Overlap Between Sagebrush Habitat Specialists Differs Among Seasons: Implications for Umbrella Species Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 142-154
Author(s):  
Ian T. Smith ◽  
Sonya J. Knetter ◽  
Leona K. Svancara ◽  
Jason W. Karl ◽  
Timothy R. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Conservation ◽  
Umbrella Species ◽  
Habitat Specialists

scholarly journals Developing a Modified Umbrella Index for Conservation of Macroinvertebrate Diversity in Taizi River Basin, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 857
Author(s):  
Xin Gao ◽  
Hai-yu Ding ◽  
Rui Xia ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Qian-qian Kou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Species List ◽  
Umbrella Species ◽  
Conservation Efficiency ◽  
Taizi River Basin ◽  
Taizi River ◽  
Selection Of

Conservation strategies for a reliable set of umbrella species should benefit many co-occurring species and will improve conservation efficiency. The umbrella index (UI) is increasingly applied for umbrella species selection in different ecosystems. We developed a modified river UI to select potential macroinvertebrate umbrella species with a combination of 69 sites in the Taizi River Basin of northeast China. Calculation of UI and comparison of biotic indices between sites of presence and absence of umbrella species were performed to make the final umbrella species list. The umbrella scheme, based on the proportion and composition of sites supporting the confirmed umbrella species, was introduced to illustrate the conservation effectiveness. A total of eight umbrella species were obtained and all of them were aquatic insects, such as caddisfly and mayfly larva. Umbrella schemes supporting the top umbrella species, hosted the majority of co-occurring species and only 7% of beneficiary species were missed by the umbrella schemes of 70% effort. The positive relationship between abundance of co-occurring species and umbrella species, validated the ability of umbrella species to confer protection and co-existence of co-occurring species, and thus indicated the effectiveness of umbrella species conservation. Co-occurring species were located close to umbrella species in ordinations, suggesting they respond to similar environmental variables characterized by high flow velocity, dissolved oxygen and pebble-covered substrate. On account of good performance of umbrella schemes in our study, UI with further improving methods should be promoted for selection of umbrella species and decision for optimizing of conservation sites in the future.

scholarly journals First Report of the Larva of a Vulnerable Damselfly in Nigeria, With Some Ecological Notes: A Case for Umbrella Species Conservation Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 194008292110446
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Akindele ◽  
Abiodun M. Adedapo ◽  
Babasola W. Adu ◽  
Sylvester S. Ogbogu
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Umbrella Species

Background and Research Lack of information on the distribution of threatened aquatic species impedes their conservation, thus predisposing them to extinction risk before being reported. Hence, this study reports in Nigeria, for the first time, the occurrence and habitat specificity of the larva of Pentaphlebia stahli (Zygoptera: Pentaphlebiidae) a vulnerable damselfly. Methods Samples of P. stahli were collected in July and December 2020 from a rural stream situated at the Ekor Waterfalls in the Cross River State of Nigeria and very close to the Nigeria–Cameroon border. Some water quality parameters were also measured in each sampling period. Results A total of 27 larvae of P. stahli and 1 teneral adult emerging from its exuvia were recorded in the two sampling periods. The habitat was a forested stream characterized by rapids, falls, and dark rock substrata. Water flows at a fast rate of 1 m in 3 or 4 seconds, thus characterizing a rifle and headwater stream. Dissolved oxygen concentration was between 8.05 and 8.09 mg/L, while dissolved oxygen saturation was ∼98%. Biological oxygen demand was between 1.04 and 1.08 mg/L, while pH ranged from 7.28 and 7.56. Conclusion The stream could be described as having high ecological integrity as evidenced in its optimum range of values for the investigated water parameters and the presence of a threatened species. Implications for Conservation Based on habitat specificity, P. stahli is considered an umbrella species required for conserving other co-occurring species in the tropical stream and its riparian forest.

The Value of Private Non-Industrial Forestland for Wildlife Species Conservation

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly A. Johnson ◽  
Timm Kroeger ◽  
Josh Horn ◽  
Alison E. Adams ◽  
Damian C. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Wildlife Viewing ◽  
Animal Habitat

Animals in Florida provide a variety of benefits to people, from recreation (fishing, hunting, or wildlife viewing) to protection of human life and property (oysters and corals provide reef structures that help protect coasts from erosion and flooding). By measuring the economic value of these benefits, we can assign a monetary value to the habitats that sustain these species and assess the value that is lost when development or other human-based activities degrade animal habitat. This 5-page fact sheet presents the results of a study that assessed the value of protecting five animal species in Florida and showed the economic value of protecting animal habitat.

