Extracts from The Cochrane Library

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Burton ◽  
Marion E. Couch ◽  
Richard M. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
The Cochrane Library

The “Cochrane Corner” is a quarterly section in the Journal that highlights systematic reviews relevant to otolaryngology–head and neck surgery, with invited commentary to aid clinical decision making. This installment features a Cochrane Review entitled “Homeopathic medicines for adverse effects of cancer treatments,” which finds preliminary data to support efficacy of topical calendula for radiation-induced dermatitis and a proprietary mouthwash for chemotherapy-induced stomatitis.

Extracts from The Cochrane Library: Nasal saline irrigations for the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Burton ◽  
Lee D. Eisenberg ◽  
Richard M. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library

The “Cochrane Corner” is a quarterly section in the journal that highlights systematic reviews relevant to otolaryngology–head and neck surgery, with invited commentary to highlight implications for clinical decision-making. This installment features a Cochrane Review entitled “Nasal saline irrigations for the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis,” which shows that saline irrigations are well-tolerated and could be included as a treatment adjunct for the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Extracts from The Cochrane Library: Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Burton ◽  
Ronald B. Kuppersmith ◽  
Richard M. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Primary Care Setting ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library

The “Cochrane Corner” is a quarterly section in the Journal that highlights systematic reviews relevant to otolaryngology–head and neck surgery, with invited commentary to highlight implications for clinical decision making. This installment features a Cochrane Review entitled “Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis,” which concludes a small treatment effect in patients with uncomplicated acute sinusitis in a primary care setting with symptoms for more than seven days.

scholarly journals Learning the Preferences of Physicians for the Organization of Result Lists of Medical Evidence Articles

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (05) ◽  
pp. 344-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wilk ◽  
W. Michalowski ◽  
R. Slowinski ◽  
R. Thomas ◽  
M. Kadzinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Value Functions ◽  
List Position ◽  
Relevant Article ◽  
Information Retrieval Systems ◽  
The Cochrane Library

SummaryBackground: Online medical knowledge repositories such as MEDLINE and The Cochrane Library are increasingly used by physicians to retrieve articles to aid with clinical decision making. The prevailing approach for organizing retrieved articles is in the form of a rank-ordered list, with the assumption that the higher an article is presented on a list, the more relevant it is.Objectives: Despite this common list-based organization, it is seldom studied how physicians perceive the association between the relevance of articles and the order in which articles are presented. In this paper we describe a case study that captured physician preferences for 3-element lists of medical articles in order to learn how to organize medical knowledge for decision-making.Methods: Comprehensive relevance evaluations were developed to represent 3-element lists of hypothetical articles that may be retrieved from an online medical knowledge source such as MEDLINE or The Cochrane Library. Comprehensive relevance evalua tions asses not only an article’s relevance for a query, but also whether it has been placed on the correct list position. In other words an article may be relevant and correctly placed on a result list (e.g. the most relevant article appears first in the result list), an article may be relevant for a query but placed on an incorrect list position (e.g. the most relevant article appears second in a result list), or an article may be irrelevant for a query yet still appear in the result list. The relevance evaluations were presented to six senior physi cians who were asked to express their preferences for an article’s relevance and its position on a list by pairwise comparisons representing different combinations of 3-element lists. The elicited preferences were assessed using a novel GRIP (Generalized Regression with Intensities of Preference) method and represented as an additive value function. Value functions were derived for individual physicians as well as the group of physicians.Results: The results show that physicians assign significant value to the 1st position on a list and they expect that the most relevant article is presented first. Whilst physicians still prefer obtaining a correctly placed article on position 2, they are also quite satisfied with misplaced relevant article. Low consideration of the 3rd position was uniformly confirmed.Conclusions: Our findings confirm the importance of placing the most relevant article on the 1st position on a list and the importance paid to position on a list significantly diminishes after the 2nd position. The derived value functions may be used by developers of clinical decision support applications to decide how best to organize medical knowledge for decision making and to create personalized evaluation measures that can augment typical measures used to evaluate information retrieval systems.

Topical Steroid for Chronic Rhinosinusitis without Polyps

2012 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Martin J. Burton ◽  
Matthew W. Ryan ◽  
Richard M. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Topical Steroid ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Placebo Controls

The “Cochrane Corner” is a quarterly section in the Journal that highlights systematic reviews relevant to otolaryngology–head and neck surgery, with invited commentary to aid clinical decision making. This installment features a Cochrane Review, titled “Topical Steroid for Chronic Rhinosinusitis without Polyps,” that finds good evidence to support therapeutic benefits with no increase in adverse events compared with placebo controls.

