Reticulocyte and micronucleated reticulocyte responses to gamma irradiation: dose–response and time-course profiles measured by flow cytometry

The current study evaluated both the time course of insulin resistance associated with feeding dogs a high-fat diet and the relationship between the development of insulin resistance and the increase in blood pressure that also occurs. Twelve adult mongrel dogs were chronically instrumented and randomly assigned to either a control diet group (n = 4) or a high-fat diet group (n = 8). Insulin resistance was assessed by a weekly, single-dose (2 mU.kg-1.min-1) euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp on all dogs. Feeding dogs a high-fat diet was associated with a 3.7 +/- 0.5 kg increase in body weight, a 20 +/- 4 mmHg increase in mean blood pressure, a reduction in insulin-mediated glucose uptake [(in mumol-kg-1.min-1) decreasing from 72 +/- 6 before to 49 +/- 7 at 1 wk, 29 +/- 3 at 3 wk, and 30 +/- 2 at 6 wk of the high-fat diet, P < 0.01]. and a reduced insulin-mediated increase in cardiac output. In eight dogs (4 high fat and 4 control), the dose-response relationship of insulin-induced glucose uptake also was studied. The whole body glucose uptake dose-response curve was shifted to the right, and the rate of maximal whole body glucose uptake was significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Finally, we observed a direct relationship between the high-fat diet-induced weekly increase in mean arterial pressure and the degree to which insulin resistance developed. In summary, the current study documents that feeding dogs a high-fat diet causes the rapid development of insulin resistance that is the result of both a reduced sensitivity and a reduced responsiveness to insulin.

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Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Optical Properties of Colloidal Nanocrystals

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1038-o09-05 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1038 ◽

Author(s):

Nathan J Withers ◽

Krishnaprasad Sankar ◽

Brian A. Akins ◽

Tosifa A. Memon ◽

Jiangjiang Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Irradiation Dose ◽

Nanocrystalline Material ◽

Light Output ◽

Colloidal Nanocrystals ◽

Photoluminescence Intensity ◽

Photoluminescence Properties ◽

Material Systems ◽

Dose Radiation

AbstractThe effects of 137Cs gamma irradiation on photoluminescence properties, such as spectra, light output, and lifetime, of several types of colloidal nanocrystals have been investigated. Irradiation-induced damage testing was performed on CdSe/ZnS, LaF3:Eu, LaF3:Ce, ZnO, and PbI2 nanocrystals synthesized on a Schlenk line using appropriate solvents and precursors. Optical degradation of the nanocrystals was evaluated based on the measured dependence of their photoluminescence intensity on the irradiation dose. Radiation hardness varies significantly between various nanocrystalline material systems.

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rhIGF-I Enhances Functional Recovery from Sciatic Crush Time-Course and Dose-Response Study

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26245.x ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 692 (1 The Role of I) ◽

pp. 314-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

PATRICIA C. CONTRERAS ◽

CATHY STEFFLER ◽

JEFFRY L. VAUGHT

Keyword(s):

Functional Recovery ◽

Dose Response ◽

Time Course ◽

Dose Response Study

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Rat uterine microbiochemistry: metabolic enzyme activities stimulated by 17-beta-estradiol are localized in epithelial cells.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/35.6.3571958 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 657-662 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J P Holt ◽

E Rhe

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Smooth Muscle ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Dose Response ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Time Course ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Similar Response ◽

