Consumption of a high glycemic index diet increases abdominal adiposity but does not influence adipose tissue pro-oxidant and antioxidant gene expression in C57BL/6 mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Colbert Coate ◽  
Kevin W. Huggins
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Antioxidant Gene ◽  
Antioxidant Gene Expression ◽  
High Glycemic Index

scholarly journals In response to oxidative stress, the expression of inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant enzymes are impaired in placenta, but not adipose tissue, of women with gestational diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Lappas ◽  
Amberlee Mittion ◽  
Michael Permezel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Antioxidant Gene ◽  
Antioxidant Gene Expression

In response to oxidative stress, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) placenta releases less 8-isoprostane and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) α. The effect of oxidative stress on other cytokines and antioxidant gene expressions are unknown. The aim of this study is to further explore the antioxidant status and effect of oxidative stress in GDM tissue. Human placenta, omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue from women with and without GDM were exposed to hypoxanthine (HX)/xanthine oxidase (XO). Cytokine release was analysed by ELISA and cytokine and antioxidant gene expression by RT-PCR. Catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GSR) mRNA expression was higher in GDM (n=18) compared with normal (n=23) placenta. There was no difference in glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase mRNA expression. Antioxidant gene expression was unaltered between normal (n=18) and GDM (n=10) adipose tissue. HX/XO treatment significantly stimulated cytokine release (13/16 cytokines) and cytokine mRNA expression, and decreased antioxidant gene expression (CAT and GSR) in human placenta from normal pregnant women. In GDM placenta, HX/XO only significantly increased the release of 3/16 cytokines, while there was no effect on antioxidant gene expression. In normal and GDM adipose tissues, HX/XO increased proinflammatory cytokine and 8-isoprostane release, while there was no change in antioxidant gene expression. GDM placenta is characterised by increased antioxidant gene expression, and is less responsive to exogenous oxidative stress than tissues obtained from normal pregnant women. This may represent a protective or adaptive mechanism to prevent damage from further oxidative insult in utero as indicated by increased tissue antioxidant expression.

scholarly journals Adipocytes and intestinal epithelium dysfunctions linking obesity to inflammation induced by high glycemic index pellet-diet in Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Beatriz Santana Luz ◽  
Júlia Braga dos Santos Figueredo ◽  
Bianca Damásio Pereira Dantas Salviano ◽  
Ana Júlia Felipe Camelo Aguiar ◽  
Luiza Gabriella Soares Dantas Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Liver And Pancreas ◽  
High Glycemic Index ◽  
Visceral Adipose

We investigated the inflammatory effect of a pellet-diet with high glycemic index and load (HGLI) on the histological organization of adipocytes, intestinal epithelium, and fat in liver and pancreas in adult male Wistar rats. Two groups (n=10) received for 17 weeks: (1) HGLI diet or (2) Standard diet (Labina®). Histological analyses of adipose tissue, jejunum, liver, and pancreas were performed. Stereology analysis, visceral adiposity index, gene expression, and immunohistochemistry of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in visceral adipose tissue and plasma TNF-α were also assessed. The HGLI diet-induced hypertrophy of adipocytes with adipocyte volume density equal to 97.0%, cross-sectional area of adipocytes equivalent to 1387 µm² and a total volume of adipocytes of 6.97 cm³ an elevation of 8%, 25%, and 58%, respectively. Furthermore, the HGLI diet increased liver and pancreatic fat deposition, altered and inflamed the intestinal epithelia, and increased TNF-α gene expression (P=0.014) with a positive immunostaining in visceral adipose tissue and high plasma TNF-α in comparison with standard diet. The results suggest that this diet was able to generate changes commonly caused to solid diets with high fat or fructose-rich beverages. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature concerning the properties of low-cost, sucrose-rich pellet-diet presenting high glycemic index and high glycemic load efficient on the development of obesity complications in Wistar rats that were subjected to diet-induced obesity. Therefore, the HGLI pellet-diet may be considered an effective tool to be used by the scientific community in experimental research.

scholarly journals Multiwall Carbon Nanotube-Induced Apoptosis and Antioxidant Gene Expression in the Gills, Liver, and Intestine ofOryzias latipes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Wuk Lee ◽  
Young Chul Choi ◽  
Rosa Kim ◽  
Sung Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Gene Induction ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Antioxidant Gene ◽  
Significant Gene ◽  
Antioxidant Gene Expression ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Multiwall Carbon

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have many attractive properties with potential applications in various fields. Despite their usefulness, however, the associated waste can be hazardous to the environment. To examine adverse effects in aquatic environments,Oryzias latipeswere exposed to MWCNTs dispersed in water for 14 days and apoptosis and antioxidant gene expression were observed. This work showed that in gills exposed to 100 mg/L MWCNTs for 4 days, there was significantp53,caspase-3 (Cas3),caspase-8 (Cas8), andcaspase-9 (Cas9)gene expression relative to the controls, whilecatalase (CAT)andglutathione-S-transferase (GST)expression were reduced. At 14 days,CAT,GST, andmetallothionein (MT)were induced significantly in the gills andCas3,Cas8, andCas9were induced in the liver. No significant gene induction was seen in intestine. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased significantly only at 14 days. Histologically, no apoptosis was observed with exposure to 100 mg/L MWCNTs for 21 days. The gills were more sensitive to MWCNT toxicity than the other organs. Males had higher apoptosis gene induction than females. These results demonstrated that MWCNTs could cause apoptosis in a manner influenced by tissue and gender in aqueous environments.

Effect of silicon in Pyropia yezoensis under temperature and irradiance stresses through antioxidant gene expression

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 1297-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Le ◽  
Mawra Nadeem ◽  
Seung-Hwan Yang ◽  
Jong-Am Shin ◽  
Man-Gu Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pyropia Yezoensis ◽  
Antioxidant Gene ◽  
Antioxidant Gene Expression
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