Seed priming induced blast disease resistance in finger millet plants through phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 101428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Veeranagouda Patil ◽  
Belur Satyan Kumudini
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Blast Disease

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis of Blast Disease Resistance and Agronomic Traits in Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn]

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Owere ◽  
Pangirayi Tongoona ◽  
John Derera ◽  
Nelson Wanyera
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

<p>Blast disease is the most important biotic constraint to finger millet production. Therefore disease resistant varieties are required. However, there is limited information on combining ability for resistance and indeed other agronomic traits of the germplasm in Uganda. This study was carried out to estimate the combining ability and gene effects controlling blast disease resistance and selected agronomic traits in finger millet. Thirty six crosses were generated from a 9 × 9 half diallel mating design. The seed from the 36 F<sub>1</sub> crosses were advanced by selfing and the F<sub>2</sub> families and their parents were evaluated in three replications. General combining ability (GCA) for head blast resistance and the other agronomic traits were all highly significant (p ≤ 0.01), whereas specific combining ability (SCA) was highly significant for all traits except grain yield and grain mass head<sup>-1</sup>. On partitioning the mean sum of squares, the GCA values ranged from 31.65% to 53.05% for head blast incidence and severity respectively, and 36.18% to 77.22% for the other agronomic traits measured. Additive gene effects were found to be predominant for head blast severity, days to 50% flowering, grain yield, number of productive tillers plant<sup>-1</sup>, grain mass head<sup>-1</sup>, plant height and panicle length. Non-additive gene action was predominant for number of fingers head<sup>-1</sup>, finger width and panicle width. The parents which contributed towards high yield were <em>Seremi 2</em>, <em>Achaki</em>, <em>Otunduru</em>, <em>Bulo</em> and <em>Amumwari</em>. Generally, highly significant additive gene action implied that progress would be made through selection whereas non-additive gene action could slow selection progress and indicated selection in the later generations.</p>

scholarly journals Synchronised regulation of disease resistance in primed finger millet plants against the blast disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. e00484
Author(s):  
Savita Veeranagouda Patil ◽  
Belur Satyan Kumudini ◽  
Hosur Gnanaprakash Pushpalatha ◽  
Savitha De Britto ◽  
Shin-ichi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Blast Disease

scholarly journals Breeding Strategies and Challenges in the Improvement of Blast Disease Resistance in Finger Millet. A Current Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilton Mbinda ◽  
Hosea Masaki
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Wide Range

Climate change has significantly altered the biodiversity of crop pests and pathogens, posing a major challenge to sustainable crop production. At the same time, with the increasing global population, there is growing pressure on plant breeders to secure the projected food demand by improving the prevailing yield of major food crops. Finger millet is an important cereal crop in southern Asia and eastern Africa, with excellent nutraceutical properties, long storage period, and a unique ability to grow under arid and semi-arid environmental conditions. Finger millet blast disease caused by the filamentous ascomycetous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is the most devastating disease affecting the growth and yield of this crop in all its growing regions. The frequent breakdown of blast resistance because of the susceptibility to rapidly evolving virulent genes of the pathogen causes yield instability in all finger millet-growing areas. The deployment of novel and efficient strategies that provide dynamic and durable resistance against many biotypes of the pathogen and across a wide range of agro-ecological zones guarantees future sustainable production of finger millet. Here, we analyze the breeding strategies currently being used for improving resistance to disease and discuss potential future directions toward the development of new blast-resistant finger millet varieties, providing a comprehensive understanding of promising concepts for finger millet breeding. The review also includes empirical examples of how advanced molecular tools have been used in breeding durably blast-resistant cultivars. The techniques highlighted are cost-effective high-throughput methods that strongly reduce the generation cycle and accelerate both breeding and research programs, providing an alternative to conventional breeding methods for rapid introgression of disease resistance genes into favorable, susceptible cultivars. New information and knowledge gathered here will undoubtedly offer new insights into sustainable finger millet disease control and efficient optimization of the crop’s productivity.

