scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties, Cytotoxicity, and Antioxidative Activity of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Containing Organic Acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamarija Mitar ◽  
Manuela Panić ◽  
Kristina Radošević ◽  
Ivana Radojčić Redovniković ◽  
Kristina Zagajski Kučan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Mcf 7

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) may be considered ‘designer solvents’ due to their numerous structural variations and the possibility of tailoring their physicochemical properties. Prior to their industrial application, characterization of NADES is essential, including determination of their physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity, and antioxidative activity. The most important physicochemical properties of eight prepared NADES (choline chloride:malic acid, proline:malic acid, choline chloride:proline:malic acid, betaine:malic acid, malic acid:glucose, malic acid:glucose:glycerol, choline chloride:citric acid, and betaine:citric acid) were measured as functions of temperature and water content. In general, the structure of prepared NADES greatly influences their physical properties, which could be successfully modified and adjusted by addition of water. All tested NADES were absolutely benign and noncorrosive for investigated steel X6CrNiTi18-10. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of prepared solvents was assessed toward three human cell lines (HEK-293T, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells), and antioxidative activity was measured by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) method. With regard to cell viability, all tested NADES containing carboxylic acid could be classified as practically harmless and considered environmentally safe. The ORAC values indicated that the tested NADES displayed antioxidative activity.

scholarly journals Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4736
Author(s):  
Sylwia Bajkacz ◽  
Kornelia Rusin ◽  
Anna Wolny ◽  
Jakub Adamek ◽  
Karol Erfurt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Efficient Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Extraction Agent

A novel, efficient extraction procedure based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ionic liquids (ILs) for determination of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) in spinach has been developed. NADES, the first green extraction agent, with different hydrogen bond donors and acceptors are screened in order to determine extraction efficiencies. NADES consisting of lactic acid and levulinic acid at a molar ratio of 1:1 exhibits the highest yields. ILs, the second green extraction agent, with various cations and anions are also investigated, where [TEA] [OAc]·AcOH, χAcOH = 0.75 displays the highest recovery. Moreover, NADES-SLE and IL-SLE (SLE, solid-liquid extraction) parameters are investigated. Using the obtained optimized method, the recoveries of the target compound in spinach are above 93% and 88% for NADES-SLE and IL-SLE procedure, respectively. The methods display good linearity within the range of 0.5–30 μg/g and LODs of 0.17 µg/g. The proposed NADES-SLE-UHPLC-UV and IL-SLE-UHPLC-UV procedures can be applied to the analysis of 20-E in real spinach samples, making it a potentially promising technique for food matrix. The main advantage of this study is the superior efficiency of the new, green extraction solvents, which results in a significant reduction of extraction time and solvents as compared to those in the literature.

Modeling the Physicochemical Properties of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

ChemSusChem ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3789-3804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Kovács ◽  
Erik C. Neyts ◽  
Iris Cornet ◽  
Marc Wijnants ◽  
Pieter Billen
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

Thermo-rheological characterization of Malic Acid based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

2020 ◽  
Vol 708 ◽  
pp. 134848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Elhamarnah ◽  
Hazim Qiblawey ◽  
Mustafa S. Nasser ◽  
Abdelbaki Benamor
Keyword(s):  
Malic Acid ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Rheological Characterization ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

High-resolution characterization of zeolites

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 778-779
Author(s):  
R. Gómez-Castillo ◽  
P. Del Angel-Vicente ◽  
J. M. Domínguez-Esquivel
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Resolution Level

Structural variations such as microdefects, symmetry changes and crystalline intergrowths might influence the catalytic and chemisorptive properties of zeolites. Those variations occur at a very local scale, making it that traditional x-ray diffraction techniques are unsuitable to detect them. The alternative methods are high resolution electron microscopy and solid state- NMR.The HREM images obtained in the microscope are influenced by instabilites of the zeolite crystals, beam damage, electronoptical parameters and other dynamical interactions, which add each other to produce a rather complex picture. Thus, the correct interpretation of results requires the determination of pa rameters, i.e. defocus, resolution level, astigmatism, etc.; together with the calculation of images, i.e. through Multislice methods.

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