Effect of caprylic acid alone or in combination with peracetic acid against multidrug-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg on chicken drumsticks in a soft scalding temperature-time setup

SUMMARYOn 23 May 2011, CDC identified a multistate cluster of Salmonella Heidelberg infections and two multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates from ground turkey retail samples with indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. We defined cases as isolation of outbreak strains in persons with illness onset between 27 February 2011 and 10 November 2011. Investigators collected hypothesis-generating questionnaires and shopper-card information. Food samples from homes and retail outlets were collected and cultured. We identified 136 cases of S. Heidelberg infection in 34 states. Shopper-card information, leftover ground turkey from a patient's home containing the outbreak strain and identical antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinical and retail samples pointed to plant A as the source. On 3 August, plant A recalled 36 million pounds of ground turkey. This outbreak increased consumer interest in MDR Salmonella infections acquired through United States-produced poultry and played a vital role in strengthening food safety policies related to Salmonella and raw ground poultry.

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Study on TCF Bleaching of Reed Displacement Cooking Pulp

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.543 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 726-731 ◽

pp. 543-547

Author(s):

Ting Ting Fan ◽

Ying Han ◽

Guang Wei Sun ◽

Jing Hui Zhou

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Peracetic Acid ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Environment Friendly ◽

Bleaching Process ◽

Paper Making ◽

Bleached Pulp ◽

Method Yield ◽

Temperature Time

With the improvement of environmental protection requirements, paper-making enterprises are imperative to eliminate pollution directly in production. This paper aims to adopt environment-friendly bleaching method, yield good quality pulp products. Op-Pa-P bleaching process of reed displacement cooking pulp is studied in this paper (O-oxygen, P-hydrogen peroxide, Pa-peracetic acid ). The experimental conditions of Op and Pa stage were optimized respectively. It included oxygen pressure, temperature, time in Op stage and charge of peracetic acid, temperature, time in Pa stage. The results show that the optimal technological conditions of Op are: 0.9Mpa, 100°C, 70min, Op stage can make brightness increase by 57.3%, viscosity decrease by 25% and KMnO4 number reduce to 2.6. Pa stage optimal conditions are Pa charge 1.5%, 70°C, 75min, brightness reached to 79.1 %ISO, KMnO4 number to 1.0, viscosity to 631mL.g-1. The brightness of P bleached pulp reached to 84.8%ISO, viscosity 601 mL.g-1, KMnO4 number 0.8.

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Effect of supplementation of a dairy-originated probiotic bacterium, Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii, on the cecal microbiome of turkeys challenged with multidrug-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg

Poultry Science ◽

10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.091 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 283-295

Author(s):

D.V.T. Nair ◽

T.J. Johnson ◽

S.L. Noll ◽

A. Kollanoor Johny

Keyword(s):

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Probiotic Bacterium ◽

Propionibacterium Freudenreichii ◽

Salmonella Heidelberg

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Effect of lemongrass essential oil against multidrug-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg and its attachment to chicken skin and meat

Poultry Science ◽

10.1016/j.psj.2021.101116 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Grace Dewi ◽

Divek V.T. Nair ◽

Claire Peichel ◽

Timothy J. Johnson ◽

Sally Noll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Chicken Skin ◽

Lemongrass Essential Oil ◽

Salmonella Heidelberg

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Enhanced Biofilm Eradication and Reduced Cytotoxicity of a Novel Polygalacturonic and Caprylic Acid Wound Ointment Compared with Common Antiseptic Ointments

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/2710484 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Bahgat Z. Gerges ◽

Joel Rosenblatt ◽

Y-Lan Truong ◽

Ruth A. Reitzel ◽

Ray Hachem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trypan Blue ◽

Caprylic Acid ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Polygalacturonic Acid ◽

Alamar Blue ◽

Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽

Biofilm Model ◽

In Vivo Testing

Antiseptic wound ointments are widely used to treat dermal wounds that are microbially contaminated. Polygalacturonic acid (PG)+caprylic acid (CAP) is a novel combination that has been shown to eradicate biofilms. We developed a novel PG+CAP ointment and compared the biofilm eradication capability and cytotoxicity of PG+CAP with that of commercially available antiseptic wound ointments. We used a well-established biofilm model to quantitatively assess the eradication of organisms following exposure to the wound ointments for 2 hours. PG+CAP ointment completely eradicated Candida albicans, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, whereas MediHoney, polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), and benzalkonium chloride (BZK) ointments failed to eradicate all biofilms within 2 hours. We assessed cytotoxicity by exposing L-929 fibroblasts to extracts of each ointment; Trypan blue exclusion was used to assess cell viability, and Alamar blue conversion was used to assess metabolic function. After exposure to PG+CAP and MediHoney, fibroblast viability was 96.23% and 95.23%, respectively (Trypan blue), and was comparable to untreated cells (98.77%). PHMB and BZK showed reduced viability (83.25% and 77.83%, respectively, p < 0.05 ). Metabolic activity results followed a similar pattern. Cytotoxicity of PG+CAP ointment towards erythrocytes was comparable to saline. PG+CAP ointment seems to be safe and can rapidly eradicate microbial biofilm; thus, PG+CAP ointment merits further in vivo testing as a potential antimicrobial wound ointment.

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Inhibition of Antimicrobial Resistant Salmonella Heidelberg by a Synbiotic Combination of Prebiotics and Probiotics in an in Vitro Model (P20-011-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz040.p20-011-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Gomaa ◽

Martha Verghese ◽

Josh Herring

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Sustainable Food ◽

Funding Sources ◽

Oxygen Conditions ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

Mueller Hinton Agar ◽

Probiotic Strains ◽

Salmonella Heidelberg

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to compare effects of different probiotic strains with and without prebiotics on lowering Salmonella heidelberg CFU in vitro. Methods The different inhibition levels of three strains of probiotics, Bifidobacterium lactis (Danisco Bl-04), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Danisco Lr-32™) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (Danisco La-14®) on S. heidelberg were assessed and compared in presence and absence of 2.5% prebiotic cocktail of mannose (Acros Organics), xylose (Fisher Scientific), and inulin (MP Biomedicals) using Mueller-Hinton agar wells diffusion (factorial experiment). Recommendations for growth of selected microorganisms such as temperature and oxygen conditions were taken into consideration. All the analysis was conducted in triplicates. Results The results showed that three probiotics strains were able to significantly (P < 0.05) inhibit growth of S. heidelberg with and without prebiotics. Moreover, results showed that zones of inhibition were significantly (P = 0.03) greater with addition of prebiotics regardless of probiotic strains used. Conclusions According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), salmonella causes about 1.2 million illnesses, 23,000 hospitalizations, and 450 deaths in US every year. S. heidelberg is a multidrug-resistant strain that has been associated with high risk of hospitalizations. Probiotics produce organic acids that lower pH of intestines thus inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms. Probiotics may be utilized in livestock feed to reduce the chance of any contamination before the materials undergo processing, thereby developing sustainable food products that are safe from farm to fork. Funding Sources USDA-NIFA. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

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