Do Private Land Owners Support Species Conservation? Results of a Local Survey (Oregon)

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Kaye ◽  
R. Schwindt ◽  
C. Menke
Keyword(s):  
Species Conservation ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Land Owners

scholarly journals North Pacific warming shifts the juvenile range of a marine apex predator

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kisei R. Tanaka ◽  
Kyle S. Van Houtan ◽  
Eric Mailander ◽  
Beatriz S. Dias ◽  
Carol Galginaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Marine Predator ◽  
Spatial Shift ◽  
Marine Megafauna ◽  
Community Science ◽  
Juvenile Sharks

AbstractDuring the 2014–2016 North Pacific marine heatwave, unprecedented sightings of juvenile white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) emerged in central California. These records contradicted the species established life history, where juveniles remain in warmer waters in the southern California Current. This spatial shift is significant as it creates potential conflicts with commercial fisheries, protected species conservation, and public safety concerns. Here, we integrate community science, photogrammetry, biologging, and mesoscale climate data to describe and explain this phenomenon. We find a dramatic increase in white sharks from 2014 to 2019 in Monterey Bay that was overwhelmingly comprised of juvenile sharks < 2.5 m in total body length. Next, we derived thermal preferences from 22 million tag measurements of 14 juvenile sharks and use this to map the cold limit of their range. Consistent with historical records, the position of this cold edge averaged 34° N from 1982 to 2013 but jumped to 38.5° during the 2014–2016 marine heat wave. In addition to a poleward shift, thermally suitable habitat for juvenile sharks declined 223.2 km2 year−1 from 1982 to 2019 and was lowest in 2015 at the peak of the heatwave. In addition to advancing the adaptive management of this apex marine predator, we discuss this opportunity to engage public on climate change through marine megafauna.

scholarly journals Embryonic development of the fire-eye-tetra Moenkhausia oligolepis (Characiformes: Characidae)

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Raquel Santos dos Santos ◽  
Jeane Rodrigues Rodrigues ◽  
Jhennifer Gomes Cordeiro ◽  
Hadda Tercya ◽  
Marissol Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Classification ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Adhesive Surface ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Summary This study describes the embryonic development of Moenkhausia oligolepis in laboratory conditions. After fertilization, the embryos were collected every 10 min up to 2 h, then every 20 min up to 4 h, and afterwards every 30 min until hatching. The fertilized eggs of M. oligolepis measured approximately 0.85 ± 0.5 mm and had an adhesive surface. Embryonic development lasted 14 h at 25ºC through the zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, neurula, and segmentation phases. Hatching occurred in embryos around the 30-somites stage. The present results contribute only the second description of embryonic development to a species from the Moenkhausia genus, being also the first for this species. Such data are of paramount importance considering the current conflicting state of this genus phylogenetic classification and may help taxonomic studies. Understanding the biology of a species that is easily managed in laboratory conditions and has an ornamental appeal may assist studies in its reproduction to both supply the aquarium market and help the species conservation in nature. Moreover, these data enable the use of M. oligolepis as a model species in biotechnological applications, such as the germ cell transplantation approach.

scholarly journals Giant otter Pteronura brasiliensis density and abundance in Llanos Orientales de Colombia in the Orinoco basin

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Germán Garrote ◽  
Beyker Castañeda ◽  
Jose Manuel Escobar ◽  
Laura Pérez ◽  
Brayan Marín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Population Size ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Recreational Fishing ◽  
Pteronura Brasiliensis ◽  
Direct Counts

Abstract The giant otter Pteronura brasiliensis, categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, was once widely distributed throughout South America. By the middle of the 20th century the giant otter had become locally extinct along the main rivers of the Orinoco basin. Although some populations seem to have recovered, the paucity of information available does not permit a full evaluation of the species' conservation status. The objective of this study was to estimate the abundance and density of the giant otter population along the Orinoco river in the municipality of Puerto Carreño, Vichada, Colombia, where there is important commercial and recreational fishing. Thirty-nine linear km were surveyed, repeatedly, with a total of 315 km of surveys. Population size was estimated by direct counts of individuals. All individuals detected were photographed and identified individually from their throat pelage patterns. In total, 30 otters were identified, giving a minimum density of 0.77 individuals per km, one of the highest reported for the species in Colombia. Given the high density in this well-developed area, our results highlight the importance of this population for the conservation of the species.

scholarly journals Multi-species and multi-tissue methylation clocks for age estimation in toothed whales and dolphins

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd R. Robeck ◽  
Zhe Fei ◽  
Ake T. Lu ◽  
Amin Haghani ◽  
Eve Jourdain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Epigenetic Aging ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Methylation Patterns ◽  
Cg Dinucleotides ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Unique Species

AbstractThe development of a precise blood or skin tissue DNA Epigenetic Aging Clock for Odontocete (OEAC) would solve current age estimation inaccuracies for wild odontocetes. Therefore, we determined genome-wide DNA methylation profiles using a custom array (HorvathMammalMethyl40) across skin and blood samples (n = 446) from known age animals representing nine odontocete species within 4 phylogenetic families to identify age associated CG dinucleotides (CpGs). The top CpGs were used to create a cross-validated OEAC clock which was highly correlated for individuals (r = 0.94) and for unique species (median r = 0.93). Finally, we applied the OEAC for estimating the age and sex of 22 wild Norwegian killer whales. DNA methylation patterns of age associated CpGs are highly conserved across odontocetes. These similarities allowed us to develop an odontocete epigenetic aging clock (OEAC) which can be used for species conservation efforts by provide a mechanism for estimating the age of free ranging odontocetes from either blood or skin samples.

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