In vitro susceptibility of field isolates of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica recovered in Spain to several antimicrobial agents

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
N García del Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Tularensis Subsp ◽  
Field Isolates

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica Isolates from Tularemia Outbreaks That Occurred from the End of the 20th Century to the 2020s in Spain

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
Sonia Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Elías-Fernando Rodríguez-Ferri ◽  
David Rodríguez-Lázaro ◽  
Marta Hernández ◽  
José-Ignacio Gómez-Campillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Tularensis Subsp ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Castilla Y Leon ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Northwestern Spain

A collection of 177 Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica clinical isolates (29 from humans and 148 from animals, mainly hares and voles) was gathered from diverse tularemia outbreaks in the Castilla y León region (northwestern Spain) that occurred from the end of the 20th century to the 2020s. Along with four F. tularensis subsp. holarctica reference strains, all of these clinical isolates were tested using a broth microdilution method to determine their susceptibility to 22 antimicrobial agents, including β-lactams, aminoglycosides and one member each of the tetracycline, glycylcycline, quinolone and sulphonamide classes. Many multi-resistance profiles were found among the tested isolates, but especially among those of human origin (all but two isolates showed resistance to at least 13 of 18 antimicrobial agents). Even so, all human isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and tobramycin, while more than 96% of animal isolates were susceptible to these two aminoglycosides. Ciprofloxacin showed activity against more than 92% of animal and human isolates. However, almost 21% of human isolates were resistant to tetracycline, and more than 65% were resistant to tigecycline. Finally, a quite similar activity to other F. tularensis subsp. holarctica isolates collected 20 years earlier in Spain was observed.

scholarly journals In Vitro Susceptibility of Isolates of Francisella tularensis Types A and B from North America

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 2276-2278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra K. Urich ◽  
Jeannine M. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Laboratory

ABSTRACT Due to concern that Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, may be used as a bioterrorist weapon, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recently provided a susceptibility testing method with breakpoints. Here, 169 isolates (92 type A and 77 type B) from North America were tested against seven antimicrobial agents (streptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and chloramphenicol) used for the treatment of tularemia. The MICs for all of the isolates fell within the susceptible range. In addition, all isolates had MICs for erythromycin of 0.5 to 4 μg/ml, in contrast to an MIC of >256 μg/ml for the common laboratory strain LVS (live vaccine strain).

scholarly journals In Vitro Susceptibility of Mycoplasma hyosynoviae and M. hyorhinis to Antimicrobial Agents.

1996 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1107-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki KOBAYASHI ◽  
Nejdet SONMEZ ◽  
Tetsuo MOROZUMI ◽  
Kenji MITANI ◽  
Nobuyoshi ITO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyosynoviae

scholarly journals 1593. Antimicrobial Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Comparator Agents Against OXA-48 β-lactamase–Producing Enterobacterales Collected in International Medical Centers, Including the United States, in 2017–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S793-S793
Author(s):  
Lynn-Yao Lin ◽  
Dmitri Debabov ◽  
William Chang
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
The United States ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Custom Made

