Histomolecular classification of adult diffuse gliomas: The diagnostic value of immunohistochemical markers

2011 ◽  
Vol 167 (10) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Figarella-Branger ◽  
A. Maues de Paula ◽  
C. Colin ◽  
C. Bouvier
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Immunohistochemical Markers ◽  
Diffuse Gliomas

Isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations in diffuse gliomas: clinical and aetiological implications

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 835-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Gupta ◽  
R Webb-Myers ◽  
S Flanagan ◽  
M E Buckland
Keyword(s):  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Mutation Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Idh Mutations ◽  
Diffuse Gliomas ◽  
Prognostic Implications ◽  
Classification Of Gliomas ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The discovery of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations in gliomas is one example of the large impact that next-generation sequencing is having on the understanding of tumour biology and human disease in general. IDH mutations are early and common events in the development of astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas. IDH mutations are also found in some myeloid malignancies and soft tissue tumours, but are rare in other malignancies. IDH mutation detection can be incorporated into routine pathology practice via immunohistochemistry and/or standard sequencing techniques and has great diagnostic value. An emerging theme is that IDH mutation status in gliomas is of great prognostic relevance, and there are proposals to include IDH mutation status in the next iteration of the WHO classification of gliomas. The mechanisms of action(s) of mutant IDH are not fully understood, but the understanding is progressing rapidly, and may provide a mechanism to link diverse proneoplastic processes such as oxidative damage and epigenetic dysregulation. There are exciting prospects of novel therapies for glioma patients emerging from the elucidation of these mechanisms. Given the diagnostic and prognostic implications of IDH mutation, and the potential for new therapies, all gliomas should be assessed for IDH mutation status in the future.

Diagnostic Value of Electron Microscopy in Soft Tissue Tumors

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Gerald Fine ◽  
Azorides R. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myxoma ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Good Agreement

For years the separation of carcinoma and sarcoma and the subclassification of sarcomas has been based on the appearance of the tumor cells and their microscopic growth pattern and information derived from certain histochemical and special stains. Although this method of study has produced good agreement among pathologists in the separation of carcinoma from sarcoma, it has given less uniform results in the subclassification of sarcomas. There remain examples of neoplasms of different histogenesis, the classification of which is questionable because of similar cytologic and growth patterns at the light microscopic level; i.e. amelanotic melanoma versus carcinoma and occasionally sarcoma, sarcomas with an epithelial pattern of growth simulating carcinoma, histologically similar mesenchymal tumors of different histogenesis (histiocytoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma, lytic osteogenic sarcoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma), and myxomatous mesenchymal tumors of diverse histogenesis (myxoid rhabdo and liposarcomas, cardiac myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, etc.)

scholarly journals Variability of Platanus orientalis leaves under a heterogeneous environment in the Hissar Valley of Tajikistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00018
Author(s):  
Saifiddin Davlatzoda ◽  
Jamoliddin Bobokalonov ◽  
Elena Baikova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Heterogeneous Environment ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Platanus Orientalis ◽  
Cement Factories

Geospatial monitoring of leaves variability has been performed for Platanus orientalis L. (Platanaceae) in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan. 17 local populations were clustered in four territorial groups and investigated by 11 morphometric variables and four indices. Six levels of variability were taken in the classification of S.A. Mamaev. All tested parameters were ranked due to the total score of variability levels. It was established, that indicators which have the combination of high, increased, and medium levels of variability, can be recommended for the purpose of geospatial monitoring. In the studied set of variables are two such ones: (1) the ratio of the length of leaf blade to the lengh of petiole, and (2) the petiole lengh. These two indicators reliably respond to point sources of industrial environmental pollution (Aluminum and Cement factories). Six indicators with domination of the middle level of variability, are of diagnostic value to differ loci inside territorial groups of populations. The results of the experiment confirmed, that set of variability levels for 8 of 15 studied parameters has diagnostic matter for geospatial monitoring of environment conditions in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan.

Contribution of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to the classification of diffuse gliomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 429 ◽  
pp. 118443
Author(s):  
Souhir Guidara ◽  
Marc Barritault ◽  
Eudéline Alix ◽  
Damien Sanlaville ◽  
David Meyronet
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomic Hybridization ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Genomic Hybridization ◽  
Diffuse Gliomas

Molecular classification of adult diffuse gliomas: conflicting IDH1/IDH2, ATRX, and 1p/19q results

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leomar Y. Ballester ◽  
Jason T. Huse ◽  
Guilin Tang ◽  
Gregory N. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Classification ◽  
Diffuse Gliomas

