Insecticide resistance monitoring of house fly populations from the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie C. Freeman ◽  
Douglas H. Ross ◽  
Jeffrey G. Scott
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Resistance Monitoring

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis ofEscherichia colifrom Retail Meats (2002–2004) from the United States National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Johnson ◽  
James S. McCabe ◽  
David G. White ◽  
Brian Johnston ◽  
Michael A. Kuskowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Resistance Monitoring ◽  
Retail Meats

Knockdown Resistance-Associated Mutations Dominate Populations of the Common Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Across the South Central United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1678-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G Holleman ◽  
Grant A Robison ◽  
Ian J Bellovich ◽  
Warren Booth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Knockdown Resistance ◽  
The South ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Old World ◽  
Bed Bug ◽  
South Central ◽  
Central United States

Abstract Despite awareness of the mutations conferring insecticide resistance in the bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), within the United States few studies address the distribution and frequency of these. Within the United States, studies have focused on collections made along the East Coast and Midwest, documenting the occurrence of two mutations (V419L and L925I) within the voltage-gated sodium channel α-subunit gene shown to be associated with knockdown resistance (kdr) to pyrethroids. Here, the distribution and frequency of the V419L and L925I site variants is reported from infestations sampled within Oklahoma and its immediately adjacent states. Additionally, the presence of a mutation previously undocumented in the United States (I935F) is noted. While novel in the United States, this mutation has previously been reported in Australian and Old World populations. No infestations were found to harbor wild-type individuals, and hence susceptible, at each of the three sites. Instead, ~21% were found to possess the resistant mutation at the L925I site (haplotype B), ~77% had mutations at both the V419L and L925I sites (haplotype C), and 2% possessed the mutation at the L936F site (haplotype Ab). The high frequency of haplotype C corresponds to previous studies in the United States, and contrasts dramatically with those of the Old World and Australia. The data presented here provide insight into the contemporary occurrence of kdr-associated insecticide resistance in the South Central United States, a region for which data have previously been absent. These data suggest that New World and Old World/Australian infestations are likely to have originated from different origins.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance among Invasive NontyphoidalSalmonella entericaIsolates in the United States: National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, 1996 to 2007

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1148-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Crump ◽  
Felicita M. Medalla ◽  
Kevin W. Joyce ◽  
Amy L. Krueger ◽  
R. Michael Hoekstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Resistance Monitoring ◽  
Common Serotypes

ABSTRACTNontyphoidal salmonellae (NTS) are important causes of community-acquired bloodstream infection. We describe patterns of antimicrobial resistance among invasive NTS in the United States. We compared bloodstream NTS isolates with those from stool submitted to the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) from 1996 to 2007. We describe antimicrobial resistance among invasive strains by serogroup and serotype. Of the 19,302 NTS isolates, 17,804 (92.2%) were from stool or blood. Of these, 1,050 (5.9%) were bloodstream isolates. The median ages (ranges) of patients with and without bacteremia were 36 (<1 to 97) years and 20 (<1 to 105) years, respectively (P< 0.001). Males (odds ratio [OR], 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06 to 1.38) and those ≥65 years of age were at greater risk for invasive disease.Salmonella entericaserotypes Enteritidis, Typhimurium, and Heidelberg were the most common serotypes isolated from blood;S. entericaserotypes Dublin, Sandiego, and Schwarzengrund were associated with the greatest risk for bloodstream isolation. Of invasive isolates, 208 (19.8%) were resistant to ampicillin, 117 (11.1%) to chloramphenicol, and 26 (2.5%) to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; 28 (2.7%) isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and 26 (2.5%) to ceftriaxone. Antimicrobial resistance to traditional agents is common. However, the occurrence of nalidixic acid and ceftriaxone resistance among invasive NTS is cause for clinical and public health vigilance.

Insecticide resistance in house flies from the United States: Resistance levels and frequency of pyrethroid resistance alleles

2013 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Scott ◽  
Cheryl A. Leichter ◽  
Frank D. Rinkevihc ◽  
Sarah A. Harris ◽  
Cathy Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
House Flies

HYMENOPTEROUS PARASITOIDS OF FILTH FLY (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE) PUPAE IN CATTLE FEEDLOTS

1999 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Floate ◽  
B. Khan ◽  
G. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Filth Flies ◽  
Geographic Distributions ◽  
Cattle Feedlots

