THE NUTRISS STUDY: A NEW APPROACH TO CALIBRATE DIET AND EXERCISE IN LONG-TERM SPACE MISSIONS

Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 87-88 ◽  
pp. 111320
Author(s):  
F.G. Di Girolamo ◽  
R. Situlin ◽  
N. Fiotti ◽  
G. Valentini ◽  
E. Carrubba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Missions ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Diet And Exercise

The Nutriss Study: A New Approach to Calibrate Diet and Exercise in Long-Term Space Missions to Maintain Body Fat, Muscle and Fluid Homeostasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
F. G. Di Girolamo ◽  
G. Biolo ◽  
N. Fiotti ◽  
R. Situlin ◽  
C. Piacenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Fluid Homeostasis ◽  
Diet And Exercise

CHANGES IN BLOOD PROTEOME OF COSMONAUTS WITH MICRO- AND MACROVASCULAR INJURIES DUE TO G-LOADS AT THE FINAL STAGE OF LONG-DURATION SPACE MISSIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
L.Kh. Pastushkova ◽  
◽  
K.S. Kireev ◽  
I.M. Larina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Blood Rheology ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Vascular Injuries ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Integrated Response

The integrated response of the human proteome to re-entry g-loads following long-term space missions was studied in 13 male cosmonauts at the age of 44 ± 6 years. Examination at the landing site discovered local petechial hemorrhages into soft tissues of the back and lower legs. The paper presents a new approach to evaluation of petechia and soft tissue hemorrhages in cosmonauts on return to Earth. Proteomic analysis was performed with the use of LC-MS. Bioinformation analysis was made using Perseus, PubMed, Uniprot and ANDSystem software. Nine out of 19 significantly different (p < 0.05) proteins were related to vascular injuries directly. We described proteins with a primarily protecting effect against endothelial cells apoptosis and augmentation of vascular permeability, proteins that are responsible for blood rheology and proteins antagonistic to the main triggers of ischeamia-reperfusion injuries of the lungs, liver and other parenchymal organs.

Reduction of major amputations in the diabetic ischaemic foot: A strategy to "take control" with conservative care as well as revascularisation

VASA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement 58) ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmonds ◽  
Foster
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Vascular Control ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Conservative Care ◽  
Arterial Bypass ◽  
Therapeutic Footwear ◽  
Frequent Problem

The diabetic ischaemic foot has become an increasingly frequent problem over the last decade. However, we report a new approach consisting of a basic classification, a simple staging system of the natural history and a treatment plan for each stage, within a multi-disciplinary framework. This approach of "taking control" consists of two parts: 1. long-term conservative care including debridement of ulcers (to obtain wound control), eradication of sepsis (micribiological control), and provision of therapeutic footwear (mechanical control), and 2. revascularisation by angioplasty and arterial bypass (vascular control). This approach has led to a 50% reduction in the rate of major amputations in patients attending with ischaemic ulceration and absent foot pulses from 1989 to 1999 (from 4.6% to 2.3% per year). Patients who underwent angioplasty increased from 6% to 13%. Arterial bypass similarly increased from 3% to 7% of cases. However, even with an increased rate of revascularisation, 80% of patients responded to conservative care alone. This,we conclude, is an essential part of the management of all patients with ischaemic feet.

Towards the Affective Cognition Approach to Human Performance in Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-534
Author(s):  
Nicola Mammarella
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Cognition And Emotion ◽  
Dynamic Relation ◽  
Interesting Pattern

INTRODUCTION: In recent decades, there has been investigation into the effects of microgravity and microgravity-like environments on cognition and emotion separately. Here we highlight the need of focusing on emotion-cognition interactions as a framework for explaining cognitive performance in space. In particular, by referring to the affective cognition hypothesis, the significant interplay between emotional variables and cognitive processing in space is briefly analyzed. Altogether, this approach shows an interesting pattern of data pointing to a dynamic relation that may be sensitive to microgravity. The importance of examining interactions between emotion and cognition for space performance remains fundamental (e.g., stress-related disorders) and deserves further attention. This approach is ultimately interesting considering the potential effects that microgravity may play on human performance during long-term space missions and on return to Earth.Mammarella N. Towards the affective cognition approach to human performance in space. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(6):532–534.

