Effect of synbiotics administered in ovo on microvascularization and histopathological changes in pectoral muscle and the biochemical profile of broiler chicken blood

The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics injected in ovo on day 12 of embryonic development on the microstructure of the superficial pectoral muscle (musculus pectoralis superficialis) from 42-day-old chickens of different genotypes: broilers (Ross 308) and general-purpose type (green-legged partridge (GP) chickens Zk-11, native chickens). Incubated eggs were divided into four groups (each genotype separately) depending on the substance injected in ovo: normal saline (C, control); Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (PRO); galactooligosaccharides, GOS (PRE) or GOS + L. lactis (SYN). After hatching, chicks were placed in eight replicated pens (four pens/genotype group). There were eight birds per pen. In total, 64 birds were used in the experiment. Birds were slaughtered at the age of 42 days, and samples of superficial pectoral muscles were taken for analysis. The microstructure of the pectoral muscles was evaluated using the cryosectioning (frozen tissue sectioning) technique and staining with haematoxylin and eosin. Statistical analysis revealed that the in ovo injection of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics had no significant effect on the diameter of muscle fibres from chickens of the two genotypes. The number of fibres in the muscles from green-legged partridge chickens was about three-fold higher than the fibre density in the muscles from broiler chickens, with the fibre diameter being two-fold smaller. This fact may indicate a greater tenderness of meat from GP chickens compared to the meat from Ross 308 broilers. In the case of broilers, a prebiotic (GOS) was the most effective bioactive substance in reducing the number of histopathological changes. Considering muscles from GP chickens, the number of normal fibres was highest in birds treated with the probiotic. These findings indicate that the microstructural features of pectoral muscles depend not only on the type of the injected bioactive substance but also on the genotype of chickens.

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Influence of immunomodulators of natural origin on cellular immunity indices in blood of broiler chicken under stress

Visnyk of Dnipropetrovsk University Biology medicine ◽

10.15421/021507 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 36-39

Author(s):

S. Grabovskyi ◽

O. Grabovska

Keyword(s):

T Lymphocytes ◽

B Lymphocytes ◽

Functional Activity ◽

Broiler Chicken ◽

Alcohol Solution ◽

T And B Lymphocytes ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Natural Origin ◽

Cell Immunity ◽

Chicken Blood

The paper deals with researching of T- and B-lymphocytes relative quantity and functional activity in broiler chicken blood after using of animal origin immunomodulators in conditions of pre-slaughter stress. The authors determined the relative amount of T- and B-lymphocytes and their individual populations in the reaction of spontaneous rоsetting with the sheep erythrocytes in blood. Besides, the differentiated count of rоsetting lymphocytes with the various degree of functional activity was conducted. The spleen extract (70% alcohol solution in volume of 1.4 ml per chicken) was added to the diet of broiler chicken of experimental groups by aerosol method. This extract was obtained with/ without ultrasound application. 70% alcohol solution in the same volume and using the same method was added to the diet of broiler chicken of the control group five days before slaughter. The authors have not established probable increase of T-lymphocytes general quantity in broiler chicken blood in both experimental groups. It is shown that pre-slaughter stress in broiler chicken caused by weaning has immuno-suppressive effect on T- and B-lymphocytes in blood, which is accompanied by their quantity and functional activity decrease. T- and B-lymphocytes amount and functional activity of T- and B-cell immunity was stimulated after adding immunomodulators of natural origin to broiler chicken diet. Spleen extract polyamines as immunomodulators and antistressors most effectively influenced on some of cell immunity indices before slaughter – it is necessary to note the increase in T-helper lymphocytes in the broiler chickens blood caused by lymphocytes with medium (6–10) – by 18% (Р < 0.05) and high density receptors (М) – by 35% (Р < 0.05) compared to the control. It is shown that decrease of T-lymphocytes quantity in broiler chicken blood is caused by lymphocytes with law (3–5) – by 22% (Р < 0.01) and high (M) – by 11% (Р < 0.05) density receptors with increase of medium density receptors (6–10) – by 15% (Р < 0.05) compared to the control. The results obtained in the experiment can be used in the investigations of cell immunity indices of farm animals in order to increase the organism resistance and to correct their pre-slaughter stress.