AbstractResults of a 2-year survey in Alberta, Canada, identified a parasitoid fauna of filth flies distinct from that generally reported for cattle confinements in the United States. Twenty-two feedlots were surveyed using freeze-killed sentinel house fly pupae. Parasitism averaged 0.25%. Ten species of hymenopterous parasitoids were recovered. As a percentage of the total number of pupae parasitized, these species were Muscidifurax raptor Girault & Saunders (37.4%), Trichomalopsis sarcophagae Gahan (23.9%), Urolepis rufipes (Ashmead) (18.5%), Muscidifurax zaraptor Kogan & Legner (6.9%), Nasonia vitripennis Walker (6.5%), Trichomalopsis sp. (3.7%) (Pteromalidae), Phygadeuon sp. (2.9%) (Ichneumonidae), Dibrachys cavus (Walker) (0.1%) (Pteromalidae), Synacra sp. (0.1%) (Diapriidae), and an unidentified Braconidae (0.1%). No differences were detected among natural regions of the province. Three categories of seasonal activity are identified which expand on previous groupings of species by their geographic distributions. The abundance of T. sarcophagae and rarity of species of Spalangia Latreille, 1805 are in marked contrast to results of surveys conducted in the United States. This difference suggests that species used to manage populations of pestiferous flies associated with livestock in the United States could be inappropriate for use in Canada.

scholarly journals Perfil de resistencia antimicrobiana de bacterias aisladas de infecciones y de la microbiota ocular

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Laura Victoria Martín Algarra ◽  
Martha Catalina Sánchez Rocha ◽  
Geraldine Roldón Correa ◽  
Martha Fabiola Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Resistance Monitoring ◽  
United States Today ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Academic Search

Introducción: en los últimos años, el aumento de cepas resistentes a los antimicrobianos puede deberse a su uso indiscriminado y excesivo. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha promovido la vigilancia mundial de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos; sin embargo, la mayor limitante es la falta de datos confiables en algunos países. Estudios como el Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR), de 2009 y 2013, y el Tracking Resistance in the United States Today (TRUST) refieren que el microorganismo más prevalente en infecciones en el mundo es el Staphylococcus aureus y un alto porcentaje son Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente (SAMR), que son de gran importancia para la salud pública por su alta resistencia a los antimicrobianos.Objetivo: identificar los principales perfiles de resistencia antimicrobiana de bacterias aisladas de infecciones o de la microbiota ocular.Métodos: revisión sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos EBSCOhost: Academic Search, Medline, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Springer, PubMed y Google Academic, con las palabras clave ocular, antimicrobial y resistance, entre 2010 y 2017.Resultados: se analizaron 30 artículos de los últimos siete años sobre resistencia antimicrobiana. En la mayoría de países predominó el género Staphylococcus (S. aureus, 45 % ECN, 37 %), Pseudomona (8 %) y Streptococcus (7 %). Los porcentajes más bajos fueron de Corynebacterium (2 %) y Klebsiella (1 %).Conclusiones: la mayoría de los aislados del globo ocular reportados en el contexto mundial presentan resistencia a los betalactámicos. El incremento en la resistencia a estos antibióticos implica un grave problema terapéutico en el ámbito hospitalario.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance among Shigella Isolates in the United States Tested by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System from 1999 to 2002

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumathi Sivapalasingam ◽  
Jennifer M. Nelson ◽  
Kevin Joyce ◽  
Mike Hoekstra ◽  
Frederick J. Angulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Shigella Sonnei ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Resistance Monitoring

ABSTRACT Shigella spp. infect approximately 450,000 persons annually in the United States, resulting in over 6,000 hospitalizations. Since 1999, the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) for Enteric Bacteria has tested every 10th Shigella isolate from 16 state or local public health laboratories for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents. From 1999 to 2002, NARMS tested 1,604 isolates. Among 1,598 isolates identified to species level, 1,278 (80%) were Shigella sonnei, 295 (18%) were Shigella flexneri, 18 (1%) were Shigella boydii, and 7 (0.4%) were Shigella dysenteriae. Overall, 1,251 (78%) were resistant to ampicillin and 744 (46%) were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Prevalence of TMP-SMX- or ampicillin- and TMP-SMX-resistant Shigella sonnei isolates varied by geographic region, with lower rates in the South and Midwest regions (TMP-SMX resistance, 27% and 30%, respectively; ampicillin and TMP-SMX resistance, 25% and 22%, respectively) and higher rates in the East and West regions (TMP-SMX resistance, 66% and 80%, respectively; ampicillin and TMP-SMX resistance, 54% and 65%, respectively). Nineteen isolates (1%) were resistant to nalidixic acid (1% of S. sonnei and 2% of S. flexneri isolates); 12 (63%) of these isolates had decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. One S. flexneri isolate was resistant to ciprofloxacin. All isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone. Since 1986, resistance to ampicillin and TMP-SMX has dramatically increased. Shigella isolates in the United States remain susceptible to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone.

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