scholarly journals Farmers’ knowledge and perception of finger millet blast disease and its control practices in western Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilton Mbinda ◽  
Agnes Kavoo ◽  
Fredah Maina ◽  
Margaret Odeph ◽  
Cecilia Mweu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Disease Occurrence

Abstract Background Finger millet blast disease, caused by Pyricularia oryzae, is a serious constrain of finger millet production which is threatening global food security especially to the resource poor smallholder farmers in arid and semi-arid regions. The disease adversely affects finger millet production and consumption due to its wide distribution and destruction in all finger millet growing areas of southern Asia and eastern Africa. Here, we present a study that investigated the occurrence, impact, risk factors and farmers’ knowledge and perceptions of finger millet blast in Kenya. Methods We surveyed blast disease occurrence and interviewed farmers in Bungoma and Kisii Counties of Kenya during March–April 2019. Data were analysed using SPSS statistical program. Descriptive analysis was done by calculating means, percentages, frequencies, and standard errors. Comparative statistics, chi-square and t-tests, were used to evaluate differences existing among the farm characteristics and socio-demographics and the knowledge and perceptions of blast disease and its management practices. Results Our results show that blast disease is prevalent in all surveyed areas and adversely affects the productivity of the crop leading to poor yields. The disease occurrence varied from 92 to 98%, and was significantly higher in the major finger millet growing areas compared to the minor ones. Blast occurrence was associated with rainfall, altitude, planting density, intercropping and other farming practices. In all the surveyed regions, farmers had little knowledge about blast disease identification, its detection and spread. Further, the farmers’ awareness of blast disease control was inconsistent with established practices. Conclusions Our results show mitigation of finger millet blast disease should aim at improving farmers’ adoption of best practices through development of acceptable blast-resistant finger millet varieties, use of sustainable disease management practices, fostering linkages and creating new partnerships in the production-supply chain and maintaining a functional seed system. Findings from this study provide essential insights for effective decision making and management of the disease. This is fundamental to sustainable and secure food and income for finger millet growing farmers in Kenya.

scholarly journals Level of Endogenous Jasmonate is Critical for Durable Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance Against Rice Blast in a Japonica Rice Variety, Ziyu44

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu An ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Jinlu Li ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Qianchun Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Broad Spectrum Resistance

Abstract Background: The molecular mechanism of durable and broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast disease in japonica rice variety is still very little known. Ziyu44, a local japonica rice variety in Yunnan Province of China, has shown durable broad-spectrum blast resistance for more than 30 years, and provides an opportunity for us to explore the molecular basis of broad-spectrum resistance to rice blast in japonica rice variety.Methods and Results: We conducted a comparative study of mycelium growth, aposporium formation, the accumulation of salicylate(SA), jasmonate(JA) and H2O2, the expression of SA- and JA-associated genes between Ziyu44 and susceptible variety Jiangnanxiangnuo (JNXN) upon M. oryzae infection. We found that appressorium formation and invasive hyphae extention were greatly inhibited in Ziyu 44 leaves compared with that in JNXN leaves. Both Ziyu 44 and JNXN plants maintained high levels of baseline SA and did not show increased accumulation of SA after inoculation with M. oryzae, while the levels of baseline JA in Ziyu 44 and JNXN plants were relatively low, and the accumulation of JA exhibited markedly increased in Ziyu 44 plants upon M. oryzae infection. The expression levels of key genes involving JA and SA signaling pathway OsCOI1b, OsNPR1, OsMPK6 as well as pathogenesis-related (PR) genes OsPR1a, OsPR1b and OsPBZ1, were markedly up-regulated in Ziyu44. Conclusions: The level of endogenous JA is critical for synchronous activation of SA and JA signaling pathway, up-regulating PR gene expression and enhancing disease resistance against rice blast in Ziyu44.

scholarly journals Identification of high yielding and blast disease resistant F6 RILs in finger millet

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-347
Author(s):  
CHANDRASHEKHAR ANGADI ◽  
A. MOHAN RAO ◽  
P. RAVISHANKAR ◽  
S. RAMESH ◽  
K. MADHUSUDAN
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Disease Resistant
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