Short-term changes in lipoprotein subclasses and C-reactive protein levels of hypertriglyceridemic adults on low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging viral disease. Here, we report the clinical features, management, and short-term outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Wenzhou, China, an area outside Wuhan. Methods Patients admitted to the Infectious Diseases Department of Ruian People’s Hospital in Wenzhou, from January 21 to February 7, 2020, were recruited. Medical data on epidemiological history, demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, chest computerized tomography (CT) examination, treatment, and short-term outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Blood biochemistry and routine tests were examined using standard methods and automatic machines. CT examination was performed several times during hospitalization as necessary. Results A total of 67 confirmed COVID-19 cases were diagnosed; 64 (95.4%) were common cases and three (4.5%) were severe cases. The most common symptoms at admission were fever (86.6%), cough (77.6%), productive cough (52.2%), chest distress (17.9%), and sore throat (11.9%), followed by diarrhea (7.4%), headache (7.4%), shortness of breath (6.0%), dizziness (4.5%), muscular soreness (4.5%), and running nose (4.5%). Thirty patients (47.8%) had increased C-reactive protein levels. The CT radiographs at admission showed abnormal findings in 54 (80.6%) patients. The patients were treated mainly by oxygen therapy and antiviral drugs. By March 3, 2020, all 67 patients completely recovered and had negative nucleic acid tests. The patients were discharged from the hospital and transferred to a medical observation isolation center for further observation. Conclusion Cases of COVID-19 in Wenzhou are milder and have a better prognosis, compared to those in Wuhan. Timely and appropriate screening, diagnosis, and treatment are the key to achieve good outcomes.

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Beneficial Postprandial Effect of a Small Amount of Alcohol on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Modification by Insulin Resistance

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2004-1511 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 90 (2) ◽

pp. 661-672 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Jerry R. Greenfield ◽

Katherine Samaras ◽

Chris S. Hayward ◽

Donald J. Chisholm ◽

Lesley V. Campbell

Keyword(s):

Energy Expenditure ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Applanation Tonometry ◽

Cardiovascular Risks ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Total Adiponectin ◽

Low Carbohydrate

Moderate alcohol consumption protects against type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Because humans spend most of their time in the postprandial state, we examined the effect of 15 g alcohol on postprandial metabolic factors in 20 postmenopausal women over 6 h. We measured 1) glucose, insulin, lipids, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin levels; 2) augmentation index by applanation tonometry; and 3) energy expenditure and substrate oxidation by indirect calorimetry. Subjects received low carbohydrate (LC; visits 1 and 2) and high carbohydrate (HC; visits 3 and 4) high fat meals with and without alcohol. Alcohol augmented the postprandial increment in insulin (P = 0.07) and reduced the postprandial increment in glucose (P = 0.04) after the LC meal only. Triglycerides were increased by alcohol after the LC (P = 0.002) and HC (P = 0.008) meals. Total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fatty acids, and total adiponectin responses were unaffected. C-reactive protein levels decreased postprandially; reductions were enhanced by alcohol after the HC meal, but were attenuated after the LC meal. Postprandial reductions in the augmentation index were increased by alcohol after the LC meal only (P = 0.007). Alcohol enhanced the postprandial increase in energy expenditure 30–60 min after the LC meal (increase, 373 ± 49 vs. 236 ± 32 kcal/d; P = 0.02) and HC meal (increase, 362 ± 36 vs. 205 ± 34 kcal/d; P = 0.0009), but suppressed fat and carbohydrate oxidation. Some of our findings may be mechanisms for lower diabetes and cardiovascular risks in moderate drinkers.

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