Physiological and transcriptional response of carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism in tomato plant leaves to nickel ion and nitrogen levels

In the olden days, plant diseases could be measured by visual observation and based on the level and severity of the symptoms on plant leaves. Over the day, it became a high-level degree of complexity due to the huge volume of cultivated plants. Now a day, the diseases are very different due to diverted manure procedures, and its diagnosis will be very tough even experienced farmers and agronomists too. Even though, after diagnosis, there is a lack of perfect remedy or mistaken treatment for that. The plants are affecting by many vascular fungal diseases which are widespread in many crops. Fusarium wilt (FW) is one of the fungal diseases in many plants. Mostly the tomato, sweet potatoes, tobacco, legumes, cucurbits plants are affected by this Fusarium oxysporum (FO) disease often due to its soil. The main goal of this research article is used to determine FO disease in the tomato plant leaves. Besides, the proposed algorithm constructs model with two times classifying and identifying the disease for better accuracy. The open database consists of 87k images with 60% affected leaves images, 40% healthy plant leaves too. Our proposed hybrid algorithm is found the disease with 96% accuracy with the huge amount of dataset.

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Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide Improves Photosynthesis in Mulberry Leaves via Effective Utilization of Excess Absorbed Light Energy

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10040312 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 312 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yue Wang ◽

Weiwei Jin ◽

Yanhui Che ◽

Dan Huang ◽

Jiechen Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Dioxide ◽

Nitrogen Metabolism ◽

Heat Dissipation ◽

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Light Energy ◽

Plant Leaves ◽

Plant Nitrogen ◽

Mulberry Leaves ◽

Excess Light

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is recognized as a toxic gaseous air pollutant. However, atmospheric NO2 can be absorbed by plant leaves and subsequently participate in plant nitrogen metabolism. The metabolism of atmospheric NO2 utilizes and consumes the light energy that leaves absorb. As such, it remains unclear whether the consumption of photosynthetic energy through nitrogen metabolism can decrease the photosynthetic capacity of plant leaves or not. In this study, we fumigated mulberry (Morus alba L.) plants with 4 μL·L−1 NO2 and analyzed the distribution of light energy absorbed by plants in NO2 metabolism using gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence technology, as well as biochemical methods. NO2 fumigation enhanced the nitrogen metabolism of mulberry leaves, improved the photorespiration rate, and consumed excess light energy to protect the photosynthetic apparatus. Additionally, the excess light energy absorbed by the photosystem II reaction center in leaves of mulberry was dissipated in the form of heat dissipation. Thus, light energy was absorbed more efficiently in photosynthetic carbon assimilation in mulberry plants fumigated with 4 μL·L−1 NO2, which in turn increased the photosynthetic efficiency of mulberry leaves.

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