The contribution of strain patterns in characterization of prostate peripheral zone lesions at transrectal ultrasonography

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Yan-mi Li ◽  
Xiang Fei ◽  
En-hui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasonography ◽  
Targeted Biopsy

Background Elasticity is an important characteristic of tissue. During an elastography examination, various strain images of lesions are observed, and a suitable classification of strain patterns (SP) may provide vital diagnostic information about lesions. Numerous studies have shown that ultrasound elastography can improve the detection of prostate cancer, but the diagnostic value of SP classification has not yet been fully evaluated. Purpose To investigate the contribution of SP on the characterization of prostate peripheral zone lesions by transrectal real-time tissue elastography (TRTE) in combination with conventional transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). Material and Methods One hundred and seventy-one patients with suspected prostate cancer underwent TRUS and TRTE examinations. The SPs of the suspicious lesions were classified into five scores by TRTE according to the degree and distribution of strain. All findings were confirmed by transrectal systematic 12-core biopsies and targeted biopsies for suspicious areas detecting by TRUS and/or TRTE. Results One hundred and forty-eight of 171 patients had high-quality TRTE imaging and were included into the study. When a cut-off point of SP score III was used, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was, respectively, 0.75 (95% CI: 0.67–0.83), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78–0.91) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77–0.91) for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by TRUS, TRTE and TRTE + TRUS. A linear tendency of SP and Gleason scores was observed in scores III-V. The detection rate of prostate cancer using TRTE-targeted biopsy (75.8%) was significantly higher than that of systematic 12-core biopsy plus TRUS-targeted biopsy (14.5%) ( P = 0.00). Conclusion This study suggests the significant contribution of SP on characterization of prostate peripheral zone lesions and the improvement of TRTE-targeted biopsy on detection of prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Clinical utility of TIRADS and ultrasound elastography in characterization of thyroid nodules

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrita Sachdev ◽  
Sana . ◽  
Shivani Gupta ◽  
Akhila Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Strain Elastography ◽  
Elasticity Score ◽  
Arfi Imaging ◽  
Benign Thyroid

Background: Thyroid nodules are a common entity in an iodine deficient population, however malignant nodules are relatively uncommon with excellent prognosis. Ultrasound elastography is a useful tool for characterization of nodules and allows selection of tumors for FNAC. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of strain elastography and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging in differentiating malignant from benign thyroid nodules.Methods: This study included 100 thyroid nodules evaluated using ultrasound TIRADS classification. Strain elastography evaluated the nodules using the elasticity score and strain ratio followed by VTI and shear wave velocity generated from ARFI data to characterize the nodules. Final diagnoses were obtained from cytological and/or histological evaluation. The diagnostic performance of the two elastography methods was analyzed and compared by multiple receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Results: Of the 100 thyroid nodules observed in 100 patients (82 females and 18 males), 22% were malignant nodules and 78% were benign. The cut off values for elasticity scores, mean SR, VTI grade and mean SWV for predicting malignant thyroid nodules were greater than or equal to score 2, 2.4, grade 3, 2.5m/s respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for elasticity score, mean SR, VTI grade and mean SWV was 0.79, 0.78, 0.89 and 0.84, respectively (P>0.05) and the accuracy was 74, 81.6, 88 and 87.5%, respectively (P>0.05). The accuracy of the combined use of conventional sonography, strain elastography and ARFI imaging was 85.6% respectively, which was higher than that of conventional sonography (P>0.05).Conclusions: Strain elastography and ARFI imaging have high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating malignant from benign thyroid nodules and therefore have good clinical utility in evaluating these lesions.

Suggested amendment of TI-RADS classification of thyroid nodules by shear wave elastography

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033
Author(s):  
Jin-Ru Yang ◽  
Yan Song ◽  
Shan-Shan Xue ◽  
Li-Tao Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Conventional Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasonic Shear

Background The application of the ultrasound elastography and Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) classification further expands the scope of ultrasound differential diagnosis between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Purpose To investigate the value of the quantitative parameter of ultrasonic shear waves in optimizing the TI-RADS classification of thyroid nodules. Material and Methods A total of 168 thyroid nodules, initially classified using TI-RADS and scanned by shear wave elastography (SWE), were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were diagnosed by fine needle aspiration and histology following surgery. Results The benign rate of TI-RADS 3 nodules was 76.5%, while the benign rate of TI-RADS 4a nodules was 71.7%. Furthermore, the malignant rate of TI-RADS 4b nodules was 69.7%, while the malignant rate of TI-RADS 4c nodules was 85.7%. In differentiating benign from malignant nodules, the combination of TI-RADS classification and Emean had the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Using an Emean value of 42.25 kpa as the cut-off point, the malignant rate of TI-RADS 4a nodules decreased from 28.3% to 23.5%, while the malignant rate of TI-RADS 4b nodules increased from 69.7% to 79.4%. Compared to conventional ultrasound alone, the sensitivity, negative predictive value, and AUC of conventional ultrasound combined with SWE in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules significantly improved ( P=0.012, 0.029, 0.001). Conclusion The SWE technique can be used to further determine the benign and malignant nature of TI-RADS 4 lesions, providing further reference for the choice of clinical treatment. The TI-RADS classification system corrected by SWE is more significant in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Three plasma-based microRNAs as potent diagnostic biomarkers for endometrial cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xingchen Fan ◽  
Minmin Cao ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Chunyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Public Datasets ◽  
Plasma Mirnas

