Study on the immuno stimulation of radiation degraded β-glucan in swiss mice

The mixtures β-glucan extracted from the yeast cell wall were irradiated under gamma rays from a Co-60 source at doses of 100, 200 and 300 kGy in order to prepare water-soluble β-glucan. Yields of the water soluble β-glucan produced are 25.9, 49.1, 66.71%, and their molecular weights (Mw) are 30.5, 24.9 and 10.8 kDa, respectively. There are no any new peak in the IR spectra of the irradiated β-glucan samples, but the intensity ratio between the peaks at wavenumber of 1156 cm-1 (assigned to C-O-C bond) and of 1040 cm-1 (assigned to C-C bond) in glycosidic linkages was reduced with irradiation dose. These results revealed that gamma irradiation did not cause any change in the β-glucan structure except the scissions of glycosidic linkages. In this study, immuno stimulation of the irradiated b-glucan was also investigated for the Swiss mice. After 28 days supplying with the irradiated b-glucan, not only cellular indexes (white blood cell, neutrophils and lymphocytes counts), but also humoral immunity indexes (IgA and IgM) of the mice significantly increased and the highest effects was obtained for the mice supplied with the oligoβ-glucan prepared by gamma irradiation at 200 kGy. Thus, the water soluble oligoβ-glucan with Mw ~ 24.9 kDa prepared by gamma radiation much stimulated the natural immune system (non-specific immunity) in mice including both the cellular and humoral immunities. Particularly, the irradiated b-glucan is a very promising product for preparation of functional foods aiming at cancer prevention.

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The therapeutic use of symbiotics

ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo) ◽

10.1590/s0102-67202014000300012 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 206-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Aline Gamarra Taborda FLESCH ◽

Aline Kirjner POZIOMYCK ◽

Daniel De Carvalho DAMIN

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Intestinal Flora ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Multiplicative Factor ◽

Individual Actions ◽

Reduced Risk ◽

Stimulation Of

INTRODUCTION: Functional foods are health promoters and their use is associated with reduced risk of chronic degenerative and non-transmissible diseases. Examples are symbiotic. The association of one (or more) probiotic with a one (or more) prebiotic is called symbiotic, being the prebiotics complementary and probiotics synergistic, thus presenting a multiplicative factor on their individual actions. OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidences on the benefits of the use of symbiotics in the treatment of clinical and surgical situations. METHODS: The headings symbiotic, probiotic and prebiotic were searched in Pubmed/Medline in the last 15 years, and were selected 25 articles, used for database. RESULTS: The use of symbiotic may promote an increase in the number of bifidobacteria, glycemic control, reduction of blood cholesterol, balancing the intestinal flora which aids in reducing constipation and/or diarrhea, improves intestinal permeability and stimulation of the immune system. Clinical indications for these products has been expanded, in order to maximize the individual's physiological functions to provide greater. So, with the high interest in the clinical and nutritional control of disease, many studies have been conducted demonstrating the effectiveness of using symbiotic in improving and/or preventing various and/or symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases. CONCLUSION: Symbiotic behave differently and positively in various pathological situations.

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Stimulation of ethylene production by a cell wall component from mature green tomato fruit

Physiologia Plantarum ◽

10.1034/j.1399-3054.1990.800402.x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 80 (4) ◽

pp. 500-506 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cindy B. S. Tong ◽

Kenneth C. Gross

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Ethylene Production ◽

Tomato Fruit ◽

Cell Wall Component ◽

A Cell ◽

Stimulation Of

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ANALISA KANDUNGAN BETA-GLUKAN LARUT AIR DAN LARUT ALKALI DARI TUBUH BUAH JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus ostreatus) DAN SHIITAKE (Lentinus edodes)

Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia ◽

10.29122/jsti.v13i3.894 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Netty Widyastuti ◽

Teguh Baruji ◽

Henky Isnawan ◽

Priyo Wahyudi ◽

Donowati Donowati

Keyword(s):