scholarly journals Radiological differences between subtypes of WHO 2016 grade II–III gliomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djuno I van Lent ◽  
Kirsten M van Baarsen ◽  
Tom J Snijders ◽  
Pierre A J T Robe
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Genetic Subtype ◽  
Idh Mutations ◽  
Diffuse Gliomas ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion are oncogenetic alterations with a positive prognostic value for diffuse gliomas, especially grade II and III. Some studies have suggested differences in biological behavior as reflected by radiological characteristics. In this paper, the literature regarding radiological characteristics in grade II and III glioma subtypes was systematically evaluated and a meta-analysis was performed. Methods Studies that addressed the relationship between conventional radiological characteristics and IDH mutations and/or 1p/19q-codeletions in newly diagnosed, grade II and III gliomas of adult patients were included. The “3-group analysis” compared radiological characteristics between the WHO 2016 glioma subtypes (IDH-mutant astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype astrocytoma, and oligodendroglioma), and the “2-group analysis” compared radiological characteristics between 1p/19q-codeleted gliomas and 1p/19q-intact gliomas. Results Fourteen studies (3-group analysis: 670 cases, 2-group analysis: 1042 cases) were included. IDH-mutated astrocytomas showed more often sharp borders and less frequently contrast enhancement compared to IDH-wildtype astrocytomas. 1p/19q-codeleted gliomas had less frequently sharp borders, but showed a heterogeneous aspect, calcification, cysts, and edema more frequently. For the 1p/19q-codeleted gliomas, a sensitivity of 96% was found for heterogeneity and a specificity of 88.1% for calcification. Conclusions Significant differences in conventional radiological characteristics exist between the WHO 2016 glioma subtypes, which may reflect differences in biological behavior. However, the diagnostic value of the independent radiological characteristics is insufficient to reliably predict the molecular genetic subtype.

P1-171: Added Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurogranin in the Classification of Prodromal and Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. P468-P468
Author(s):  
Simone Lista ◽  
Nicola Toschi ◽  
Francesco Garaci ◽  
Kaj Blennow ◽  
Henrik Zetterberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease Dementia

The contribution of strain patterns in characterization of prostate peripheral zone lesions at transrectal ultrasonography

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Yan-mi Li ◽  
Xiang Fei ◽  
En-hui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasonography ◽  
Targeted Biopsy

Background Elasticity is an important characteristic of tissue. During an elastography examination, various strain images of lesions are observed, and a suitable classification of strain patterns (SP) may provide vital diagnostic information about lesions. Numerous studies have shown that ultrasound elastography can improve the detection of prostate cancer, but the diagnostic value of SP classification has not yet been fully evaluated. Purpose To investigate the contribution of SP on the characterization of prostate peripheral zone lesions by transrectal real-time tissue elastography (TRTE) in combination with conventional transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). Material and Methods One hundred and seventy-one patients with suspected prostate cancer underwent TRUS and TRTE examinations. The SPs of the suspicious lesions were classified into five scores by TRTE according to the degree and distribution of strain. All findings were confirmed by transrectal systematic 12-core biopsies and targeted biopsies for suspicious areas detecting by TRUS and/or TRTE. Results One hundred and forty-eight of 171 patients had high-quality TRTE imaging and were included into the study. When a cut-off point of SP score III was used, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was, respectively, 0.75 (95% CI: 0.67–0.83), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78–0.91) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77–0.91) for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by TRUS, TRTE and TRTE + TRUS. A linear tendency of SP and Gleason scores was observed in scores III-V. The detection rate of prostate cancer using TRTE-targeted biopsy (75.8%) was significantly higher than that of systematic 12-core biopsy plus TRUS-targeted biopsy (14.5%) ( P = 0.00). Conclusion This study suggests the significant contribution of SP on characterization of prostate peripheral zone lesions and the improvement of TRTE-targeted biopsy on detection of prostate cancer.

scholarly journals OS9.7 Telomere length, TERTp mutation and ALT status in adult diffuse gliomas

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii19-iii20
Author(s):  
C Birzu ◽  
A Hillairet ◽  
M Giry ◽  
N Grandin ◽  
P Verrelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Telomere Maintenance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Small Subgroup ◽  
Adjusted Score ◽  
Diffuse Gliomas ◽  
Tcga Dataset

Abstract BACKGROUND The current classification of adult diffuse gliomas integrates two alternative telomere maintenance mechanisms: reactivation of telomerase activity by TERT promoter (TERTp) mutations or ATRX mutations associated with alternative length telomere (ALT). We investigated here the relation between these two mechanisms, telomere length, and outcome in a large series of diffuse gliomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed C-circle assay (CCA) to determine ALT status, determined telomere length in tumor (RTLt) and leukocyte (RTLl) in a cohort of 354 adult diffuse gliomas, and sequenced ATRX gene. We calculated an age-adjusted telomere score considering tumor and leukocyte (blood) telomere length and corrected by age. This score was used in univariate and multivariate survival analyses to evaluate the potential impact of telomere length on the prognosis of gliomas. We used the TCGA LGG-GBM dataset to validate our findings in an independent cohort. RESULTS RTLl and RTLt were associated with ATRX mutation and ALT phenotype, and negatively associated with age and TERTp mutations. ATRX mutations (found in 52% (64/123) of samples) were mostly transitions (C>T or T>C), and were associated with ALT phenotype. None of 1p/19q co-deleted oligodendrogliomas harbored an ALT phenotype. No patients with TERTp mutations had ALT phenotype except for a very small subgroup of patients (3/87, 3.4%) suggesting that multiple ways of telomere maintenance, may co-exist in a single tumor, probably expressed in different clones. Telomere age-adjusted score was independently associated with better outcome (HR= 0.73 [95% CI 0.56–0.97], p-value 0.03 adjusted for age, TERTp mutation, IDH mutation, 1p/19q co-deletion and WHO grade). These results were validated using the LGG-GBM TCGA dataset. CONCLUSION We unravel the relation between RTLl and RTLt, TERTp mutation and ALT phenotype and describe a novel telomere age-adjusted score independently associated with better prognosis in adult diffuse gliomas.

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