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), with noticeable stability and unique expression pattern in plasma of patients with various diseases, are powerful non-invasive biomarkers for cancer detection including endometrial cancer (EC). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify promising miRNA biomarkers in plasma to assist the clinical screening of EC. METHODS: A total of 93 EC and 79 normal control (NC) plasma samples were analyzed using Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) in this four-stage experiment. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic value. Additionally, the expression features of the identified miRNAs were further explored in tissues and plasma exosomes samples. RESULTS: The expression of miR-142-3p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-151a-5p was significantly overexpressed in the plasma of EC patients compared with NCs. Areas under the ROC curve of the 3-miRNA signature were 0.729, 0.751, and 0.789 for the training, testing, and external validation phases, respectively. The diagnostic performance of the identified signature proved to be stable in the three public datasets and superior to the other miRNA biomarkers in EC diagnosis. Moreover, the expression of miR-151a-5p was significantly elevated in EC plasma exosomes. CONCLUSIONS: A signature consisting of 3 plasma miRNAs was identified and showed potential for the non-invasive diagnosis of EC.

scholarly journals Abnormal interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with strabismic amblyopia: a resting-state fMRI study using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Gui-Ping Gao ◽  
Wen-Qing Shi ◽  
Biao Li ◽  
Qi Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated that strabismus amblyopia can result in markedly brain function alterations. However, the differences in spontaneous brain activities of strabismus amblyopia (SA) patients still remain unclear. Therefore, the current study intended to employthe voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) method to investigate the intrinsic brain activity changes in SA patients. Purpose To investigate the changes in cerebral hemispheric functional connections in patients with SA and their relationship with clinical manifestations using the VMHC method. Material and methods In the present study, a total of 17 patients with SA (eight males and nine females) and 17 age- and weight-matched healthy control (HC) groups were enrolled. Based on the VMHC method, all subjects were examined by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The functional interaction between cerebral hemispheres was directly evaluated. The Pearson’s correlation test was used to analyze the clinical features of patients with SA. In addition, their mean VMHC signal values and the receiver operating characteristic curve were used to distinguish patients with SA and HC groups. Results Compared with HC group, patients with SA had higher VMHC values in bilateral cingulum ant, caudate, hippocampus, and cerebellum crus 1. Moreover, the VMHC values of some regions were positively correlated with some clinical manifestations. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curves presented higher diagnostic value in these areas. Conclusion SA subjects showed abnormal brain interhemispheric functional connectivity in visual pathways, which might give some instructive information for understanding the neurological mechanisms of SA patients.

scholarly journals Sonographic features of portal hypertension in Schistosomiasis Mansoni

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogerio Augusto Pinto-Silva ◽  
Wilson Luiz Abrantes ◽  
Carlos Maurício Figueiredo Antunes ◽  
Jose Roberto Lambertucci
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Splenic Vein ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Schistosomiasis Mansoni ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Splenic Hilus ◽  
Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis

The diagnostic value of real-time sonography in the study of portal hypertension was assessed in 66 patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni, all with Symmers's fibrosis and esophageal varices. Seventy-one individuals without schistosomiasis were selected as controls. The inner diameters of the portal vessels were measured by sonography in all patients and controls: splenoportography was also performed in the schistosomal group. Intra-splenic pressure was over 30 cm of water in 44 of 60 patients with schistosomiasis. The upper limit of normality for portal vessel diameters was set through receiver operating characteristic curve at 12 mm for portal vein, 9 mm for splenic vein at splenic hilus, and 9 mm for superior mesenteric vein. The best discriminative vein for the diagnosis of portal hypertension was the splenic vein followed by the portal vein. A direct correlation was observed between the diameter of the splenic vein, measured by sonography, and the intra-splenic pressure. Except for the paraumbilical and mesenteric veins, more frequently identified by sonography, there was no statistical difference in the frequency of visualization of splanchnic vessels by sonography or splenoportography.

