The current status of time-resolved XAS beamline at SLRI and application on in situ experiments

ABSTRACTWe have used 2.0-μsec microwave pulses at a frequency of 2.856 GHz to rapidly heat thin amorphous yttrium-barium-copper-oxide (YBCO) films deposited onto silicon substrates. The samples were irradiated inside a WR-284 waveguide by single-pass TE10 pulses in a traveling wave geometry. X-ray diffractometry studies show that an amorphous-to-crystalline phase transition occurs for incident pulse powers exceeding about 6 MW, in which case the amorphous YBCO layer is converted to Y2BaCuO5. Microscopy of the irradiated film reveals that the phase transition is brought about by melting of the YBCO precursor film and crystallization of the molten layer upon solidification. Time-resolved in situ experiments of the microwave reflectivity (R) and transmissivity (T) show that there is an abrupt change in R for microwave pulse powers exceeding the melt threshold, so that measurements of R and T can be used to monitor the onset of surface melting.

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In Situ Dispersive EXAFS in Electrocatalysis: The Investigation of the Local Structure of IrOxin Chronoamperometric Conditions as a Case Study

Journal of Spectroscopy ◽

10.1155/2014/480102 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Elisabetta Achilli ◽

Alessandro Minguzzi ◽

Ottavio Lugaresi ◽

Cristina Locatelli ◽

Sandra Rondinini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transforms ◽

Point Of View ◽

General Point ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Electrochemical Processes ◽

In Situ Experiments ◽

X Ray Absorption ◽

Short Range Structure

An in situ study with dispersive EXAFS (Extended X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy) at the Ir-LIIIedge is performed to characterize Electrodeposited Iridium Oxide Films (EIROF) under chronoamperometric conditions. The technique monitors the local chemical environment and electronic structure of iridium during the oxidation of Ir(III) to Ir(IV) with a time resolution of milliseconds. The study is performed in both acidic and basic media. The Fourier transforms of the time-resolved EXAFS signals clearly show that the short-range structure of Ir is similar to that of rutile-type IrO2and is maintained during the reaction, thus accounting for the flexibility of the structure of the electrode material in accommodating different oxidation states. From a more general point of view, the work demonstrates the capabilities of in situ experiments based on state-of-the-art dispersive EXAFS in clarifying the mechanistic aspects of electrochemical processes.

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Current Status of the KURT and Long-term In-situ Experiments

Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers ◽

10.12972/ksmer.2017.54.4.344 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 344-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Geon Young Kim ◽

Kyungsu Kim ◽

Jong-Youl Lee ◽

Won-Jin Cho ◽

Jin-Seop Kim

Keyword(s):

Current Status ◽

In Situ Experiments

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Multi-disciplinary characterizations of the Bedretto Lab – a unique underground geoscience research facility

10.5194/se-2021-109 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaodong Ma ◽

Marian Hertrich ◽

Florian Amann ◽

Kai Bröker ◽

Nima Gholizadeh Doonechaly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fault Zone ◽

Mechanical Response ◽

Geophysical Methods ◽

General Setting ◽

Current Status ◽

Rock Masses ◽

Test Bed ◽

In Situ Conditions ◽

In Situ Experiments

Abstract. The increased interest in subsurface development (e.g., unconventional hydrocarbon, deep geothermal, waste disposal) and the associated (triggered or induced) seismicity calls for a better understanding of the hydro-seismo-mechanical coupling in fractured rock masses. Being able to bridge the knowledge gap between laboratory and reservoir scales, controllable meso-scale in situ experiments are deemed indispensable. In an effort to access and instrument rock masses of hectometer size, the Bedretto Underground Laboratory for Geosciences and Geoenergies (‘Bedretto Lab’) was established in 2018 in the existing Bedretto Tunnel (Ticino, Switzerland), with an average overburden of 1000 m. In this paper, we introduce the Bedretto Lab, its general setting and current status. Combined geological, geomechanical and geophysical methods were employed in a hectometer-scale rock mass explored by several boreholes to characterize the in situ conditions and internal structures of the rock volume. The rock volume features three distinct units, with the middle fault zone sandwiched by two relatively intact units. The middle fault zone unit appears to be a representative feature of the site, as similar structures repeat every several hundreds of meters along the tunnel. The lithological variations across the characterization boreholes manifest the complexity and heterogeneity of the rock volume, and are accompanied by compartmentalized hydrostructures and significant stress rotations. With this complexity, the characterized rock volume is considered characteristic of the heterogeneity that is typically encountered in subsurface exploration and development. The Bedretto Lab can adequately serve as a test-bed that allows for in-depth study of the hydro-seismo-mechanical response of fractured crystalline rock masses.