Abstract Background OXA-48 is a carbapenemase with low-level hydrolytic activity toward cephalosporins. This study evaluated in vitro activities of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI), meropenem (MEM), meropenem-vaborbactam (MVB), ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T), and other antimicrobial agents against 113 OXA-48-producing Enterobacterales with multiple resistance mechanisms collected in a 2017–2018 global surveillance program. Methods Nonduplicate clinical isolates of 113 Enterobacterales were collected from medical centers in 25 countries in 2017–2018. In vitro susceptibility tests were performed by broth microdilution with a custom-made panel consisting of CAZ-AVI, ceftazidime (CAZ), MEM, MVB, C/T, colistin (COL), gentamicin (GEN), levofloxacin (LEV), and amikacin (AMK). Whole genome sequencing or quantitative PCR data were used to analyze resistance mechanisms, such as OXA-48, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), original-spectrum β-lactamase (OSBL), and AmpC β-lactamase. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute breakpoints were applied for susceptibility interpretations. Results Of 113 OXA-48–producing clinical isolates, 20 carried OXA-48 alone. The remaining 93 isolates carried additional β-lactamases, including 63 with ESBL (CTX-M-15) + OSBL (SHV, TEM), 15 with AmpC (DHA, AAC, CMY) + ESBL (CTX-M-15), and 15 with OSBL (SHV, TEM). 99.1% (all but 1) of all isolates tested were susceptible to CAZ-AVI, whereas 71.7%, 17.7%, and 14.2% were susceptible to MVB, MEM, and C/T, respectively. Among isolates harboring multiple resistance mechanisms (OXA-48 + ESBL + OSBL; n=63), 98.4%, 69.8%, 11.1%, and 7.9% were susceptible to CAZ-AVI, MVB, MEM, and C/T, respectively. Among isolates carrying OXA-48 + AmpC + ESBL + OSBL (n=15), 100%, 66.7%, 13.3%, and 13.3% were susceptible to CAZ-AVI, MVB, MEM, and C/T, respectively (Table). Aminoglycosides (AMK and GEN) and other β-lactams (eg, CAZ) were 20%–90% active against these isolates. COL was the second most effective comparator, inhibiting 83.2% of these isolates. Table Conclusion CAZ-AVI was the most effective agent in this study compared with other antibiotics, including β-lactams, β-lactam–β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, aminoglycosides, and COL, against OXA-48-producing Enterobacterales carrying multiple β-lactamases. Disclosures Lynn-Yao Lin, MS, AbbVie (Employee) Dmitri Debabov, PhD, AbbVie (Employee) William Chang, BS, AbbVie (Employee)

Assessment of Laboratory Performance With Streptococcus pneumoniae Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing in the United States

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary V. Doern ◽  
Angela B. Brueggemann ◽  
Michael A. Pfaller ◽  
Ronald N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Committee ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract Objective.—To assess the performance of clinical microbiology laboratories in the United States when conducting in vitro susceptibility tests with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods.—The results of a nationwide College of American Pathologists Proficiency Survey test sample, in which susceptibility testing of an isolate of S pneumoniae was performed, were assessed with respect to precision and accuracy. Results.—Wide variability was noted among participating laboratories with both minimum inhibitory concentration procedures and disk diffusion susceptibility tests when both methods were applied to S pneumoniae. Despite this high degree of variation, categorical interpretive errors were uncommon. Numerous laboratories reported results for antimicrobial agents that are not recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for tests with S pneumoniae. Conclusions.—Current susceptibility testing practices with S pneumoniae in the United States indicate limited precision and a tendency for laboratories to test and report results obtained with antimicrobial agents of questionable therapeutic value against this organism. Continued efforts to standardize susceptibility testing of S pneumoniae in the United States are warranted. In addition, modifications of existing interpretive criteria may be necessary.

scholarly journals In Vitro Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to Nine Antimicrobial Agents

1969 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Martin ◽  
Arzell Lester ◽  
Douglas S. Kellogg ◽  
James D. Thayer
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility

scholarly journals In vitro susceptibility studies and detection of vancomycin resistance genes in clinical isolates of enterococci in Nagasaki, Japan

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. HIRAKATA ◽  
T. YAMAGUCHI ◽  
K. IZUMIKAWA ◽  
J. MATSUDA ◽  
K. TOMONO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vancomycin Resistance ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Enterococcus Gallinarum

Glycopeptide resistance in enterococci is now a cause of clinical concern in the United States and Europe. However, details of vancomycin resistance in enterococci in Japan have been unknown. We measured minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of various antimicrobial agents for a total of 218 clinical strains of enterococci isolated in our hospital in 1995–6 in addition to 15 strains with known genotypic markers of resistance. We also screened vancomycin resistance genes using a single step multiplex-PCR.In clinical isolates, only two strains of Enterococcus gallinarum were of intermediate resistance to vancomycin (MIC, 8 μg/ml), while the others were all susceptible. Glycopeptides (vancomycin and teicoplanin) and streptogramins (RP 58500 and RPR 106972) showed potent antimicrobial effects for the isolates. In addition, ampicillin was also potent for Enterococcus faecalis, while ampicillin, minocycline and gentamicin were potent for Enterococcus avium. No vanA or vanB genes were detected, while vanC1 and vanC23 genes were detected from two and four strains, respectively. Our results suggest that incidence of VRE in Japan may be estimated as still very low at this time.

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