SOX9 stands for a bio-marker for prostate cancer detection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zi ◽  
Wen-Lin Tao ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Zhao-Hua Yu ◽  
Xiao-Dong Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Prostate cancer is one of common cancers around the world, and in our country the incidence and mortality of PCa are both increasing. More and more reports have revealed that SOX9 is involved in various human cancers. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between SOX9 expression and diagnostic value of PCa patients. Methods In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the expression of SOX9 of the 131 PCa patients and 74 healthy volunteers. And receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the diagnostic value of SOX9 for PCa patients. Results The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of serum SOX9 in PCa patients was higher than that in healthy controls (P < 0.05). And the expression of SOX9 was significantly associated with PSA (P = 0.001), differentiation (P = 0.000), and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.000). Besides, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.966 with the sensitivity of 93.2% and specificity of 87.8% respectively. The optimal cutoff value of SOX9 was 2.34. Conclusions Our results found that SOX9 is a novel oncogene for PCa, and may be a novel and effective biomarker for the diagnosis of patients with PCa.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Characterization of Patellar Tendon in Non-Elite Sport Players with Painful Patellar Tendinopathy: Absolute Values or Relative Ratios? A Pilot Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 882
Author(s):  
José L. Arias-Buría ◽  
César Fernández-de-las-Peñas ◽  
Jorge Rodríguez-Jiménez ◽  
Gustavo Plaza-Manzano ◽  
Joshua A. Cleland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Patellar Tendinopathy ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Elite Sport ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blinded Assessor

Imaging findings in patellar tendinopathy are questioned. The aim of this pilot study was to characterize ultrasound measures, by calculating ultrasound ratio and neovascularization of the patellar tendon in non-elite sport players with unilateral painful patellar tendinopathy. Cross-sectional area (CSA), width, and thickness of the patellar tendon were assessed bilaterally in 20 non-elite sport-players with unilateral painful patellar tendinopathy and 20 asymptomatic controls by a blinded assessor. Ultrasound ratios were calculated to discriminate between symptomatic and asymptomatic knees. The Ohberg score was used for characterizing neovascularization. We found that non-elite sport players with patellar tendinopathy exhibited bilateral increases in CSA, width, and thickness of the patellar tendon compared to asymptomatic controls (Cohen d > 2). The ability of ultrasound ratios to discriminate between painful and non-painful patellar tendons was excellent (receiver operating characteristic, ROC > 0.9). The best diagnostic value (sensitivity: 100% and specificity: 95%) was observed when a width ratio ≥ 1.29 between the symptomatic and asymptomatic patellar tendon was used as a cut-off. Further, neovascularization was also observed in 70% of non-elite sport players with unilateral patellar tendinopathy. A greater CSA ratio was associated with more related-disability and higher tendon neovascularization. This study reported that non-elite sport players with painful unilateral patellar tendinopathy showed structural ultrasound changes in the patellar tendon when compared with asymptomatic controls. Ultrasound ratios were able to discriminate between symptomatic and asymptomatic knees. Current results suggest that ultrasound ratios could be a useful imaging outcome for identifying changes in the patellar tendon in sport players with unilateral patellar tendinopathy.

Comparison of ice pack test and single-fiber EMG diagnostic accuracy in patients referred for myasthenic ptosis

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (13) ◽  
pp. e1800-e1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pia Giannoccaro ◽  
Matteo Paolucci ◽  
Corrado Zenesini ◽  
Vitantonio Di Stasi ◽  
Vincenzo Donadio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Orbicularis Oculi Muscle ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia ◽  
Ice Pack

ObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic accuracy of ice pack test (IPT) and single-fiber EMG (SF-EMG) in patients with suspected ocular myasthenia (OM) presenting with ptosis.MethodsWe studied consecutive patients referred for the clinical suspicion of OM. Patients underwent IPT and stimulated SF-EMG on the orbicularis oculi muscle. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the accuracy of IPT, SF-EMG, and their combination.ResultsWe included 155 patients, 102 with OM and 53 with other diagnosis (OD). The IPT had a sensitivity of 86% (95% confidence interval [CI] 79–93) and a specificity of 79% (95% CI 68–90). SF-EMG showed a sensitivity of 94% (95% CI 89–98) and a specificity of 79% (95% CI 68–90). Overall, IPT and SF-EMG showed discordant results in 30 cases, 16 OM and 14 OD. The combination of IPT and SF-EMG, using the positivity of at least one test for OM diagnosis, increased the sensitivity to 98% (95% CI 95–100), reducing the specificity to 66% (95% CI 53–78), whereas using the positivity of both tests, we obtained a sensitivity of 82% (95% CI 75–90) and a specificity of 92% (95% CI 85–99). The negativity of both tests had a 94% (95% CI 87–100) negative predictive value. Comparison of the areas under the curve showed no differences in the diagnostic accuracy of IPT, SF-EMG, and their combinations.ConclusionsIPT and SF-EMG have similar diagnostic accuracy in patients with OM presenting with ptosis. The negativity of both tests strongly suggests another diagnosis.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class I evidence that both the IPT and SF-EMG accurately identify patients with OM.

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