Molecular Structure ◽

Molecular Weight ◽

Immune System ◽

Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Lentinus Edodes ◽

Beta Glucan ◽

Oyster Mushrooms ◽

The Difference

Beta glucan is a polysaccharide compound, generally not soluble inwater and resistant to acid. Beta glucan is used as an immunomodulator (enhancing the immune system) in mammals is usually a beta-glucan soluble in water, easily absorbed and has a low molecular weight. Several example of beta-glucan such as cellulose (β-1 ,4-glucan), lentinan (β-1 0.6-glucan) and (β-1 ,3-glucan), pleuran (β-1, 6 and β-1 ,3-glucan) are isolated from species of fungi Basidiomycota include mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes).The purpose of thisresearch activity is to obtain beta-glucan compound that can be dissolved in water and in alkali derived from fungi Basidiomycota, i.e, Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes). The result of beta-glucan compared to characterize the resulting beta glucan that is molecular structure . The difference of beta glucan extraction is based on the differences in solubility of beta-glucan. Beta glucan could be water soluble and insoluble water.

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Functional Food for the Stimulation of the Immune System Against Malaria

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins ◽

10.1007/s12602-021-09780-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Timothy Bamgbose ◽

Anupkumar R. Anvikar ◽

Pilar Alberdi ◽

Isa O. Abdullahi ◽

Helen I. Inabo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Functional Food ◽

Stimulation Of

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Semi-Crystalline Hydrophobic Polyamidoamines: A New Family of Technological Materials?

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13071018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1018

Author(s):

Massimo Marcioni ◽

Jenny Alongi ◽

Elisabetta Ranucci ◽

Mario Malinconico ◽

Paola Laurienzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maximum Stress ◽

Water Resistance ◽

Prolonged Exposure ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Synthesis And Characterization ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

New Family ◽

Methylene Groups ◽

Methane Flame

The hitherto known polyamidoamines (PAAs) are not suitable as structural materials because they are usually water-soluble or swellable in water. This paper deals with the synthesis and characterization of semi-crystalline hydrophobic PAAs (H-PAAs) by combining different bis-sec-amines with bis-acrylamides obtained from C6–C12 bis-prim-amines. H-PAAs were initially obtained in a solution of benzyl alcohol, a solvent suitable for both monomers and polymers. Their number average molecular weights, M¯n, which were determined with 1H-NMR by evaluating the percentage of their terminal units, varied from 6000 to >10,000. The solubility, thermal properties, ignitability and water resistance of H-PAAs were determined. They were soluble in organic solvents, semi-crystalline and thermally stable. The most promising ones were also prepared using a bulk process, which has never been previously reported for PAA synthesis. In the form of films, these H-PAAs were apparently unaffected by water. The films underwent tensile and wettability tests. They showed similar Young moduli (260–263 MPa), whereas the maximum stress and the stress at break depended on the number of methylene groups of the starting bis-acrylamides. Their wettability was somewhat higher than that of common Nylons. Interestingly, none of the H-PAAs considered, either as films or powders, ignited after prolonged exposure to a methane flame.

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Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Optical Properties of Colloidal Nanocrystals

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1038-o09-05 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1038 ◽

Author(s):

Nathan J Withers ◽

Krishnaprasad Sankar ◽

Brian A. Akins ◽

Tosifa A. Memon ◽

Jiangjiang Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Irradiation Dose ◽

Nanocrystalline Material ◽

Light Output ◽

Colloidal Nanocrystals ◽

Photoluminescence Intensity ◽

Photoluminescence Properties ◽

Material Systems ◽

Dose Radiation

AbstractThe effects of 137Cs gamma irradiation on photoluminescence properties, such as spectra, light output, and lifetime, of several types of colloidal nanocrystals have been investigated. Irradiation-induced damage testing was performed on CdSe/ZnS, LaF3:Eu, LaF3:Ce, ZnO, and PbI2 nanocrystals synthesized on a Schlenk line using appropriate solvents and precursors. Optical degradation of the nanocrystals was evaluated based on the measured dependence of their photoluminescence intensity on the irradiation dose. Radiation hardness varies significantly between various nanocrystalline material systems.

