scholarly journals Cell-Type-Specific Activity in Prefrontal Cortex during Goal-Directed Behavior

Neuron ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Pinto ◽  
Yang Dan
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Goal Directed Behavior

scholarly journals Cell type‐specific DNA methylation analysis of the prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Ueda ◽  
Miki Bundo ◽  
Yutaka Nakachi ◽  
Kiyoto Kasai ◽  
Tadafumi Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Dna Methylation Analysis

Neuronal Circuits in Barrel Cortex for Whisker Sensory Perception

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-415
Author(s):  
Jochen F. Staiger ◽  
Carl C. H. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Inhibitory Neurons ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Somatotopic Map ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
The Impact

The array of whiskers on the snout provides rodents with tactile sensory information relating to the size, shape and texture of objects in their immediate environment. Rodents can use their whiskers to detect stimuli, distinguish textures, locate objects and navigate. Important aspects of whisker sensation are thought to result from neuronal computations in the whisker somatosensory cortex (wS1). Each whisker is individually represented in the somatotopic map of wS1 by an anatomical unit named a ‘barrel’ (hence also called barrel cortex). This allows precise investigation of sensory processing in the context of a well-defined map. Here, we first review the signaling pathways from the whiskers to wS1, and then discuss current understanding of the various types of excitatory and inhibitory neurons present within wS1. Different classes of cells can be defined according to anatomical, electrophysiological and molecular features. The synaptic connectivity of neurons within local wS1 microcircuits, as well as their long-range interactions and the impact of neuromodulators, are beginning to be understood. Recent technological progress has allowed cell-type-specific connectivity to be related to cell-type-specific activity during whisker-related behaviors. An important goal for future research is to obtain a causal and mechanistic understanding of how selected aspects of tactile sensory information are processed by specific types of neurons in the synaptically connected neuronal networks of wS1 and signaled to downstream brain areas, thus contributing to sensory-guided decision-making.

scholarly journals Cell-Type-Specific Sensorimotor Processing in Striatal Projection Neurons during Goal-Directed Behavior

Neuron ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Sippy ◽  
Damien Lapray ◽  
Sylvain Crochet ◽  
Carl C.H. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Sensorimotor Processing ◽  
Striatal Projection Neurons ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Goal Directed Behavior

scholarly journals Secreted reporter assay enables quantitative and longitudinal monitoring of neuronal activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Santos ◽  
Sungjin Park
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Reporter Assay ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Conditional Expression ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
And Function

AbstractThe ability to measure changes in neuronal activity in a quantifiable and precise manner is of fundamental importance to understand neuron development and function. Repeated monitoring of neuronal activity of the same population of neurons over several days is challenging and, typically, low-throughput. Here, we describe a new biochemical reporter assay that allows for repeated measurements of neuronal activity in a cell type-specific manner. We coupled activity-dependent elements from the Arc/Arg3.1 gene with a secreted reporter, Gaussia luciferase, to quantify neuronal activity without sacrificing the neurons. The reporter predominantly senses calcium and NMDA receptor-dependent activity. By repeatedly measuring the accumulation of the reporter in cell media, we can profile the developmental dynamics of neuronal activity in cultured neurons from male and female mice. The assay also allows for longitudinal analysis of pharmacological treatments, thus distinguishing acute from delayed responses. Moreover, conditional expression of the reporter allows for monitoring cell type-specific changes. This simple, quantitative, cost-effective, automatable, and cell type-specific activity reporter is a valuable tool to study the development of neuronal activity in normal and disease-model conditions, and to identify small molecules or protein factors that selectively modulate the activity of a specific population of neurons.SignificanceNeurological and neurodevelopmental disorders are prevalent worldwide. Despite significant advances in our understanding of synapse formation and function, developing effective therapeutics remains challenging, in part due to the lack of simple and robust high-throughput screening assays of neuronal activity. Here, we describe a simple biochemical assay that allows for repeated measurements of neuronal activity in a cell type-specific manner. Thus filling the need for assays amenable to longitudinal studies, such as those related to neural development. Other advantages include its simple and quantitative nature, logitudinal profiling, cell type-specificity, and being multiplexed with other invasive techniques.

scholarly journals Cell-type specific patterned stimulus-independent neuronal activity in the Drosophila visual system during synapse formation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orkun Akin ◽  
Bryce T. Bajar ◽  
Mehmet F. Keles ◽  
Mark A. Frye ◽  
S. Lawrence Zipursky
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Synapse Formation ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
System Development ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific

SummaryStereotyped synaptic connections define the neural circuits of the brain. In vertebrates, stimulus-independent activity contributes to neural circuit formation. It is unknown whether this type of activity is a general feature of nervous system development. Here, we report patterned, stimulus-independent neural activity in the Drosophila visual system during synaptogenesis. Using in vivo calcium, voltage, and glutamate imaging, we found that all neurons participate in this spontaneous activity, which is characterized by brain-wide periodic active and silent phases. Glia are active in a complementary pattern. Each of the 15 examined of the over 100 specific neuron types in the fly visual system exhibited a unique activity signature. The activity of neurons that are synaptic partners in the adult was highly correlated during development. We propose that this cell type-specific activity coordinates the development of the functional circuitry of the adult brain.

scholarly journals Polyomavirus Enhancer-binding Protein 2/Core Binding Factor/Acute Myeloid Leukemia Factors Contribute to the Cell Type-specific Activity of the CD11a Integrin Gene Promoter

2000 ◽  
Vol 275 (37) ◽  
pp. 28507-28512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaya Puig-Kröger ◽  
Cristina López-Rodrı́guez ◽  
Miguel Relloso ◽  
Tilman Sánchez-Elsner ◽  
Arsenio Nueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Core Binding Factor ◽  
Enhancer Binding Protein ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Integrin Gene ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Acute Myeloid
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