Modulating putative endothelial progenitor cells for the treatment of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular complications in diabetes

Level of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is elevated and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and stem cells (SC) are decreased in patients undergoing renal transplantation (Tx) and may contribute to cardiovascular complications. We tested the hypothesis that ADMA, EPC and SC can be influenced with regular physical exercise early after Tx. Blood samples of ADMA, EPC, SC, adipocytokines and metabolic parameters were randomly obtained from 50 transplant patients before and 6 months after exercise program (Group I). Fifty age, sex, HLA typing, duration of dialysis and immunosupression regimen-matched non exercising transplant were examined as controls (Group II). After 6 months, in Group I ADMA decreased (3.50±0.45 vs 2.11±0.35 μmol/l, P<0.01) and was lower comparing to Group II (P<0.01), SC and EPC also decreased (2816±600 vs 2071±480 cells/ml resp. 194±87 to 125±67 cells/ml, P<0.02). Next changes in Group I: adiponectin (P<0.01), leptin (P<0.01), resistin (P<0.02). Visfatin, blood lipids, HbA1c, insulin and blood pressure were also influenced by training program (P<0.05).

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Decreased Count and Dysfunction of Circulating EPCs in Postmenopausal Hypercholesterolemic Females via Reducing NO Production

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2018/2543847 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ying Luo ◽

Quan-Neng Yan ◽

Wan-Zhou Wu ◽

Fan-Yan Luo

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽

Therapeutic Strategy ◽

No Production ◽

Endothelial Progenitor ◽

Endothelial Repair ◽

Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽

Premenopausal Female ◽

And Function

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to the endogenous endothelial repair program during hypercholesterolemia. EPC count and migratory and proliferative capacities remain unchanged in the premenopausal female with hypercholesterolemia. However, the changes of count and activity of circulating EPCs in the hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal females are unknown. Here, we find that the migratory and proliferative capacities of circulating EPCs were decreased in patients with hypercholesterolemia versus normocholesterolemia. No significant differences were found between postmenopausal females and age-matched males. NO production showed positive correlation with the activity and count of circulating EPCs in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) is directly interrelated with EPC counts and function. Our findings reveal that decreased EPC count and endothelial dysfunction lead to less NO production in hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal females. Maintaining the EPC numbers and activity might be emerging as a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular injury in elder women.

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Abstract 3698: Decreased Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Endothelial Dysfunction: a Novel Mechanism of Atherogenesis in Obesity.

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.ii_839-c ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽

Author(s):

Paulo F Leite ◽

Claudia R Andrade ◽

Santa Poppe ◽

Luiz A Cesar ◽

Silmara Coimbra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Endothelial Progenitor ◽

Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽

Morbid Obese

Underlying mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in obesity are not fully understood. Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) are known to promote endothelial repair. Our aim was to assess the number/function of EPCs in morbid obese individuals and its correlation with endothelial function and inflammatory markers. EPCs were isolated from 33 morbid obese patients (age 47±1.8 y; men=34%; BMI=49±2.1 kg/m 2 , metabolic syndrome=84%) and 20 lean controls. Peripheral blood EPC number was significantly reduced in obese patients both with flow cytometry (KDR + /CD34 + ; 0.041±0.04 vs 0.074±0.05 %events, p<0.001) and fluorescence analysis after short-term culture (49±4 vs 28±2 cells/field, p<0.001). The plasma number of primitive CD 133 + cells, and concentrations of VEGF (Elisa) and nitrogen oxides (which potentially recruit EPCs), were similar to control, suggesting that reduction of EPCs occurs distally to early cell differentiation. Importantly, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), robustly increased in obese patients (0.15±0.04 vs 1.3±0.3; p=0.003), was a strong predictor of reduced EPC number at multivariate analysis (r=0.623; p < 0.001). Likewise, the migratory response of EPCs to VEGF in vitro was significantly impaired in obese vs controls, despite similar VEGF receptor numbers. Multivariate analysis suggested potential roles of metabolic syndrome and leptin in such effect. Endothelial function at flow-mediated brachial artery reactivity was markedly reduced (by 60%) in obese patients, and had a significant inverse correlation with EPC number (r= 0.678; p< 0.001). Carotid intimal thickness was also increased in obese patients (0.68±0.02 vs 0.58±0.08; p=0.001). On the other hand, the number of circulating endothelial cells (CD31 + /CD106 + ) was similar in both groups, suggesting that apoptosis was not enhanced in the obese. These results suggest for the first time that reduced number and migratory capacity of EPCs correlate with endothelial dysfunction or increased CRP and may be a key underlying mechanism of vascular complications and atherosclerosis in obesity.

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Decrease in endothelial progenitor cells associated with inflammation, but not with endothelial dysfunction in chronic hemodialysis patients

Clinical Nephrology ◽

10.5414/cn107318 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (01) ◽

pp. 21-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Abdullah Ozkok ◽

Esin Aktas ◽

Akar Yilmaz ◽

Aysegul Telci ◽

Huseyin Oflaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Chronic Hemodialysis ◽

Endothelial Progenitor

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Diabetes, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Vascular Repair: What Should a Diabetologist Keep His Eye on?

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2015/848272 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

V. Altabas

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽

Vascular Diseases ◽

Vascular Biology ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Endothelial Progenitor ◽

Incurable Disease ◽

Advanced Stages

Cardiovascular complications are the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. A prominent attribute of diabetic cardiovascular complications is accelerated atherosclerosis, considered as a still incurable disease, at least at more advanced stages. The discovery of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), able to replace old and injured mature endothelial cells and capable of differentiating into healthy and functional endothelial cells, has offered the prospect of merging the traditional theories on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis with evolving concepts of vascular biology. The literature supports the notion that EPC alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases in diabetics, but at present many questions remain unanswered. In this review the aspects linking endothelial progenitor cells to the altered vascular biology in diabetes mellitus are discussed.

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Features of endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2019-1-3(378)-29-33 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 29-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O. V. Zimnitskaya ◽

M. M. Petrova

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Essential Hypertension ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽

Diagnostic Markers ◽

Endothelial Progenitor

This review was described in detail the mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction development in patients with essential hypertension, lists the risk factors leading to endothelial dysfunction, diagnostic markers of endothelial dysfunction, and gives an idea of endothelial progenitor cells that can regenerate damaged endothelium. The data of the authors’ own studies were presented evaluating the severity of endothelial dysfunction with the help of such markers as sPECAM-1. The authors were conducted studies of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with different stages and degrees of arterial hypertension.

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Dysfunctional Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Metabolic Syndrome

Experimental Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2012/585018 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Sridevi Devaraj ◽

Ishwarlal Jialal

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽

Endothelial Progenitor ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent and confers an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A key early event in atherosclerosis is endothelial dysfunction. Numerous groups have reported endothelial dysfunction in MetS. However, the measurement of endothelial function is far from optimum. There has been much interest recently in a subtype of progenitor cells, termed endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), that can circulate, proliferate, and dfferentiate into mature endothelial cells. EPCs can be characterized by the assessment of surface markers, CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, VEGFR-2 (KDR). The CD34+KDR+phenotype has been demonstrated to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular outcomes. MetS patients without diabetes or cardiovascular diseases have decreased EPC number and functionality as evidenced by decreased numbers of colony forming units, decreased adhesion and migration, and decreased tubule formation. Strategies that have been shown to upregulate and enhance EPC number and functionality include statins, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and peroxisome-proliferator-activating-receptor gamma agonists. Mechanisms by which they affect EPC number and functionality need to be studied. Thus, EPC number and/or functionality could emerge as novel cellular biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease risk in MetS.

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