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The biological activity of glucagon–phospholipid complexes

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/o83-087 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 61 (7) ◽

pp. 688-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. J. Liepnieks ◽

P. Stoskopf ◽

E. A. Carrey ◽

C. Prosser ◽

R. M. Epand

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Adenylate Cyclase ◽

Plasma Membranes ◽

Bovine Brain ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidylcholine ◽

Dimyristoyl Phosphatidylcholine ◽

Lipoprotein Complex ◽

Stimulation Of

Glucagon can form water-soluble complexes with phospholipids. The incorporation of glucagon into these lipoprotein particles reduces the biological activity of the hormone. The effect is observed only at temperatures below the phase transition temperature of the phospholipid and results in a decreased stimulation of the adenylate cyclase of rat liver plasma membranes by the lipoprotein complex as compared with the hormone in free solution. Two- to five-fold higher concentrations of glucagon are required for half-maximal stimulation of adenylate cyclase when the hormone is complexed with dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, or bovine brain sphingomyelin. A possible role of lipoprotein-associated hormones in the development of insulin resistance is discussed.

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Influences of Molecular Weights on Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Collagen-Alginate Scaffolds

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19020085 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 85 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Truc Cong Ho ◽

Jin-Seok Park ◽

Sung-Yeoul Kim ◽

Hoyeol Lee ◽

Ju-Sop Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Subcritical Water ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Ethanol Solution ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

High Porosity ◽

Engineering Applications ◽

Molecular Weights

For tissue engineering applications, biodegradable scaffolds containing high molecular weights (MW) of collagen and sodium alginate have been developed and characterized. However, the properties of low MW collagen-based scaffolds have not been studied in previous research. This work examined the distinctive properties of low MW collagen-based scaffolds with alginate unmodified and modified by subcritical water. Besides, we developed a facile method to cross-link water-soluble scaffolds using glutaraldehyde in an aqueous ethanol solution. The prepared cross-linked scaffolds showed good structural properties with high porosity (~93%) and high cross-linking degree (50–60%). Compared with collagen (6000 Da)-based scaffolds, collagen (25,000 Da)-based scaffolds exhibited higher stability against collagenase degradation and lower weight loss in phosphate buffer pH 7.4. Collagen (25,000 Da)-based scaffolds with modified alginate tended to improve antioxidant capacity compared with scaffolds containing unmodified alginate. Interestingly, in vitro coagulant activity assay demonstrated that collagen (25,000 Da)-based scaffolds with modified alginate (C25-A63 and C25-A21) significantly reduced the clotting time of human plasma compared with scaffolds consisting of unmodified alginate. Although some further investigations need to be done, collagen (25,000 Da)-based scaffolds with modified alginate should be considered as a potential candidate for tissue engineering applications.

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FRACTIONATION OF LIVETIN AND THE MOLECULAR WEIGHTS OF THE α- AND β-COMPONENTS

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/o57-031 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 241-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

W. G. Martin ◽

J. E. Vandegaer ◽

W. H. Cook

Keyword(s):

Light Scattering ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

Soluble Fraction ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Water Soluble Fraction ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Water Soluble Protein ◽

Hen Egg Yolk ◽

Hen Egg

Livetin, the major water-soluble protein of hen egg yolk, was found to contain three major components having mobilities of −6.3, −3.8, and −2.1 cm.2 sec.−1 volt−1 at pH 8, µ 0.1, and these have been designated α-, β-, and γ-livetin respectively. The α- and β-livetins were separated and purified electrophoretically after removal of γ-livetin by precipitation from 37% saturated ammonium sulphate or 20% isopropanol. The α-, β-, and mixed livetins resembled pseudoglobulins in solubility but γ-livetin was unstable and this loss of solubility has, so far, prevented its characterization. Molecular weights determined by light scattering, osmotic pressure, and Archibald sedimentation procedure yielded respectively: 8.7, 7.8, and 6.7 × 104 for α-livetin, and 4.8, 5.0, and4.5 × 104 for β-livetin. Under suitable conditions of sedimentation and electrophoresis, egg yolk has been shown to contain three components having the same behavior as the three livetins of the water-soluble fraction.

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