounds in model oil in just 10 min per cycle after the optimization of the reaction parameters, and up to 95% desulfurization efficiency could be achieved by six cycles of desulfurization. It is found that the addition of GO as catalyst does not increase the desulfurization performance drastically; hence, future studies for the desulfurization performance of DESs made up from ChCl and PEG and its derivatives can be done simply by using extraction desulfurization (EDS) method instead of ECODS method, for cost reduction purpose and easier regulation of DES waste into environment.

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Physicochemical Properties of Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents with Polyols: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ◽

10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08288 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (50) ◽

pp. 18712-18728

Author(s):

Krzysztof Biernacki ◽

Hiléia K. S. Souza ◽

Cláudio M. R. Almeida ◽

Alexandre L. Magalhães ◽

Maria Pilar Gonçalves

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Theoretical Investigation ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvents

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Synthesis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Cassava (Manihot utilissima pohl) Peels through Dehydration Reaction using Deep Eutectic Solvent Based on Choline Chloride/Citric Acid

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2021.22374 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 1115-1119

Author(s):

R. Manurung ◽

H. Silalahi ◽

O. Winda ◽

A.G. Siregar

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Reaction Temperature ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽

Cellulose Content ◽

Dehydration Reaction ◽

Reaction Conditions ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Cassava Peel

The high cellulose content in cassava peel has an opportunity to produce bio-based chemical products in 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) form. This study aimed to determine the optimum conditions of glucose dehydration reaction as a result of hydrolysis of the best cassava peel cellulose. The variables observed in this study were H2SO4 catalyst concentrations in the hydrolysis reaction, temperature and amount of deep eutectic solvents based on choline chloride/citric acid. The optimum dehydration reaction conditions in this study was the glucose:deep eutectic solvents mass ratio of 1:6 at the reaction temperature of 80 ºC. The highest yield of 64.50% at an initial glucose concentration of 5.70% using a 1.5% H2SO4 catalyst during the hydrolysis of cassava peel cellulose. The results obtained in this study indicated that addition of choline chloride/citric acid as deep eutectic solvent can increase the yield of 5-HMF.

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Solvometallurgical recovery of cobalt from lithium-ion battery cathode materials using deep-eutectic solvents

Green Chemistry ◽

10.1039/d0gc00940g ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (13) ◽

pp. 4210-4221 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nand Peeters ◽

Koen Binnemans ◽

Sofía Riaño

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Lithium Ion Battery ◽

Cathode Materials ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽

Lithium Cobalt Oxide ◽

Current Collectors ◽

Lithium Cobalt

Solvometallurgical recovery of cobalt from lithium cobalt oxide by using a choline chloride–citric acid deep eutectic solvent (DES) in presence of aluminium and copper current collectors.

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