Virus infection of the brain: Lessons from Drosophila for illuminating virus disease and nervous system function

Neuroscience ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Eleftherianos ◽  
Ghada Tafesh-Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
System Function ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
The Brain

Dewey on the Brain: Dopamine, Digital Devices, and Democracy

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-34
Author(s):  
Tibor Solymosi
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
System Function ◽  
Brain Dopamine ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Mind And Brain ◽  
Contemporary Situation ◽  
The Brain

Central to Dewey’s treatment of the nervous system throughout his work is its import for ameliorative action. Dewey’s theory of mentation has its origins in his early thought in which he draws on contemporary physics and biology to incorporate the nascent understanding of the nervous system. This interdisciplinary approach continues through his career. After selectively reviewing Dewey’s remarks about brains and nervous systems, I apply his ameliorative theory of mind and brain to our contemporary situation in which our digital devices work against the energetic focusing that Dewey saw as integral to healthy nervous system function. I consider the threat of what Tschaepe calls dopamine democracy and reflect on whether neuropragmatism is able to meet that challenge.

Signaling in the Brain

The Neuron ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
Irwin B. Levitan ◽  
Leonard K. Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
System Function ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Specialized Structure ◽  
Transfer Of Information ◽  
The Brain

Neurons are the cells of the brain responsible for intracellular and intercellular information transfer, or signaling; they are asymmetrical cells with morphologically and functionally distinct regions that specialize them for signaling. This chapter focuses on the unique structural elements characteristic of neurons throughout the animal kingdom. These include the dendrite, among whose functions is the receipt of information from other neurons. The axon, in contrast, is specialized for the intracellular transfer of information over long distances. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the synapse, the highly specialized structure that mediates the transfer of information from one neuron to another. It is this intracellular and intercellular communication that is the essence of nervous system function, and that makes the brain so complex and difficult to study and yet at the same time so fascinating for students of cell and molecular biology.

Glial Cells in the Auditory Brainstem

2018 ◽  
pp. 680-706
Author(s):  
Giedre Milinkeviciute ◽  
Karina S. Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Synaptic Function ◽  
System Function ◽  
Auditory Neurons ◽  
System P ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System Function

The auditory brainstem carries out sound localization functions that require an extraordinary degree of precision. While many of the specializations needed for these functions reside in auditory neurons, additional adaptations are made possible by the functions of glial cells. Astrocytes, once thought to have mainly a supporting role in nervous system function, are now known to participate in synaptic function. In the auditory brainstem, they contribute to development of specialized synapses and to mature synaptic function. Oligodendrocytes play critical roles in regulating timing in sound localization circuitry. Microglia enter the central nervous system early in development, and also have important functions in the auditory system’s response to injury. This chapter highlights the unique functions of these non-neuronal cells in the auditory system.

scholarly journals Is Active Lifestyle Related to Autonomic Nervous System Function and Lipid Profile in People with Overweight? A Study Pilot

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2439
Author(s):  
Alexis Espinoza-Salinas ◽  
Edgardo Molina-Sotomayor ◽  
Johnattan Cano-Montoya ◽  
Jose Antonio Gonzalez-Jurado
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
System Function ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Function ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Nervous System Function

Autonomic nervous system function is an important predictor of physical fitness. The objective of this study was to find out the associations of autonomic activity parameters, lipid profile, insulin concentrations, and insulin resistance in overweight men with the level of physical activity. A descriptive and correlational study was carried out in 28 overweight men: 14 physically active (PA) and 14 physically inactive (PI). The following variables were assessed: Level of physical activity, HRV (heart rate variability), basal insulin, HOMA-IR index (Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin-Resistance), and lipid profile. The main results show a positive correlation between the spectral parameters of the HRV and total cholesterol (r = 0.24), LDL (r = 0.59), VLDL (r = 0.86), and insulin (r = 0.88) of sedentary people, evidencing a directly proportional correlation with BMI. We conclude that weight gain and a sedentary lifestyle are associated with an increase in sympathetic discharge, which, in turn, is associated with an increase in lipid profile and insulin levels.

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNAs in nervous system function and disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 1338 ◽  
pp. 20-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan A. Qureshi ◽  
John S. Mattick ◽  
Mark F. Mehler
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
System Function ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Non Coding Rnas
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