Eye-hand coordination when the body moves: Dynamic egocentric and exocentric sensory encoding

2012 ◽  
Vol 513 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Tagliabue ◽  
Joseph McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Sensory Encoding

Touching tacit knowledge: handwork as ethnographic method in a glassblowing studio

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Proximal Term

This article draws from an enacted ethnography conducted over four years in a glassblowing studio, where I immersed myself in the learning process to become a glassblower. Specifically, it uses the visceral ethnographic experience of handwork in glassblowing to unpack the micro-meanings of hand coordination and examine Michael Polanyi’s theory of tacit knowledge ‘from the body’ (Ingold, 2000; Pink, 2009; Wacquant, 2015: 5). Methodologically, handwork is the ‘point of production’ by which to reflect upon Polanyi’s analytical concepts (Wacquant, 2015: 5). Broadly engaging anthropology’s study of the relation of gesture and form both within and outside of glassblowing studios and the sociology of skill, this analysis brings the body’s embedded experience and constitutive power to bear on analyses of tacit knowledge to reveal how handwork is itself constitutive of form and meaning (Atkinson, 2013b; Harper, 1987; Keller and Keller, 1996; Malafourius, 2008; Marchand, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2001; Sudnow, 1978). It also grounds a reinterpretation of the proximal term in Polanyi’s theory of tacit knowledge.

Effects of Occupational Exposure to Inorganic Lead on Neuromuscular Functioning

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
John D. Repko ◽  
John A. Nicholson ◽  
Ben B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
The Body ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Inorganic Lead ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Neuromuscular Functioning

In an investigation of the behavioral effects of Occupational Exposure to lead, nineteen measures of neuromuscular performance and five measures of the body burden of lead were obtained from 316 experimental and 112 control subjects. The experimental subjects were volunteers from among workers exposed to inorganic lead at their jobs in three storage (lead-acid) battery manufacturing companies; the controls were volunteers from companies involved in other various types of light manufacturing. The relationships among the measures of neuromuscular functioning and body burden of lead were determined through the use of correlation and multiple-regression analyses. The results of these analyses suggest that functional capacity decreased in terms of tremor and eye-hand coordination but increased in terms of muscular strength. In addition, the data suggest that these changes occur on the preferred side and at blood-lead levels between 70 and 79 micrograms per cent.

scholarly journals Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Melalui Media Plastisin 3 Dimensi pada Kelompok B TK Dharma Wanita 1 Mojotengah Kecamatan Kedu Kabupaten Temanggung Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
Sumirah Sumirah
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
The Body ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fine Motor Skills ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Group B ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Collection Methods

Fine motor skills are abilities that involve certain parts of the body and use a group of small muscles such as using the fingers and wrist movements which often require precise eye and hand coordination such as writing, drawing, holding things with the thumb and forefinger , and others. The problem that occurs so that this classroom action research is held is the low fine motor skills of the Group B children TK Dharma Wanita 1 Mojotengah. The objectives of this study are: 1) To find out that through 3-dimensional plasticine media can improve the fine motor skills of Group B children TK Dharma Wanita 1 Mojotengah Kedu Temanggung Semester I Academic Year 2017/2018, 2) To determine the magnitude of the increase in fine motor skills of children through 3-dimensional plasticine media in Group B children TK Dharma Wanita 1 Mojotengah Kedu Temanggung Semester I Academic Year 2017/2018. The subjects of this study were 13 students of Group B TK Dharma Wanita 1 Mojotengah. The research was conducted in November 2017. The data collection methods used were observation, documentation and interviews. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that through learning activities using 3-dimensional plasticine media, the fine motor skills of Group B children TK Dharma Wanita 1 Mojotengah can be improved. This can be proven by an increase in the child's fine motor skills from before the action or pre-cycle only 15.4%, Cycle I reached 46.1% and Cycle II reached 84.6%. Therefore, efforts to improve the fine motor skills of the children in Group B TK Dharma Wanita 1 Mojotengah can be said to be successful because they have met the predetermined maximum percentage, namely 80%, marked by skill and neatness in making shapes, the ability of children to add other forms to existing forms, composition. or a proportional and attractive shape.

scholarly journals Eye-hand coordination during online reach corrections is task-dependent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk J. de Brouwer ◽  
Miriam Spering
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Double Step ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Visual Characteristics

