The Role of White Matter Abnormality in the Left Anterior Corona Radiata: In Relation to Formal Thought Disorder in Patients with Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
pp. 114302
Author(s):  
Shan Chen ◽  
Yingying Tang ◽  
Xiaoduo Fan ◽  
Yi Qiao ◽  
Jijun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
White Matter Abnormality ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder ◽  
Corona Radiata

scholarly journals ‘No man is an island’. Testing the specific role of social isolation in formal thought disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 230 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo de Sousa ◽  
Amy Spray ◽  
William Sellwood ◽  
Richard P. Bentall
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Specific Role ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder

Language in Schizophrenia

1985 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Social Process ◽  
Cognitive Disorder ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
The Social ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Reference Networks ◽  
Schizophrenic Group

SummaryExperimental research into language in schizophrenia has been guided traditionally by two main assumptions: that language disturbance is widespread among schizophrenic patients and easy to detect and measure, and that schizophrenia is fundamentally a cognitive disorder in which language disturbance is part of an inability or failure to regulate one's thoughts. However, recent findings have challenged both assumptions. Two experiments are reported here, the first based on monologues, the second on conversations, which were subjected to reconstruction and discourse analyses. Schizophrenic material is found to be harder to follow than normal, and is characterised by poor reference networks and inappropriate use of questions. While some of the results are specific to the schizophrenic group, others are found also in affective patients, but none is the product of formal thought disorder. The central problem lies less in cognition than in the social process of taking the role of the other.

Formal thought disorder is related to aberrations in language-related white matter tracts in patients with schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 40-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marialuisa Cavelti ◽  
Stephanie Winkelbeiner ◽  
Andrea Federspiel ◽  
Sebastian Walther ◽  
Katharina Stegmayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder ◽  
White Matter Tracts

scholarly journals Implication of Contactins in Demyelinating Pathologies

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Ilias Kalafatakis ◽  
Maria Savvaki ◽  
Theodora Velona ◽  
Domna Karagogeos
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Myelinated Axon ◽  
Immunoglobulin Superfamily ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Myelinated Axons ◽  
And Function

Demyelinating pathologies comprise of a variety of conditions where either central or peripheral myelin is attacked, resulting in white matter lesions and neurodegeneration. Myelinated axons are organized into molecularly distinct domains, and this segregation is crucial for their proper function. These defined domains are differentially affected at the different stages of demyelination as well as at the lesion and perilesion sites. Among the main players in myelinated axon organization are proteins of the contactin (CNTN) group of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) of cell adhesion molecules, namely Contactin-1 and Contactin-2 (CNTN1, CNTN2). The two contactins perform their functions through intermolecular interactions, which are crucial for myelinated axon integrity and functionality. In this review, we focus on the implication of these two molecules as well as their interactors in demyelinating pathologies in humans. At first, we describe the organization and function of myelinated axons in the central (CNS) and the peripheral (PNS) nervous system, further analyzing the role of CNTN1 and CNTN2 as well as their interactors in myelination. In the last section, studies showing the correlation of the two contactins with demyelinating pathologies are reviewed, highlighting the importance of these recognition molecules in shaping the function of the nervous system in multiple ways.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Adult-Onset Alexander Disease with a Tumor-Like Lesion in the Lateral Ventricle

2021 ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
Tongjia Cai ◽  
Sisi Jing ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Jianjun Wu
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Alexander Disease ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
White Matter Abnormality ◽  
Frontal White Matter ◽  
Upper Cervical

Adult-onset Alexander disease (AOAD) is an autosomal dominant progressive astrogliopathy caused by pathogenic variants in glial fibrillary acidic protein (<i>GFAP</i>). Individuals with this disorder often present with a typical neuroradiologic pattern, including frontal white matter abnormality with contrast enhancement, atrophy and signal intensity changes of the medulla oblongata and upper cervical cord on MRI. Focal lesions are rarely seen in AOAD, which causes concern for primary malignancies. This study aimed to present the case of a 37-year-old male patient initially diagnosed with an astrocytoma in the lateral ventricle that was later identified as GFAP mutation-confirmed AOAD. <i>GFAP</i> sequencing revealed a heterogeneous missense mutation point c.236G&#x3e;A. Hence, AOAD should be considered in patients with tumor-like lesion brain lesion in association with atrophy of medulla oblongata and upper cervical spinal cord, and frontal white matter abnormality with contrast enhancement.

scholarly journals Neurobiological substrates of the positive formal thought disorder in schizophrenia revealed by seed connectome-based predictive modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 102666
Author(s):  
Ji Chen ◽  
Tobias Wensing ◽  
Felix Hoffstaedter ◽  
Edna C. Cieslik ◽  
Veronika I. Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Modeling ◽  
Thought Disorder ◽  
Formal Thought Disorder ◽  
Neurobiological Substrates

scholarly journals The Role of White Matter Disconnection in the Symptoms Relating to the Anarchic Hand Syndrome: A Single Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Valentina Pacella ◽  
Giuseppe Kenneth Ricciardi ◽  
Silvia Bonadiman ◽  
Elisabetta Verzini ◽  
Federica Faraoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Disconnection Syndrome ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Neuropsychological Investigation ◽  
Anterior Posterior

The anarchic hand syndrome refers to an inability to control the movements of one’s own hand, which acts as if it has a will of its own. The symptoms may differ depending on whether the brain lesion is anterior, posterior, callosal or subcortical, but the relative classifications are not conclusive. This study investigates the role of white matter disconnections in a patient whose symptoms are inconsistent with the mapping of the lesion site. A repeated neuropsychological investigation was associated with a review of the literature on the topic to identify the frequency of various different symptoms relating to this syndrome. Furthermore, an analysis of the neuroimaging regarding structural connectivity allowed us to investigate the grey matter lesions and white matter disconnections. The results indicated that some of the patient’s symptoms were associated with structures that, although not directly damaged, were dysfunctional due to a disconnection in their networks. This suggests that the anarchic hand may be considered as a disconnection syndrome involving the integration of multiple antero-posterior, insular and interhemispheric networks. In order to comprehend this rare syndrome better, the clinical and neuroimaging data need to be integrated with the clinical reports available in the literature on this topic.

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