The role of action potential shape and parameter constraints in optimization of compartment models

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 1053-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Weaver ◽  
Susan L. Wearne
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Compartment Models ◽  
Potential Shape ◽  
Action Potential Shape ◽  
Parameter Constraints

The Yin and Yang of BK Channels in Epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudan Zhu ◽  
Shuzhang Zhang ◽  
Yijun Feng ◽  
Qian Xiao ◽  
Jiwei Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Bk Channels ◽  
Bk Channel ◽  
Potential Shape ◽  
Yin And Yang ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Action Potential Shape ◽  
Excitability Of Neurons

Background & Objective: The large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channel, extensively distributed in the central nervous system (CNS), is considered as a vital player in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, with evidence implicating derangement of K+ as well as regulating action potential shape and duration. However, unlike other channels implicated in epilepsy whose function in neurons could clearly be labeled “excitatory” or “inhibitory”, the unique physiological behavior of the BK channel allows it to both augment and decrease the excitability of neurons. Thus, the role of BK in epilepsy is controversial so far, and a growing area of intense investigation. Conclusion: Here, this review aims to highlight recent discoveries on the dichotomous role of BK channels in epilepsy, focusing on relevant BK-dependent pro- as well as antiepileptic pathways, and discuss the potential of BK specific modulators for the treatment of epilepsy.

scholarly journals Action Potential Shape Differences Set Species-Dependent β-Adrenergic-Stimulation Response

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 119a
Author(s):  
Luca Sala ◽  
Bence Hegyi ◽  
Chiara Bartolucci ◽  
Claudia Altomare ◽  
Marcella Rocchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Potential Shape ◽  
Action Potential Shape

Effects of chlorobutanol and bradykinin on myocardial excitation

1976 ◽  
Vol 230 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Hermsmeyer ◽  
O Aprigliano
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Negative Inotropic Effect ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Ventricular Muscle ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Myocardial Cells ◽  
Potential Shape ◽  
Action Potential Shape ◽  
Conduction Failure

The negative inotropic effect of a commonly used formulation of bradykinin (Sandoz BRS-640) was found to be due to chlorobutanol, a constituent of the preparation. Solutions containing up to 100 mug of crystalline bradykinin/ml had no effect on tension or action-potential shape. Chlorobutanol (500 mug/ml) caused a 30% decrease in contraction amplitude and a 20% increase in action-potential duration. Chlorobutanol lowered conduction velocity and induced conduction failure and automaticity within isolated ventricular muscle strips. Chlorobutanol affected neither positive nor negative treppe. We conclude that bradykinin has no direct action on toad, frog, or rat myocardium. However, chlorobutanol does have direct effects on myocardial cells, acting on the cell membrane and decreasing isometric tension produced by the heart.

Hyperexcitability of Cultured Spinal Motoneurons From Presymptomatic ALS Mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 571-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J. Kuo ◽  
Martijn Schonewille ◽  
Teepu Siddique ◽  
Annet N. A. Schults ◽  
Ronggen Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Firing Frequency ◽  
Resting Potential ◽  
Spinal Motoneurons ◽  
Electrophysiological Properties ◽  
Potential Shape ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Action Potential Shape ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) is an adult-onset and deadly neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive and selective loss of motoneurons. Transgenic mice overexpressing a mutated human gene (G93A) coding for the enzyme SOD1 (Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase) develop a motoneuron disease resembling ALS in humans. In this generally accepted ALS model, we tested the electrophysiological properties of individual embryonic and neonatal spinal motoneurons in culture by measuring a wide range of electrical properties influencing motoneuron excitability during current clamp. There were no differences in the motoneuron resting potential, input conductance, action potential shape, or afterhyperpolarization between G93A and control motoneurons. The relationship between the motoneuron's firing frequency and injected current (f-I relation) was altered. The slope of the f-I relation and the maximal firing rate of the G93A motoneurons were much greater than in the control motoneurons. Differences in spontaneous synaptic input were excluded as a cause of increased excitability. This finding identifies a markedly elevated intrinsic electrical excitability in cultured embryonic and neonatal mutant G93A spinal motoneurons. We conclude that the observed intrinsic motoneuron hyperexcitability is induced by the SOD1 toxic gain-of-function through an aberration in the process of action potential generation. This hyperexcitability may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ALS as the motoneurons were cultured from presymptomatic mice.

scholarly journals Action Potential Shape Is a Crucial Measure of Cell Type of Stem Cell-Derived Cardiocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenna C.L. Bett ◽  
Aaron D. Kaplan ◽  
Randall L. Rasmusson
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Action Potential ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Potential Shape ◽  
Action Potential Shape
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