LIBS technique combined with blow gas and vacuum suction to remove particle cloud and enhance emission intensity during characterization of powder samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 106215
Author(s):  
Rajavelu Hemalaxmi ◽  
Nilesh J. Vasa ◽  
Satyanarayanan Seshadri
Keyword(s):  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Particle Cloud ◽  
Vacuum Suction ◽  
Powder Samples

Characterization of Amethysts from Sukamara, Central Kalimantan, Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Komang Gde Suastika, Heri Suyanto, Gunarjo, Sadiana, Darmaji
Keyword(s):  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Formula ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown

Abstract - Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is one method of atomic emission spectroscopy using laser ablation as an energy source. This method is used to characterize the type of amethysts that originally come from Sukamara, Central Kalimantan. The result of amethyst characterization can be used as a reference for claiming the natural wealth of the amethyst. The amethyst samples are directly taken from the amethyst mining field in the District Gem Amethyst and consist of four color variations: white, black, yellow, and purple. These samples were analyzed by LIBS, using laser energy of 120 mJ, delay time detection of 2 μs and accumulation of 3, with and without cleaning. The purpose of this study is to determine emission spectra characteristics, contained elements, and physical characteristics of each amethyst sample. The spectra show that the amethyst samples contain some elements such as Al, Ca, K, Fe, Gd, Ba, Si, Be, H, O, N, Cl and Pu with various emission intensities. The value of emission intensity corresponds to concentration of element in the sample. Hence, the characteristics of the amethysts are based on their concentration value. The element with the highest concentration in all samples is Si, which is related to the chemical formula of SiO2. The element with the lowest concentration in all samples is Ca that is found in black and yellow amethysts. The emission intensity of Fe element can distinguish between white, purple, and yellow amethyst. If Fe emission intensity is very low, it indicates yellow sample. Thus, we may conclude that LIBS is a method that can be used to characterize the amethyst samples.Key words: amethyst, impurity, laser-induced, breakdown spectroscopy, characteristic, gemstones

The Synthesis of Ce-Filled CoSb3 and Characterization of its Magnetic and Structural Properties

2003 ◽  
Vol 793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwyn L. E. Smalley ◽  
Brandon Howe ◽  
David C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ferromagnetic Component ◽  
Phase Pure ◽  
Powder Samples

ABSTRACTA series of cerium-containing CoSb3 samples were synthesized, with cerium quantities varying from 0 to 2 stoichiometric equivalents. These samples were annealed at low temperatures to crystallize the kinetically stable phases CexCo4Sb12 (x = 0–0.5). X-ray diffraction showed that these samples were phase pure, and Rietveld analysis on x-ray diffraction data from powder samples indicated that these samples were 25–88% crystalline. Electrical measurements showed that these samples are n-type, which was previously unknown in CexCo4Sb12. Magnetic measurements showed that the samples were paramagnetic due to the cerium being incorporated into the diamagnetic CoSb3 compound. In addition, they contained a ferromagnetic component that was attributed to the amorphous, cerium-containing phase.

NMR Characterization of Half-integer Quadrupolar Nuclei in Solids

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 665-674
Author(s):  
J. P. Amoureux
Keyword(s):  
Quadrupolar Nuclei ◽  
Rf Amplifier ◽  
Quadrupole Interactions ◽  
Half Integer ◽  
Nmr Characterization ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Fixed Axis ◽  
Spinning Speed

Abstract This article describes a few aspects of NMR characterization of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in powder samples which are either static or rotating around one fixed axis (M.A.S. and V.A.S. techniques). The simultaneous occurence of C.S.A. and quadrupole interactions with possible noncoincident tensors is discussed. Two experimental limitations are taken into accout: the sample spinning speed and the RF-amplifier power

QUANTUM CHEMISTRY OF OXIDE SURFACES: FROM CO CHEMISORPTION TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF POINT DEFECTS ON MgO

2000 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 277-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIANFRANCO PACCHIONI
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Oxide Surfaces ◽  
Comparison Of Experiments ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Adsorption Of Co ◽  
Single Oxygen ◽  
Critical Overview ◽  
Mgo Surface ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies

