Morphological characteristics of the optic nerve evaluated by confocal laser tomography (HRT3) and laser polarimetry (GDx-VCC) in a normal population from the city of Barcelona

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 507-516
Author(s):  
M. Fallon ◽  
M. Pazos ◽  
A. Morilla ◽  
M.A. Sebastián ◽  
R. Xancó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Laser Polarimetry ◽  
Gdx Vcc ◽  
Laser Tomography ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Changes of Spatial Characteristics: Socio-Cultural Sustainability in Historical Neighborhood in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6212
Author(s):  
Huiming Liu ◽  
Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
City Development ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Continuity ◽  
Cultural Sustainability ◽  
The City ◽  
Beijing China

This paper uses a typological approach as a tool to establish an analytical framework from a physical perspective to understand ‘place‘ and to identify key spatial characteristics that could adapt to local needs to deliver socio-cultural sustainability. Six representative housing types with their spaces and uses that were introduced in a historic neighborhood in Beijing, China are selected as case studies. Their morphological characteristics at the building, open space and neighborhood scales are examined, and typological transformations among the cases in terms of the degree of spatial continuity are identified. The paper proposes an analytical framework consisting of fifteen indicators to assess socio-cultural sustainability at the different morphological scales (building, open space and block/neighborhood) of the residents of the six cases. The score of changes from its original design is brought into calculations of continuities of spatial characteristics, which present the transitions and transformations of morphological characteristics in relation to adaptation of local needs and uses. The analysis results show that the spatial characteristics were changed when political-socioeconomic ideologies changed, and local needs and uses were transformed to follow these mutations, and finally, the methods of use in different morphological scales mostly differed from historical norms. Although the continuities of spatial characteristics were significantly changed, they are positively and continually accommodating the transformations and transitions of local needs and uses. On the other hand, the invariant spatial characteristics are important, which last despite transformation of the city development and changing of political-social-economic ideologies, and could be maintained for future development to enhance sociocultural sustainability.

scholarly journals Bioindication of atmospheric air quality based on the condition of Pinus sylvestris l. Needles in the conditions of the city of Orsk, Orenburg region

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
The City ◽  
Industrial Center

The article presents the results of a bioindication study of atmospheric air pollution on the condition of pine needles (Pinus sylvestris L.) on the example of the city of Orsk, Orenburg region. The city of Orsk is a major industrial center of the Southern Urals. The research was carried out on 6 sites located within the city with different anthropogenic loads. The research method is based on the direct dependence of damage to Pinus sylvestris L. needles (necrosis and desiccation) on the level of atmospheric air pollution. Analyzed the morphological characteristics of the needles of Pinus sylvestris L. in the studied areas. The result of the study is an assessment of the state of atmospheric air. Keywords: BIOINDICATION, SCOTS PINE, NEEDLES, AIR POLLUTION, ORSK CITY, ORENBURG REGION

scholarly journals Incidence of Monoclonal Proteins in a Minnesota Community With a Cluster of Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Kyle ◽  
Sidney Finkelstein ◽  
Lila R. Elveback ◽  
Leonard T. Kurland
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Monoclonal Proteins ◽  
The City

Abstract Multiple myeloma was diagnosed in six residents of Thief River Falls, Minn. in 1968 (a rate of 84/100,000). A survey of the normal population for monoclonal serum protein peaks was undertaken in 1969. Serum from 1200 residents of the city, who were 50 yr of age or older, was collected. Fifteen (1.25%) had monoclonal serum protein peaks: IgG in 11, IgA in one, and IgM in three, with kappa in 11 and lambda in four. No clinical, laboratory, or roentgenographic evidence of myeloma or macroglobulinemia was found in any of the patients. The incidence of monoclonal serum protein peaks is similar to that reported from Sweden. It was concluded that there was no significant increase in monoclonal proteins in the population of Thief River Falls. The 1968 socalled epidemic of multiple myeloma in Thief River Falls remains unexplained.

scholarly journals THE INFERENCE OF THE CHANGES OF AXONAL TRANSPORT OF OPTIC NERVE BY DEFORMATIONS OF LAMINA CRIBROSA

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2040027
Author(s):  
YUSHU LIU ◽  
LIPING MA ◽  
WEI GAO ◽  
ZHICHENG LIU ◽  
SHOUXIN WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Lamina Cribrosa ◽  
Confocal Laser

Understanding the relationship between the changes in the axonal transport of the optic nerve (ON) and lamina cribrosa (LC) deformation will be helpful to estimate the degree of axonal transport block by measuring the LC deformation in vivo. First, the changes in the axonal transport of the ON were studied using an acute high intraocular pressure (IOP) model, which was established by perfusing saline water into the anterior chamber of cats. The IOP of cat was unilaterally elevated to and maintained at 30, 40, and 50[Formula: see text]mmHg. The axonal transport of the ON was examined by confocal laser scanning microscope. Then the deformations and stress distributions of the LC and ON were calculated using a three-dimensional finite element model of the LC microstructure including ON. The results showed axonal transport changes of ON increased with elevation of the IOPs. While Young’s modulus of the LC and ON were assumed as 0.1[Formula: see text]MPa and 0.03[Formula: see text]MPa, the numerical simulation results showed that LC had displacements of 0.02, 0.03, and 0.04[Formula: see text]mm backward at the IOPs of 30, 40, and 50[Formula: see text]mmHg, respectively. The calculated compressive strain applied to the ON were 0.0425, 0.0567, and 0.0709 under 30, 40, and 50[Formula: see text]mmHg IOP, respectively. The results of strain and stress analysis of LC and ON showed that the deformation of LC would compress the ON. The axonal transport abnormalities could be inferred by measuring the LC deformation in vivo.

scholarly journals Understanding the Informal Morphology of Villages-in-the-City: A Case Study in Hanoi City, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13136
Author(s):  
Ngo Kien Thinh ◽  
Yun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Informal Urbanism ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Level

This paper explores the production of space in the villages-in-the-city (ViCs) through a morphological perspective. During the urbanization process, rural villages originally located in the peri-area of a metropolis are eventually merged into the urban landscape. Due to lack of proper planning, these villages have faced serious criticism due to informality, self-organized development and sub-standard living conditions, and planning policies tend to focus on demolition rather than on incrementally upgrading ViCs on the same site. In this paper, we focus on the fluidity of spaces in ViCs by drawing on a case study in Hanoi, Vietnam. The key research methods are mapping, observation and visual recording. The findings illustrate how informal urbanism works in ViCs regarding spatial structure, public/private interfaces and incremental upgrading. On a theoretical level, this research helps to enrich the description of the morphological characteristics of ViCs with relation to the effects of rapid urbanization. On a practical level, this study contributes to the ways in which researchers and planners can engage with incremental changes in the integrated village.

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