Estradiol Treatment

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; EC 1.1.1.27), citrate synthase (CS; EC 4.1.3.7), and beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (beta-OH-acyl-CoA-DH; EC 1.1.1.35) activities were determined in each of the three major cell types of rat uterus, i.e., epithelial, stromal, and smooth muscle, using quantitative microanalytical techniques. Adult ovariectomized rats were treated with 17-beta-estradiol to determine the time course and dose response (0.025-50 micrograms/300-g rat) effect of estrogen on enzyme activity of each type of uterine cell. The use of "oil well" and enzyme-cycling microtechniques to determine the time course and the dose responses of enzyme activity changes required microassays involving 1595 microdissected single cell specimens. Estradiol treatment increased epithelial LDH, CS and beta-OH-acyl-CoA-DH activity but had no effect on these enzymes in the stroma or in smooth muscle cells. The estradiol-stimulated peak enzyme activities on Day 4 in the intervention group are compared with those in the ovariectomized rat controls as follows: LDH, 44.5 +/- 3.5 vs 22.3 +/- 3.9; CS, 3.5 +/- 0.2 vs 1.5 +/- 0.6; beta-OH-acyl-CoA-H, 3.5 +/- 0.32 vs 2.2 +/- 0.2 (mean +/- standard deviation; mol/kg/hr). Stromal cell activities (LDH, 7.4 +/- 1.0; CS, 1.2 +/- 0.2; beta-OH-acyl-CoA-DH, 0.9 +/- 0.1) were significantly lower than epithelial cell levels and were similar to smooth muscle levels. Therefore, even in the ovariectomized animal epithelial cells have markedly higher metabolic activity compared with adjacent cells. The enzyme activities are expressed as moles of substrate reacting per kilogram of dry weight per hour. All three enzymes exhibited a 17-beta-estradiol-induced dose response between 0.025-0.15 micrograms/300-g rat. The three enzymes studied all had similar response patterns to estrogen. The effect of estradiol was restricted to epithelial cells, with enzyme activities increasing to maximal levels after approximately 96 hr of hormone treatment. This study therefore not only confirms the specific and differential metabolic responses of uterine cells to estradiol treatment, but clearly demonstrates that marked metabolic differences exist between epithelial cells and stromal or smooth muscle uterine cells.

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X-ray diffraction and thermodynamics kinetics of SiB6 under gamma irradiation dose

Silicon ◽

10.1007/s12633-018-0039-2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 2499-2504 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M. N. Mirzayev ◽

S. H. Jabarov ◽

E. B. Asgerov ◽

R. N. Mehdiyeva ◽

T. T. Thabethe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Irradiation Dose ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Kinetics Of

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Gene selection and clustering for time-course and dose-response microarray experiments using order-restricted inference

Bioinformatics ◽

10.1093/bioinformatics/btg093 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 834-841 ◽

Cited By ~ 136

Author(s):

S. D. Peddada ◽

E. K. Lobenhofer ◽

L. Li ◽

C. A. Afshari ◽

C. R. Weinberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dose Response ◽

Time Course ◽

Gene Selection ◽

Order Restricted Inference ◽

Microarray Experiments ◽

Order Restricted

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Determination an empirical relation for the bulk etch rate of CR-39 with etching time and gamma irradiation dose

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ◽

10.33899/edusj.2010.58256 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 120-130

Author(s):

Yasir Yahya Kasim

Keyword(s):

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Etch Rate ◽

Irradiation Dose ◽

Empirical Relation ◽

Etching Time ◽

Bulk Etch Rate

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Study on the immuno stimulation of radiation degraded β-glucan in swiss mice

Nuclear Science and Technology ◽

10.53747/jnst.v5i4.201 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 9-15

Author(s):

Thanh Long Nguyen ◽

Quang Luan Le

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Immune System ◽

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

Irradiation Dose ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Swiss Mice ◽

Stimulation Of

The mixtures β-glucan extracted from the yeast cell wall were irradiated under gamma rays from a Co-60 source at doses of 100, 200 and 300 kGy in order to prepare water-soluble β-glucan. Yields of the water soluble β-glucan produced are 25.9, 49.1, 66.71%, and their molecular weights (Mw) are 30.5, 24.9 and 10.8 kDa, respectively. There are no any new peak in the IR spectra of the irradiated β-glucan samples, but the intensity ratio between the peaks at wavenumber of 1156 cm-1 (assigned to C-O-C bond) and of 1040 cm-1 (assigned to C-C bond) in glycosidic linkages was reduced with irradiation dose. These results revealed that gamma irradiation did not cause any change in the β-glucan structure except the scissions of glycosidic linkages. In this study, immuno stimulation of the irradiated b-glucan was also investigated for the Swiss mice. After 28 days supplying with the irradiated b-glucan, not only cellular indexes (white blood cell, neutrophils and lymphocytes counts), but also humoral immunity indexes (IgA and IgM) of the mice significantly increased and the highest effects was obtained for the mice supplied with the oligoβ-glucan prepared by gamma irradiation at 200 kGy. Thus, the water soluble oligoβ-glucan with Mw ~ 24.9 kDa prepared by gamma radiation much stimulated the natural immune system (non-specific immunity) in mice including both the cellular and humoral immunities. Particularly, the irradiated b-glucan is a very promising product for preparation of functional foods aiming at cancer prevention.

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