The social behavior of male rats administered an adult-onset calorie restriction regimen

Autism is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication and social behavior. To reduce the social deficits characteristic of autism, the compounds oxytocin, arginine vasopressin, D-cycloserine, and D-cycloserine + oxytocin were explored as therapeutic agents. Twenty-one Long Evans Hooded rats underwent a bilateral amygdala lesion, which reduced the time of social interactions between the pairs of animals. Upon administration of D-cycloserine, the social deficits induced by the lesions were significantly reversed in both sexes. In addition, it was observed that the efficacy of the treatments was affected by the sex of the subjects. Male rats had the largest increase in social behavior when given D-cycloserine. However, female rats experienced the largest reduction in social impairment when administered oxytocin. Thus, sexually dimorphic treatments should be further investigated for individuals with autism spectrum disorders.

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Metabolic programming effects initiated in the suckling period predisposing for adult-onset obesity cannot be reversed by calorie restriction

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00519.2012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 304 (5) ◽

pp. E486-E494 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Malathi Srinivasan ◽

Saleh Mahmood ◽

Mulchand S. Patel

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Calorie Restriction ◽

Leptin Receptor ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Male Rats ◽

Cytokine Signaling ◽

Milk Formula ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Ad Libitum Feeding

Neonatal rats reared on high-carbohydrate (HC) milk formula developed chronic hyperinsulinemia and adult-onset obesity due to programming of islets and the hypothalamic energy circuitry. In this study, calorie restriction by pair-feeding was imposed on HC male rats (HC/PF) to normalize food intake similar to that of mother-fed (MF) rats from weaning until postnatal day 140. A group of HC/PF rats was switched over to ad libitum feeding (HC/PF/AL) from days 90 to 140. Pair-feeding reduced body weight gains and serum insulin and leptin levels in HC/PF rats compared with HC rats, but these parameters were restored to HC levels in the HC/PF/AL rats after ad libitum feeding. Interestingly, the heightened insulin secretory response of isolated islets from adult HC/PF and HC/PF/ AL rats to glucose, acetylcholine, and oxymetazoline were not significantly different from the responses of islets from HC rats. Similarly, the expression of neuropeptide Y and proopiomelanocortin in the hypothalamus was not significantly different among HC, HC/PF, and HC/PF/AL rats. Expression of the leptin receptor in the hypothalami from the HC, HC/PF, and HC/PF/AL rats mirrored that of serum leptin, whereas suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 ( Socs3) expression remained high in these three groups. The results indicate that, although calorie restriction resulted in reduction in body weight gain and normalized the serum hormonal pattern, the programed predisposition for the hypersecretory capacity of islets and the hypothalamic hyperphagic response in the HC rats could not be permanently overcome by the pair-feeding imposed on HC rats.

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The ketogenic diet affects the social behavior of young male rats

Physiology & Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.06.007 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 179 ◽

pp. 168-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Daniela Kasprowska-Liśkiewicz ◽

Arkadiusz D. Liśkiewicz ◽

Marta M. Nowacka-Chmielewska ◽

Joanna Nowicka ◽

Andrzej Małecki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Behavior ◽

Ketogenic Diet ◽

Young Male ◽

Male Rats ◽

The Social

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Inflamm-Aging and Brain Insulin Resistance: New Insights and Role of Life-style Strategies on Cognitive and Social Determinants in Aging and Neurodegeneration

Frontiers in Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnins.2020.618395 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Yulia Komleva ◽

Anatoly Chernykh ◽

Olga Lopatina ◽

Yana Gorina ◽

Irina Lokteva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Social Behavior ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Calorie Restriction ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Brain Insulin ◽

The Social ◽

Brain Insulin Resistance

Over the past decades, the human life span has dramatically increased, and therefore, a steady increase in diseases associated with age (such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease) is expected. In these neurodegenerative diseases, there is a cognitive decline and memory loss, which accompany increased systemic inflammation, the inflamm-aging, and the insulin resistance. Despite numerous studies of age-related pathologies, data on the contribution of brain insulin resistance and innate immunity components to aging are insufficient. Recently, much research has been focused on the consequences of nutrients and adiposity- and nutrient-related signals in brain aging and cognitive decline. Moreover, given the role of metainflammation in neurodegeneration, lifestyle interventions such as calorie restriction may be an effective way to break the vicious cycle of metainflammation and have a role in social behavior. The various effects of calorie restriction on metainflammation, insulin resistance, and neurodegeneration have been described. Less attention has been paid to the social determinants of aging and the possible mechanism by which calorie restriction might influence social behavior. The purpose of this review is to discuss current knowledge in the interdisciplinary field of geroscience—immunosenescence, inflamm-aging, and metainflammation—which makes a significant contribution to aging. A substantial part of the review is devoted to frontiers in the brain insulin resistance in relation to neuroinflammation. In addition, we summarize new data on potential mechanisms of calorie restriction that influence as a lifestyle intervention on the social brain. This knowledge can be used to initiate successful aging and slow the onset of neurodegenerative diseases.

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