Attention To Music In The Years Of Independence: A New Approach To Scientific Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (09) ◽  
pp. 395-398
Author(s):  
Sultanov A. ◽  
Tajiboev E.
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Modern Methods

This article reveals the attention paid to music education in Uzbekistan, the new approach implemented in the education system, the development of pedagogical educational technologies and modern methods based on long-term independence.

scholarly journals Using supraglottic airways by paramedics for airway management in analogue microgravity increases speed and success of ventilation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Hinkelbein ◽  
Anton Ahlbäck ◽  
Christine Antwerber ◽  
Lisa Dauth ◽  
James DuCanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Management ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Laryngeal Tube ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Airway Device ◽  
Future Space ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Present Trial

AbstractIn the next few years, the number of long-term space missions will significantly increase. Providing safe concepts for emergencies including airway management will be a highly challenging task. The aim of the present trial is to compare different airway management devices in simulated microgravity using a free-floating underwater scenario. Five different devices for airway management [laryngeal mask (LM), laryngeal tube (LT), I-GEL, direct laryngoscopy (DL), and video laryngoscopy (VL)] were compared by n = 20 paramedics holding a diving certificate in a randomized cross-over setting both under free-floating conditions in a submerged setting (pool, microgravity) and on ground (normogravity). The primary endpoint was the successful placement of the airway device. The secondary endpoints were the number of attempts and the time to ventilation. A total of 20 paramedics (3 female, 17 male) participated in this study. Success rate was highest for LM and LT and was 100% both during simulated microgravity and normogravity followed by the I-GEL (90% during microgravity and 95% during normogravity). However, the success rate was less for both DL (60% vs. 95%) and VL (20% vs. 60%). Fastest ventilation was performed with the LT both in normogravity (13.7 ± 5.3 s; n = 20) and microgravity (19.5 ± 6.1 s; n = 20). For the comparison of normogravity and microgravity, time to ventilation was shorter for all devices on the ground (normogravity) as compared underwater (microgravity). In the present study, airway management with supraglottic airways and laryngoscopy was shown to be feasible. Concerning the success rate and time to ventilation, the optimum were supraglottic airways (LT, LM, I-GEL) as their placement was faster and associated with a higher success rate. For future space missions, the use of supraglottic airways for airway management seems to be more promising as compared to tracheal intubation by DL or VL.

Guideline for the management of long tunnelled external ventricular drains in chronic hydrocephalus

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 416-421
Author(s):  
Phillip Correia Copley ◽  
John Emelifeonwu ◽  
Pasquale Gallo ◽  
Drahoslav Sokol ◽  
Jothy Kandasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Chronic Hydrocephalus ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Viable Treatment

This article reports on the journey of a child with an inoperable hypothalamic-origin pilocytic astrocytoma causing hydrocephalus, which was refractory to treatment with shunts, and required a new approach. With multidisciplinary support, excellent nursing care and parental education, the child's hydrocephalus was managed long term in the community with bilateral long-tunnelled external ventricular drains (LTEVDs). This article describes the patient's journey and highlights the treatment protocols that were created to achieve this feat. Despite the difficulties in initially setting up these protocols, they proved successful and thus the team managing the patient proposed that LTEVDs are a viable treatment option for children with hydrocephalus in the context of inoperable tumours to help maximise quality of life.

Brains that Fire Together Wire Together: Interbrain Plasticity Underlies Learning in Social Interactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 107385842199668
Author(s):  
Simone G. Shamay-Tsoory
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Experience

Social interactions are powerful determinants of learning. Yet the field of neuroplasticity is deeply rooted in probing changes occurring in synapses, brain structures, and networks within an individual brain. Here I synthesize disparate findings on network neuroplasticity and mechanisms of social interactions to propose a new approach for understanding interaction-based learning that focuses on the dynamics of interbrain coupling. I argue that the facilitation effect of social interactions on learning may be explained by interbrain plasticity, defined here as the short- and long-term experience-dependent changes in interbrain coupling. The interbrain plasticity approach may radically change our understanding of how we learn in social interactions.

scholarly journals Long-Term Follow-Up of Giant Symptomatic Hepatic Hemangiomas Treated with Direct Sclerotherapy: Introducing a New Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Rokni Yazdi ◽  
Niloofar Ayoobi Yazdi ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Mehrabinejad ◽  
Habibollah Dashti ◽  
Morteza Ghassed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Approach ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Hepatic Hemangiomas
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