Estimating the Reliability of Glaucomatous Visual Field for the Accurate Assessment of Progression Using the Gaze-Tracking and Reliability Indices

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Asaoka ◽  
Yuri Fujino ◽  
Shuichiro Aoki ◽  
Masato Matsuura ◽  
Hiroshi Murata
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Gaze Tracking ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
The Gaze

The association between ocular surface measurements with visual field reliability indices and gaze tracking results in preperimetric glaucoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-530
Author(s):  
Takahiro Arai ◽  
Hiroshi Murata ◽  
Masato Matsuura ◽  
Tomohiko Usui ◽  
Ryo Asaoka
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Gaze Tracking ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
The Relationship

Background/aimsTo investigate the relationship between gaze tracking (GT) results and ocular surface condition in glaucoma.MethodThe Humphrey 24–2 visual field (VF) was measured in 34 eyes of 30 patients with open-angle glaucoma without VF damage. Tear break-up time, Schirmer’s test, tear meniscus volume (TMV) and presence of superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) were also measured in order to describe the condition of the ocular surface. Various GT parameters were calculated: the average frequency of eye movements per stimulus between 1° and 2° (move1-2), the average frequency of eye movements per stimulus between 3° and 5° (move3-5), the average frequency of eye movements per stimulus more than 6° (move≥6), the average tracking failure frequency per stimulus (TFF) and the average blinking frequency. The relationship between GT parameters, reliability indices and ocular surface measurements was investigated using linear mixed modelling.ResultsSPK was positively associated with high rates of move3-5 (coefficient=0.12 for SPK+, p=0.003) and move≥6 (coefficient=0.052 for SPK+, p=0.023). High TMV was significantly related to TFF (coefficient=0.37, p=0.023). Fixation losses, false-positives and false-negatives were not significantly associated with any GT parameters or ocular surface measurements.ConclusionSPK is associated with increased frequency of eye movements (move3-5 and move≥6). In addition, large TMV is associated with increased rate of TFF. Careful attention should be paid when interpreting GT parameters in patients with SPK or a large TMV.

scholarly journals Cancionero Imagery and the Haptic Power of the Gaze in Roís Corella’s Història de Leànder i Hero

2018 ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Luis F. López González
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Passionate Love ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Visual Discourses

The purpose of this study is to show the import of vision and visual discourses in the articulation of desire in Joan Roís de Corella’s fifteenth-century Història de Leànder i Hero. The topoi of the “arrows of love” and the power of the gaze to make others fall in love represent both the catalyst that sets in motion the passionate love of Hero and Leànder and the means through which the lovers express their desire and longings. After Hero and Leànder wound each other with the arrows of love, they cannot stop their life-long quest to apprehend visually each other either across the crowd of guests in the festivity or across the Hellespont. Hero’s tower, which becomes a metonym for Hero, is always within Leànder’s choric visual field and cannot stop staring until he dies. Like Leànder, when her lover is not in Sestos with her, Hero cannot stop gazing across the sea in search Leànder. Hence after Leànder drowns and the currents carry his corpse to the shore of Sestos, Hero opens his eyes and kisses them with her own eyes. The eyes-to-eyes kiss underscores and attests to the preeminence of vision and visual theories in forming and conveying desire through sight. Corella, then, uses optical theories, extant during his own time, to showcase the power of the gaze in the articulation and expression of human behavior and desire.

Compass fundus automated perimetry

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Fogagnolo ◽  
Maurizio Digiuni ◽  
Giovanni Montesano ◽  
Chiara Rui ◽  
Marco Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Automated Perimetry ◽  
Standard Automated Perimetry ◽  
Gaze Tracking ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Global Indices ◽  
Humphrey Field Analyzer ◽  
The Impact

