Anticipation of magnetic and electrical stimuli does not impair maximal voluntary force production

2016 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. 128-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Peyrard ◽  
Paul Sawh ◽  
Selina Fan ◽  
John Temesi ◽  
Guillaume Y. Millet
Keyword(s):  
Force Production ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Force ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

Finger Coordination and Bilateral Deficit during Two-Hand Force Production Tasks Performed by Right-Handed Subjects

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Li ◽  
Frederic Danion ◽  
Mark L. Latash ◽  
Zong-Ming Li ◽  
Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky
Keyword(s):  
Force Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bilateral Deficit ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Force ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Hand Force ◽  
Bilateral Effects ◽  
The Right

One purpose of the present study was to compare indices of finger coordination during force production by the fingers of the right hand and of the left hand. The other purpose was to study the relation between the phenomena of force deficit during multifinger one-hand tasks and of bilateral force deficit during two-hand tasks. Thirteen healthy right-handed subjects performed maximal voluntary force production tasks with different finger combinations involving fingers of one hand or of both hands together. Fingers of the left hand demonstrated lower peak forces, higher indices of finger enslaving, and similar indices of force deficit. Significant bilateral effects during force production by fingers of both hands acting in parallel were seen only during tasks involving different fingers or finger groups in the two hands (asymmetrical tasks). The bilateral deficit effects were more pronounced in the hand whose fingers generated higher forces. These findings suggest a generalization of an earlier introduced principle of minimization of secondary moments. They also may be interpreted as suggesting that bilateral force deficit is task-specific and may reflect certain optimization principles.

Individualized isometric neuromuscular electrical stimulation training promotes myonuclear accretion in mouse skeletal muscle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliki Zavoriti ◽  
Aurélie Fessard ◽  
Masoud Rahmati ◽  
Peggy Del Carmine ◽  
Bénédicte Chazaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Muscle Stem Cells ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

Skeletal muscle is a plastic tissue that adapts to exercise through fusion of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) with myofibers, a physiological process referred to as myonuclear accretion. However, it is still unclear whether myonuclear accretion is driven by increased mechanical loading per se , or occurs, at least in part, in response to exercise-induced muscle injury. Here, we developed a carefully monitored and individualized neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) training protocol of the mouse plantar flexor muscles. Each NMES training session consisted of 80 isometric contractions at a submaximal mechanical intensity corresponding to ≈15% of maximal tetanic force to avoid muscle damage. NMES trained mice were stimulated for 2 × 3 consecutive days separated by one day of rest, for a total of 6 sessions. Experiments were conducted on C57BL/6J and BALB/c males at 10-12 weeks of age. NMES led to a robust myonuclear accretion and higher MuSC content in gastrocnemius muscle of both mouse lines, without overt signs of muscle damage/regeneration or muscle hypertrophy or force improvement. This new mouse model of myonuclear accretion relying on the main function of skeletal muscles, i.e., force production in response to electrical stimuli, will be of utmost interest to further understand the role of MuSCs in skeletal muscle adaptations.

scholarly journals Shouting Strengthens Maximal Voluntary Force with Pupillary Dilation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudai Takarada ◽  
Daichi Nozaki
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Size ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Silent Period ◽  
System State ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Force

Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that human maximal voluntary force is generally limited by neural inhibition. Indeed, producing a shout during maximal exertion efforts enhances the force levels of maximum voluntary contractions. However, the mechanisms underlying this enhancing effect of force production remain unknown. We investigated the influence of a shout on the pupil-linked neuromodulatory system state by examining pupil size. We also examined its effect on the motor system state by examining motor evoked potentials in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation applied over the contralateral primary motor cortex, and by evaluating the handgrip maximal voluntary force. Analysis showed that a shout significantly increased the handgrip maximal voluntary force, followed by an increase in pupil size and a reduction of the cortical silent period. Our results indicate that a shout can increase handgrip maximal voluntary force through the enhancement of motor cortical excitability, possibly via the enhancement of noradrenergic system activity. This study provides evidence that the muscular force-enhancing effect of a shout during maximal force exertion is related to both the motor system state and the pupil-linked neuromodulatory system state.

