Socially conditioned flavor preferences with fluids: Transfer with solid foods, palatability, and testing constraints

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 112976
Author(s):  
Jaime Figueroa ◽  
Patricia Gasalla ◽  
Maximiliano Müller ◽  
Dominic Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Solid Foods ◽  
Conditioned Flavor

Conditioned Flavor Aversion in Dominant and Subordinate Rats

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic J. Costanzo ◽  
Emily Degarmo
Keyword(s):  
Flavor Aversion ◽  
Conditioned Flavor Aversion ◽  
Conditioned Flavor

Breast milk contains probiotics with anti‐infantile diarrhoea effects that may protect infants as they change to solid foods

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 1750-1764
Author(s):  
Haiyue Niu ◽  
Xiaohong Zhou ◽  
Xuguang Zhang ◽  
Tongjie Liu ◽  
Yifan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infantile Diarrhoea ◽  
Solid Foods

scholarly journals Modes of Disintegration of Solid Foods in Simulated Gastric Environment

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanbin Kong ◽  
R. Paul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Solid Foods

Fructose-conditioned flavor preferences in male and female rats: effects of sweet taste and sugar concentration

Appetite ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Ackroff ◽  
Anthony Sclafani
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Conditioned Flavor

scholarly journals Association Between Added Sugars from Infant Formulas and Rapid Weight Gain in US Infants and Toddlers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Ling Kong ◽  
Brenda Burgess ◽  
Katherine S Morris ◽  
Tyler Re ◽  
Holly R Hull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Weight For Age

ABSTRACT Background Formulas often contain high amounts of added sugars, though little research has studied their connection to obesity. Objectives This study assessed the contribution of added sugars from formulas during complementary feeding on total added sugar intakes, and the association between these sugars and upward weight-for-age percentile (WFA%) crossing (i.e., participants crossing a higher threshold percentile were considered to have an upward crossing). Methods Data from three 24-hour dietary recalls for infants (n = 97; 9–12 months) and toddlers (n = 44; 13–15 months) were obtained in this cross-sectional analysis. Foods and beverages with added sugars were divided into 17 categories. Pearson's correlations were used to test relations between added sugar intake and upward WFA% crossing, followed by multivariable regressions when significant. ANOVA compared intakes of all, milk-based, and table foods between primarily formula-fed compared with breastfed participants. Multivariable regressions were used to test effects of added sugars and protein from all foods compared with added sugars and protein from milk-based sources on upward WFA% crossing. Results Added sugars from formulas comprised 66% and 7% of added sugars consumed daily by infants and toddlers, respectively. A significant association was observed between upward WFA% crossing and added sugars from milk-based sources after controlling for gestational age, sex, age, introduction to solid foods, mean energy intakes, and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and education (β = 0.003; 95% CI, 0.000–0.007; P = 0.046). Primarily formula-fed participants consumed nearly twice the energy from added sugars (P = 0.003) and gained weight faster (upward WFA% crossing = 1.1 ± 1.2 compared with 0.3 ± 0.6, respectively; P < 0.001) than their breastfed counterparts. Conclusions Added sugars in formulas predict rapid weight gain in infants and toddlers. Educating mothers on lower-sugar options may enhance childhood obesity prevention.

Treatment of spasmodic torticollis with intradural selective rhizotomies

1993 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan H. Friedman ◽  
Blaine S. Nashold ◽  
Robbin Sharp ◽  
Franco Caputi ◽  
Jose Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
Spasmodic Torticollis ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Preoperative Pain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Abnormal Head ◽  
Muscle Spasms

✓ To determine the effects of ventral cervical and selective spinal accessory nerve rhizotomy on spasmodic torticollis, 58 patients who had undergone surgery between 1979 and 1987 were reviewed retrospectively. At the time of surgery, each nerve rootlet was electrically stimulated to determine its effect on the nuchal musculature prior to sectioning. Forty-nine patients (85%) had a marked improvement in their condition, with 33 (57%) attaining an excellent result and 16 (28%) noting significant improvement. Patients complained of abnormal head posture, nuchal muscle spasms, and pain prior to surgery. Muscle spasms were completely relieved in 42 patients (72%) and markedly reduced in 10 (17%). Of the 47 patients with preoperative pain, 30 (64%) were free of their pain and eight (17%) noted that the pain was reduced in intensity and frequency. Thirty-four patients (59%) reported that their resting head posture was restored to a neutral position. The likelihood that a patient's head posture returned to normal was inversely proportional to the preoperative duration of the spasmodic torticollis. Twenty-six patients (45%) suffered mild transient difficulty with swallowing solid foods in the immediate postoperative period. In most cases these minor difficulties abated in the months following surgery.

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