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Time-Resolved in-Situ Experiments on the Crystallization of Natural Gas Hydrates

The Journal of Physical Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jp960094s ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 100 (16) ◽

pp. 6412-6414 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Carolyn A. Koh ◽

Jeffrey L. Savidge ◽

Chiu C. Tang

Keyword(s):

Natural Gas ◽

Gas Hydrates ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Natural Gas Hydrates ◽

In Situ Experiments

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Coupling Time-Resolved in-situ Experiments with Three-Dimensional Imaging - a New Approach to Defect Evolution Studies

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927611003072 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 17 (S2) ◽

pp. 440-441

Author(s):

I Robertson ◽

G Liu ◽

J Kacher ◽

I Robertson

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Three Dimensional Imaging ◽

Time Resolved ◽

New Approach ◽

In Situ Experiments ◽

Defect Evolution ◽

Coupling Time

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7–August 11, 2011.

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Mechanisms of Pressure-Induced Phase Transitions by Real-Time Laue Diffraction

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst9120672 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 672 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dmitry Popov ◽

Nenad Velisavljevic ◽

Maddury Somayazulu

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Diagnostic Technique ◽

Current Status ◽

Laue Diffraction ◽

Time Resolved ◽

In Operando ◽

Beam Diffraction ◽

Photon Source ◽

Microstructural Studies

Synchrotron X-ray radiation Laue diffraction is a widely used diagnostic technique for characterizing the microstructure of materials. An exciting feature of this technique is that comparable numbers of reflections can be measured several orders of magnitude faster than using monochromatic methods. This makes polychromatic beam diffraction a powerful tool for time-resolved microstructural studies, critical for understanding pressure-induced phase transition mechanisms, by in situ and in operando measurements. The current status of this technique, including experimental routines and data analysis, is presented along with some case studies. The new experimental setup at the High-Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT) facility at the Advanced Photon Source, specifically dedicated for in situ and in operando microstructural studies by Laue diffraction under high pressure, is presented.

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Time resolved electron microscopy for in situ experiments

Applied Physics Reviews ◽

10.1063/1.4900509 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 041101 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Geoffrey H. Campbell ◽

Joseph T. McKeown ◽

Melissa K. Santala

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Time Resolved ◽

In Situ Experiments

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Study of laser-deposited metallic thin films by a combination of high-resolution ex situ and time-resolved in situ experiments

Applied Physics A ◽

10.1007/s003390051437 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 69 (7) ◽

pp. S455-S457 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Störmer ◽

K. Sturm ◽

S. Fähler ◽

M. Weisheit ◽

J. Winkler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

High Resolution ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Metallic Thin Films ◽

Time Resolved ◽

In Situ Experiments

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Denoising of series electron holograms using tensor decomposition

Microscopy ◽

10.1093/jmicro/dfaa057 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuki Nomura ◽

Kazuo Yamamoto ◽

Satoshi Anada ◽

Tsukasa Hirayama ◽

Emiko Igaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Dose ◽

Tensor Decomposition ◽

Electron Holography ◽

Third Order ◽

Order Tensor ◽

Fringe Contrast ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Accuracy And Precision ◽

In Situ Experiments

Abstract In this study, a noise-reduction technique for series low-dose electron holograms using tensor decomposition is demonstrated through simulation. We treated an entire dataset of the series holograms with Poisson noise as a third-order tensor, which is a stack of 2D holograms. The third-order tensor, which is decomposed into a core tensor and three factor matrices, is approximated as a lower-rank tensor using only noise-free principal components. This technique is applied to simulated holograms by assuming a p-n junction in a semiconductor sample. The peak signal-to-noise ratios of the holograms and the reconstructed phase maps have been improved significantly using tensor decomposition. Moreover, the proposed method was applied to a more practical situation of time-resolved in situ electron holography by considering a nonuniform fringe contrast and fringe drift relative to the sample. The accuracy and precision of the reconstructed phase maps were quantitatively evaluated to demonstrate its effectiveness for in situ experiments and low-dose experiments on beam-sensitive materials.

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