Effect of the speed of taekwondo kick execution on the muscular force production, obtained by biomechanical modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Pedro Vieira Sarmet Moreira ◽  
◽  
Kristy Alejandra Godoy Jaimes ◽  
Luciano Luporini Menegaldo ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Force Production ◽  
Biomechanical Modeling ◽  
Muscular Force

ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID: PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(72) (1) ◽  
pp. 197-219
Author(s):  
I. V. Cheretaev ◽  
D. R. Khusainov ◽  
E. N. Chuyan ◽  
M. Yu. Ravaeva ◽  
A. N. Gusev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Thermal Pain ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

The purpose of the review is to summarize current literature data and the results of our own research on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of acetylsalicylic acid, as well as the physiological mechanisms underlying them. This acid is the most studied reference representative of salicylates, which is convenient to consider the physiological effects characteristic in general for this group of chemical and medicinal products. Acetylsalicylic acid has analgesic properties against thermal pain and pain caused by electrical stimuli, as well as a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. The realization of these properties depends on the peculiarities of aspirin metabolism in the body, ion and synaptic mechanisms for controlling the functional state of the cell, neurotransmitter systems of the сentral nervous system, and mechanisms of peripheral and сentral analgesia. Analgesic properties of acetylsalicylic acid founded not only in normal, but also in ultra-small doses. Various physical and especially chemical factors significantly change their effects. This increases the interest in studying the analgesic activity of salicylates and their physiological mechanisms, since such studies can serve as a basis for creating new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with low toxicity and high safety for patients, and improve the strategy of their practical use. Currently, the most detailed study of the physiological mechanism of analgesic and anti-inflammatory action of aspirin and its main metabolite – salicylic acid. However, it should be note that despite the abundance of existing data obtained in scientific studies of the effects of aspirin and its practical use, there are a number of unexplained aspects of the action of this drug, the mechanism of which has not yet been deciphered. The continuing interest in the effects and mechanisms of action of this drug and in connection with the expansion of its use evidenced by a consistently high number of scientific publications on aspirin in the most famous foreign and domestic publications. At the same time, the number of publications about aspirin is an order of magnitude higher than about any other drug known to humanity.

scholarly journals The Influence of Stretching the Hip Flexor Muscles on Performance Parameters. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1936
Author(s):  
Andreas Konrad ◽  
Richard Močnik ◽  
Sylvia Titze ◽  
Masatoshi Nakamura ◽  
Markus Tilp
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Hip Flexor

The hip flexor muscles are major contributors to lumbar spine stability. Tight hip flexors can lead to pain in the lumbar spine, and hence to an impairment in performance. Moreover, sedentary behavior is a common problem and a major contributor to restricted hip extension flexibility. Stretching can be a tool to reduce muscle tightness and to overcome the aforementioned problems. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to determine the effects of a single hip flexor stretching exercise on performance parameters. The online search was performed in the following three databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Eight studies were included in this review with a total of 165 subjects (male: 111; female 54). In contrast to other muscle groups (e.g., plantar flexors), where 120 s of stretching likely decreases force production, it seems that isolated hip flexor stretching of up to 120 s has no effect or even a positive impact on performance-related parameters. A comparison of the effects on performance between the three defined stretch durations (30–90 s; 120 s; 270–480 s) revealed a significantly different change in performance (p = 0.02) between the studies with the lowest hip flexor stretch duration (30–90 s; weighted mean performance change: −0.12%; CI (95%): −0.49 to 0.41) and the studies with the highest hip flexor stretch duration (270–480 s; performance change: −3.59%; CI (95%): −5.92 to −2.04). Meta-analysis revealed a significant (but trivial) impairment in the highest hip flexor stretch duration of 270–480 s (SMD effect size = −0.19; CI (95%) −0.379 to 0.000; Z = −1.959; p = 0.05; I2 = 0.62%), but not in the lowest stretch duration (30–90 s). This indicates a dose-response relationship in the hip flexor muscles. Although the evidence is based on a small number of studies, this information will be of great importance for both athletes and coaches.

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