The electronic structure and chemisorption properties of the surface of ionic crystals are reviewed, with emphasis on two topics: a critical overview of the experimental and theoretical studies of the adsorption of CO on single crystal and polycrystalline MgO, and a discussion on the most important defect centers at the MgO surface — low-coordinated sites, single oxygen and magnesium vacancies, divacancies, and impurity or substitutional atoms. The two subjects are to some extent interconnected. From the detailed theoretical and experimental study of the adsorption of a nonreactive molecule like CO and from the comparison of experiments done on single crystal or thin films and on powder samples, one can learn about the nature and concentration of the defects at the surface. A more precise characterization of defects requires, however, a careful spectroscopic investigation and a direct comparison with quantum-chemical calculations of both geometric structure and observable properties. The combined theoretical–experimental approach offers new opportunities for a better understanding of the complexity of oxide surfaces.

X-ray microstructural characterization of Y-PSZ (5 mol%) nanocrystalline powder samples

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sánchez-Bajo ◽  
F.L. Cumbrera ◽  
F. Guiberteau ◽  
A. Domínguez-Rodríguez ◽  
M.V. Tsodikov
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Nanocrystalline Powder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Samples

Characterization of Hazelnut Milk Powders: A Comparison of Spray-Drying and Freeze-Drying

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (11-12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ertan Ermis ◽  
Kübra Özkan Güner ◽  
Mustafa Tahsin Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Residual Moisture ◽  
Hausner Ratio ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Supporting Material

Abstract Production of hazelnut milk powder (HMP) was investigated using maltodextrin (MD) as supporting material. Spray-drying and freeze-drying techniques were used to obtain the powder material. MD was added at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% (w/w) prior to drying. The powder properties were evaluated by determining flowing properties (Hausner ratio and angle of repose), thermal behaviour using DSC, molecular properties using FTIR, solubility and zeta potential. Hausner Ratio for both spray dried (SDHMP) and freze-dried (FDHMP) samples varied from 1.30 to 1.64 corresponding to very poor flow. The FDHM powder samples exhibited slightly lower Hausner Ratio values than SDHM powders. FTIR spectras showed that both SDHM and FDHM exhibited similar absorbance characteristics with slight differences. Lower endothermic transition temperatures were recorded from FDHMP when compared to SDHMP. The solubility in water for both powder samples ranged from 20 to 65 % depending on the drying method and MD content. Based on the residual moisture content, water activity, solubility and flowability, spray drying process was found to produce better quality powders compared to freeze drying process.

Synthesis of Metal Doped BiFeO3 Nanoparticles and their Dielectric and Magnetic Properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 1101 ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Bashir Ahmmad ◽  
M.A. Basith ◽  
Kunihiro Koike ◽  
Shigeru Kubota ◽  
Fumihiko Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Solid State Reaction Technique ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
Bulk Powder ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Metal Doped

Dielectric and magnetic properties of BiFeO3 samples, co-doped with Gd or Ba and Ti in place of Bi and Fe, respectively, were investigated. The bulk powder samples of nominal compositions of Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe1–xTixO3 and Bi0.7Ba0.3Fe1-xTixO3 (x=0.00-0.25) ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid state reaction technique. The as prepared ceramics showed improved dielectric and magnetic properties. Also, ultrafine nanoparticles of the samples were prepared by milling assisted ultrasonic fragmentation of the bulk powder. The particles size was studied as a function of sonication time with TEM imaging and electron diffraction. These confirmed the formation of a large fraction of single-crystalline Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe1–xTixO3 nanoparticles with a mean size of 11-13 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibit an improved magnetic behavior compared to their bulk counterparts at room temperature. The preparation and characterization of bulk ceramics as well as their nanoparticles were reported.

Synthesis and Characterization of Tb3+-Doped HA Nanoparticles Used as Biological Florescent Probe

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 4426-4429
Author(s):  
Wei Min Gao ◽  
Yu Ping Guo ◽  
Liang Hu ◽  
Yu Qiong Chen ◽  
Xiao Feng Xing
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Maximum Emission

A biological florescent probe Tb3+-doped hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles was synthesized by hydrothermal method. During this process, L-lysine was added as a template, and different amount of Tb3+was added to investigate the influence on the florescent property. The products were characterized by using XRD, TEM and PL. Results showed that with Tb3+adding, the size and crystallinity of nanoparticles were changed, while their maximum emission intensity was at 544 nm and the best content of Tb3+was 2 mol%.

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