Cochrane Corner: Extracts from The Cochrane Library: Intranasal Steroids for Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
Richard Orlandi ◽  
Clair Hopkins ◽  
Carl Philpott ◽  
Richard M. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Intranasal Steroids ◽  
Expert Commentary ◽  
The Cochrane Library

The Cochrane Corner is a section in the journal that highlights systematic reviews relevant to otolaryngology–head and neck surgery, with invited commentary to aid clinical decision making. This installment features a pair of related Cochrane Reviews on intranasal steroids for chronic rhinosinusitis, which identify low- to moderate-quality evidence for a beneficial effect on overall symptoms, nasal congestion, and rhinorrhea. There is no evidence, however, to suggest superiority of any particular steroid preparation or drug delivery system. The related expert commentary should help clinicians make the best treatment decisions based on the studies and outcomes identified in these Cochrane Reviews.

scholarly journals A scoping review protocol of evidence-based guidance published by general practitioner professional organisations

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Emer O'Brien ◽  
Barbara Clyne ◽  
Susan M. Smith ◽  
Noirin O'Herlihy ◽  
Velma Harkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Introduction: General practitioners (GPs) strive to use a patient centred approach to achieve shared decision making by integrating clinical evidence, clinical judgement, and patient priorities. This protocol outlines a scoping review to identify what evidence-based guidance is produced by general practitioner professional organisations internationally to support general practice clinical decision making. Methods: This scoping review will be conducted using the framework proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR), will be used to guide the reporting. Two researchers will search electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus), grey literature sources and contact international GP professional organisations directly to identify appropriate studies for inclusion. Key information will be categorised and classified to generate a summary of the methods used internationally to develop and implement evidence-based guides for general practitioners and a narrative synthesis will be conducted. Conclusions: This scoping review will identify the role of GP professional organisations in generating, endorsing and/or disseminating evidence-based guidance for supporting general practitioner’s clinical decision making to benefit patient care.

scholarly journals Criteria for return to running after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a scoping review

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 1437-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre J M Rambaud ◽  
Clare L Ardern ◽  
Patricia Thoreux ◽  
Jean-Philippe Regnaux ◽  
Pascal Edouard
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Hop Test ◽  
Injured Knee

ObjectiveTo describe the criteria used to guide clinical decision-making regarding when a patient is ready to return to running (RTR) after ACL reconstruction.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesThe MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, PEDro, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Library electronic databases. We also screened the reference lists of included studies and conducted forward citation tracking.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesReported at least one criterion for permitting adult patients with primary ACL reconstruction to commence running postoperatively.Results201 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and reported 205 time-based criteria for RTR. The median time from when RTR was permitted was 12 postoperative weeks (IQR=3.3, range 5–39 weeks). Fewer than one in five studies used additional clinical, strength or performance-based criteria for decision-making regarding RTR. Aside from time, the most frequently reported criteria for RTR were: full knee range of motion or >95% of the non-injured knee plus no pain or pain <2 on visual analogue scale; isometric extensor limb symmetry index (LSI)>70% plus extensor and flexor LSI>70%; and hop test LSI>70%.ConclusionsFewer than one in five studies reported clinical, strength or performance-based criteria for RTR even though best evidence recommends performance-based criteria combined with time-based criteria to commence running activities following ACL reconstruction.

scholarly journals Hypothyroidism and related diseases: a methodological quality assessment of meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e024111
Author(s):  
Limin Tian ◽  
Feifei Shao ◽  
Yahong Qin ◽  
Qian Guo ◽  
Cuixia Gao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

ObjectivesThere is an increasing prevalence of hypothyroidism and there is a growing body of meta-analyses (MAs) on the association between hypothyroidism and other diseases. However, the methodological quality of the MAs significantly varies. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate and summarise data on the methodological quality of MAs on the associations between hypothyroidism and other diseases using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) scale, providing suggestions for clinical decision-making processes.DesignTo assess the methodological quality of MAs using the AMSTAR scale.Data sourcesA systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, web of science and Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database.Eligibility criteriaWe included MAs that had assessed the association between hypothyroidism and other diseases in humans and that had full texts regardless of the publication status. No restriction applied on language or date.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts of all searched literature to acquire potentially eligible publications. The full texts of possible eligible publications were downloaded and assessed. Inconsistent comments were resolved through discussions with a third reviewer.Results52 studies were included. The average AMSTAR score of the included articles was 8.6 (range: 5–10), and those of English and Chinese MAs were 8.8 and 7.0, respectively. A total of 52 MAs were evaluated, and 19 (36.5%) and 33 (63.5%) of these MAs were of moderate and high quality, respectively. None of the MAs were of low quality. Only two MAs had an a priori design. Items 3, 5 and 9 had the highest compliance (50/52, 96.2%), and aside from item 1, items 7 and 8 had the lowest compliance (33/52,63.5%). According to the results of these MAs, hypothyroidism was significantly associated with cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, neuropsychiatric disorders, breast cancer and pregnancy outcome.ConclusionsThe methodological quality of the included MAs on the association between hypothyroidism and other diseases was moderate to high. MAs with high qualities confirmed that hypothyroidism was significantly associated with cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, preterm birth and neonatal outcomes. Consideration of scientific quality when formulating conclusions should be made explicit and more attention should be paid to improving the methodological quality of MAs, and increasing their applicability for clinical decision-making.

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