AbstractTo maintain accurate movements, the motor system needs to deal with errors that can occur due to inherent noise, changes in the body, or disturbances in the environment. Here, we investigated the temporal coordination of rapid corrections of the eye and hand in response to a change in visual target location during the movement. In addition to a ‘classic’ double-step task in which the target stepped to a new position, participants performed a set of modified double-step tasks in which the change in movement goal was indicated by the appearance of an additional target, or by a spatial or symbolic cue. We found that both the absolute correction latencies of the eye and hand and the relative eye-hand correction latencies were dependent on the visual characteristics of the target change, with increasingly longer latencies in tasks that required more visual and cognitive processing. Typically, the hand started correcting slightly earlier than the eye, especially when the target change was indicated by a symbolic cue, and in conditions where visual feedback of the hand position was provided during the reach. Our results indicate that the oculomotor and limb-motor system can be differentially influenced by processing requirements of the task and emphasize that temporal eye-hand coordination is flexible rather than rigid.

Coordination of a step with a reach

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Daghestani ◽  
John H. Anderson ◽  
Martha Flanders
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Hand Coordination ◽  
Spatial Positioning ◽  
Target Locations

Although natural reaching behavior can easily include forward body movement, most laboratory studies of reaching have constrained the body to be stationary. Recently, however, it has been shown that normal subjects exhibit a different pattern of errors when attempting to pinpoint remembered target locations, depending on whether or not the reach includes a step. In the study of Flanders et al. [1], these errors appeared to be due to the strategy of eye/head/hand coordination which normally comes into play when the body is moving toward the target. Since the spatial positioning of the head was found to partially explain the errors in hand placement, the present study examined the movements of patients with bilateral vestibular deficits in order to further analyze the whole-body coordination. Somewhat surprisingly, the patients exhibited the same pattern of head movement and the same errors in hand placement as did the control subjects. Nevertheless, the patients' movements clearly exhibited evidence for an abnormal decomposition of elbow extension and trunk rotation. Furthermore the patients' (spatial) hand paths were significantly more curved than those of control subjects and, only in the patients, paths to remembered targets were significantly more curved than paths to visible targets. Thus for movements to remembered targets, the patients tended to move the hand to the same incorrect spatial positions as control subjects but spatiotemporal aspects of the arm and body movement differed. The results are consistent with the idea that vestibular patients are overly dependent upon visual cues, and support the hypothesis that this stepping and reaching behavior is largely dependent upon a visual reference signal.

Representing utility and deploying the body

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Spurrett
Keyword(s):  
Functional Activity ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
The Body ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
The Many

Abstract Comprehensive accounts of resource-rational attempts to maximise utility shouldn't ignore the demands of constructing utility representations. This can be onerous when, as in humans, there are many rewarding modalities. Another thing best not ignored is the processing demands of making functional activity out of the many degrees of freedom of a body. The target article is almost silent on both.

Neuron-glia relationship during the early postembryonic development of the nervous system in some oligochaetes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
Wiktor Djaczenko ◽  
Carmen Calenda Cimmino
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tubifex Tubifex ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes

The simplicity of the developing nervous system of oligochaetes makes of it an excellent model for the study of the relationships between glia and neurons. In the present communication we describe the relationships between glia and neurons in the early periods of post-embryonic development in some species of oligochaetes.Tubifex tubifex (Mull. ) and Octolasium complanatum (Dugès) specimens starting from 0. 3 mm of body length were collected from laboratory cultures divided into three groups each group fixed separately by one of the following methods: (a) 4% glutaraldehyde and 1% acrolein fixation followed by osmium tetroxide, (b) TAPO technique, (c) ruthenium red method.Our observations concern the early period of the postembryonic development of the nervous system in oligochaetes. During this period neurons occupy fixed positions in the body the only observable change being the increase in volume of their perikaryons. Perikaryons of glial cells were located at some distance from neurons. Long cytoplasmic processes of glial cells tended to approach the neurons. The superimposed contours of glial cell processes designed from electron micrographs, taken at the same magnification, typical for five successive growth stages of the nervous system of Octolasium complanatum are shown in Fig. 1. Neuron is designed symbolically to facilitate the understanding of the kinetics of the growth process.

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