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IN-OVO INCULATION OF SELENIUM NANOPARTICLES IMPROVES PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE, ANTIOXIDANT STATUS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF HATCHED CHICKS

Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.21608/ajs.2019.43840 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 887-897 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. Mohammad ◽

I. El-wardany ◽

Y. El-homosany ◽

Magda Wakwak ◽

E. Sabic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Selenium Nanoparticles ◽

Biochemical Profile ◽

Productive Performance ◽

In Ovo ◽

Blood Biochemical

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Effect of Amniotic Injection of N-Carbamylglutamate on Meat Quality of Broilers

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10040576 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 576

Author(s):

Feng-dong Zhang ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Hai-jun Zhang ◽

Shu-geng Wu ◽

Jing Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Pectoral Muscle ◽

Control Group ◽

Saline Injection ◽

In Ovo ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Lactic Acid Content ◽

Injection Control

The current study was performed to determine the influence of amniotic injection of N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on meat quality of pectoral muscle in broilers. A total of 792 alive broiler embryos at 17 d of incubation were assigned to three treatments randomly (non-injected control, saline-injected control, or NCG-injected treatment). The two injection treatments were an injection with 0.1 mL 0.85% aseptic saline alone or containing 2 mg NCG per egg at 17.5 d of incubation. After hatching, 72 healthy male chicks were selected from each treatment and housed in six pens for a 42 day feeding study. Pectoral muscles from six 42-day-old broilers were collected from each treatment group and were dissected for meat quality assays. The results showed that arginine contents in pectoral muscle in either free or hydrolytic form in the NCG group were higher than those in the non-injection control group (p < 0.05). In comparison to the non-injection or saline-injection control groups, NCG injection resulted in a lower lactic acid content in pectoral muscle (p < 0.05). Muscular antioxidant capacity in the NCG group was higher, as evidenced by the higher activity of catalase and glutathione peroxidase and lower content of malondialdehyde (p < 0.05). In addition, the group of in ovo administration of NCG had decreased drip loss and increased crude fat content in pectoral muscle in comparison to those of either control group (p < 0.05) and had enhanced crude protein content compared to that of the saline-injection control group (p < 0.05). Briefly, these results indicate that amniotic administration of NCG in the late incubation phase increased the arginine content, improved the nutritional properties, enhanced the antioxidant capacity, and improved the meat quality in the pectoral muscle of broilers. Amniotic injection of NCG may serve as a novel approach to improving the meat quality of broilers.

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Metabolic Gene Expression in the Muscle and Blood Parameters of Broiler Chickens Stimulated In Ovo with Synbiotics

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10040687 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 687 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aleksandra Dunislawska ◽

Maria Siwek ◽

Anna Slawinska ◽

Adam Lepczynski ◽

Agnieszka Herosimczyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Rna Isolation ◽

Pectoral Muscle ◽

Poultry Meat ◽

Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides ◽

In Ovo ◽

Metabolic Gene ◽

Metabolic Gene Expression

To better understand the effects of synbiotics administered at early stages of embryonic development in poultry, it is necessary to analyze direct effects (meat quality) and the molecular background. The molecular interpretation of poultry meat properties after in ovo administration of synbiotics remains to be reported. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the molecular background of meat quality based on gene expression and basic physiological parameters. Eggs were injected with (S1) Lactobacillus salivarius with galacto-oligosaccharides or (S2) Lactobacillus plantarum with raffinose family oligosaccharides. The pectoral muscle was collected at two time points (day 7 and day 42) and subjected to RNA isolation. Gene expression analysis was performed by RT-qPCR for a panel of eight genes associated with metabolism. The concentration of glucose and hormones (insulin, glucagon, and leptin (S1 p = 0.04)) was also increased. The obtained results showed that metabolic gene expression in the muscle was more differential due to synbiotic stimulation on day 7 (FST in S1 p = 0.03; PDK4 in S1 p = 0.02 and S2 p = 0.01; CEBPB in S1 p = 0.01 and S2 p = 0.008; PHKB in S1 p = 0.01; PRKAG3 in S1 p = 0.02) than on day 42 (PDK4 in S1 p = 0.04). On the basis of the results obtained, it can be concluded that in ovo stimulation with S1 triggered the most potent and favorable changes in the pectoral muscle gene expression in broiler chickens.

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