Background: Compass (CenterVue, Padova, Italy) is a fundus automated perimeter which has been introduced in the clinical practice for glaucoma management in 2014. The aim of the article is to review Compass literature, comparing its performances against Humphrey Field Analyzer (Zeiss Humphrey Systems, Dublin, CA, USA). Results: Analyses on both normal and glaucoma subjects agree on the fact that Humphrey Field Analyzer and Compass are interchangeable, as the difference of their global indices is largely inferior than test -retest variability for Humphrey Field Analyzer. Compass also enables interesting opportunities for the assessment of morphology, and the integration between morphology and function on the same device. Conclusion: Visual field testing by standard automated perimetry is limited by a series of intrinsic factors related to the psychophysical nature of the examination; recent papers suggest that gaze tracking is closely related to visual field reliability. Compass, thanks to a retinal tracker and to the active dislocation of stimuli to compensate for eye movements, is able to provide visual fields unaffected by fixation instability. Also, the instrument is a true colour, confocal retinoscope and obtains high-quality 60° × 60° photos of the central retina and stereo-photos details of the optic nerve. Overlapping the image of the retina to field sensitivity may be useful in ascertaining the impact of comorbidities. In addition, the recent introduction of stereoscopic photography may be very useful for better clinical examination.

Analysis of Reliability Indices from Humphrey Visual Field Tests in an Urban Glaucoma Population

Ophthalmology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 1126-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Birt ◽  
Dong H. Shin ◽  
Vara Samudrala ◽  
Brett A. Hughes ◽  
Chaesik Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Humphrey Visual Field

scholarly journals Defining gaze tracking metrics by observing a growing divide between 2D and 3D tracking

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11) ◽  
pp. 129-1-129-10
Author(s):  
William Andrew Blakey ◽  
Stamos Katsigiannis ◽  
Navid Hajimirza ◽  
Naeem Ramzan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
3D Tracking ◽  
Gaze Tracking ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Intersection Points ◽  
Accuracy Measures ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Tracking Technology

This work examines the different terminology used for defining gaze tracking technology and explores the different methodologies used for describing their respective accuracy. Through a comparative study of different gaze tracking technologies, such as infrared and webcam-based, and utilising a variety of accuracy metrics, this work shows how the reported accuracy can be misleading. The lack of intersection points between the gaze vectors of different eyes (also known as convergence points) in definitions has a huge impact on accuracy measures and directly impacts the robustness of any accuracy measuring methodology. Different accuracy metrics and tracking definitions have been collected and tabulated to more formally demonstrate the divide in definitions.

scholarly journals A Study on the Mechanism of Social Robot Attitude Formation through Consumer Gaze Analysis: Focusing on the Robot Face

2022 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Sangjip Ha ◽  
Eun-ju Yi ◽  
In-jin Yoo ◽  
Do-Hyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Social Robot ◽  
Attitude Formation ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Robot Design ◽  
Gaze Tracking ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Consumer Beliefs ◽  
The Social

This study intends to utilize eye tracking for the appearance of a robot, which is one of the trends in social robot design research. We suggest a research model with the entire stage from the consumer gaze response to the perceived consumer beliefs and further their attitudes toward social robots. Specifically, the eye tracking indicators used in this study are Fixation, First Visit, Total Viewed Stay Time, and Number of Revisits. Also, Areas of Interest are selected to the face, eyes, lips, and full-body of a social robot. In the first relationship, we check which element of the social robot design the consumer’s gaze stays on, and how the gaze on each element affects consumer beliefs. The consumer beliefs are considered as the social robot’s emotional expression, humanness, and facial prominence. Second, we explore whether the formation of consumer attitudes is possible through two major channels. One is the path that the consumer beliefs formed through the gaze influence their attitude, and the other is the path that the consumer gaze response directly influences the attitude. This study made a theoretical contribution in that it finally analysed the path of consumer attitude formation from various angles by linking the gaze tracking reaction and consumer perception. In addition, it is expected to make practical contributions in the suggestion of specific design insights that can be used as a reference for designing social robots.

The Association Between Visual Field Reliability Indices and Cognitive Impairment in Glaucoma Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 685-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushpa Raman ◽  
Yeap Khy Ching ◽  
Premala D. Sivagurunathan ◽  
Norlina Ramli ◽  
Khairul H. Mohd. Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Field Reliability
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