Short-term impacts of air temperature on hospitalizations for mental disorders in Lisbon

AbstractAir pollution monitoring is constantly increasing, giving more and more attention to its consequences on human health. Since Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are the major pollutants, various models have been developed on predicting their potential damages. Nevertheless, providing precise predictions is almost impossible. In this study, a new hybrid intelligent model based on long short-term memory (LSTM) and multi-verse optimization algorithm (MVO) has been developed to predict and analysis the air pollution obtained from Combined Cycle Power Plants. In the proposed model, long short-term memory model is a forecaster engine to predict the amount of produced NO2 and SO2 by the Combined Cycle Power Plant, where the MVO algorithm is used to optimize the LSTM parameters in order to achieve a lower forecasting error. In addition, in order to evaluate the proposed model performance, the model has been applied using real data from a Combined Cycle Power Plant in Kerman, Iran. The datasets include wind speed, air temperature, NO2, and SO2 for five months (May–September 2019) with a time step of 3-h. In addition, the model has been tested based on two different types of input parameters: type (1) includes wind speed, air temperature, and different lagged values of the output variables (NO2 and SO2); type (2) includes just lagged values of the output variables (NO2 and SO2). The obtained results show that the proposed model has higher accuracy than other combined forecasting benchmark models (ENN-PSO, ENN-MVO, and LSTM-PSO) considering different network input variables. Graphic abstract

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PMH51 Long- and Short-Term Disability and Workers' Compensation Trends for Employees with Mental Disorders in the United States

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2021.04.673 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. S137

Author(s):

R. Brook ◽

N.L. Kleinman ◽

I.A. Beren

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

The United States ◽

Workers Compensation ◽

Short Term

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Assessing the effects of air temperature and rainfall on malaria incidence: an epidemiological study across Rwanda and Uganda

Geospatial health ◽

10.4081/gh.2016.379 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1s) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Felipe J. Colón-González ◽

Adrian M. Tompkins ◽

Riccardo Biondi ◽

Jean Pierre Bizimana ◽

Didacus Bambaiha Namanya

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Malaria Incidence ◽

Temporal Correlation ◽

Early Warning Systems ◽

Socioeconomic Indicators ◽

Malaria Surveillance ◽

Short Term ◽

Climatic Information ◽

Short Term Effects

We investigate the short-term effects of air temperature, rainfall, and socioeconomic indicators on malaria incidence across Rwanda and Uganda from 2002 to 2011. Delayed and nonlinear effects of temperature and rainfall data are estimated using generalised additive mixed models with a distributed lag nonlinear specification. A time series cross-validation algorithm is implemented to select the best subset of socioeconomic predictors and to define the degree of smoothing of the weather variables. Our findings show that trends in malaria incidence agree well with variations in both temperature and rainfall in both countries, although factors other than climate seem to play an important role too. The estimated short-term effects of air temperature and precipitation are nonlinear, in agreement with previous research and the ecology of the disease. These effects are robust to the effects of temporal correlation. The effects of socioeconomic data are difficult to ascertain and require further evaluation with longer time series. Climate-informed models had lower error estimates compared to models with no climatic information in 77 and 60% of the districts in Rwanda and Uganda, respectively. Our results highlight the importance of using climatic information in the analysis of malaria surveillance data, and show potential for the development of climateinformed malaria early warning systems.

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Preventive interventions in offspring of parents with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721003366 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (14) ◽

pp. 2321-2336

Author(s):

Alice Lannes ◽

Eric Bui ◽

Catherine Arnaud ◽

Jean-Philippe Raynaud ◽

Alexis Revet

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Internalizing Symptoms ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Short Term ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Post Test

AbstractChildren with parents suffering from a psychiatric disorder are at higher risk for developing a mental disorder themselves. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aims to evaluate the efficacy of psychosocial interventions to prevent negative mental health outcomes in the offspring of parents with mental illness. Eight electronic databases, grey literature and a journal hand-search identified 14 095 randomized controlled trials with no backward limit to June 2021. Outcomes in children included incidence of mental disorders (same or different from parental ones) and internalizing and externalizing symptoms at post-test, short-term and long-term follow-up. Relative risks and standardized mean differences (SMD) for symptom severity were generated using random-effect meta-analyses. Twenty trials were selected (pooled n = 2689 children). The main therapeutic approaches found were cognitive-behavioural therapy and psychoeducation. A significant effect of interventions on the incidence of mental disorders in children was found with a risk reduction of almost 50% [combined relative risk = 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34–0.84]. Interventions also had a small but significant effect on internalizing symptoms at post-test (SMD = −0.25, 95% CI −0.37 to −0.14) and short-term follow-up (−0.20, 95% CI −0.37 to −0.03). For externalizing symptoms, a decreasing slope was observed at post-test follow-up, without reaching the significance level (−0.11, 95% CI −0.27 to 0.04). Preventive interventions targeting the offspring of parents with mental disorders showed not only a significant reduction of the incidence of mental illness in children, but also a diminution of internalizing symptoms in the year following the intervention.

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Wildfire and Postfire Restoration Action Effects on Microclimate and Seedling Pine Tree Survivorship

Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management ◽

10.3996/072013-jfwm-051 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 174-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Donald J. Brown ◽

Ivana Mali ◽

Michael R.J. Forstner

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Loblolly Pine ◽

Absolute Humidity ◽

Short Term ◽

Burned Areas ◽

High Severity ◽

Postfire Management

Abstract Through modification of structural characteristics, ecological processes such as fire can affect microhabitat parameters, which in turn can influence community composition dynamics. The prevalence of high-severity forest fires is increasing in the southern and western United States, creating the necessity to better understand effects of high-severity fire, and subsequent postfire management actions, on forest ecosystems. In this study we used a recent high-severity wildfire in the Lost Pines ecoregion of Texas to assess effects of the wildfire and postfire clearcutting on six microclimate parameters: air temperature, absolute humidity, mean wind speed, maximum wind speed, soil temperature, and soil moisture. We also assessed differences between burned areas and burned and subsequently clearcut areas for short-term survivorship of loblolly pine Pinus taeda seedling trees. We found that during the summer months approximately 2 y after the wildfire, mean and maximum wind speed differed between unburned and burned areas, as well as burned and burned and subsequently clearcut areas. Our results indicated air temperature, absolute humidity, soil temperature, and soil moisture did not differ between unburned and burned areas, or burned and burned and subsequently clearcut areas, during the study period. We found that short-term survivorship of loblolly pine seedling trees was influenced primarily by soil type, but was also lower in clearcut habitat compared with habitat containing dead standing trees. Ultimately, however, the outcome of the reforestation initiative will likely depend primarily on whether or not the trees can survive drought conditions in the future, and this study indicates there is flexibility in postfire management options prior to reseeding. Further, concerns about negative wildfire effects on microclimate parameters important to the endangered Houston toad Bufo (Anaxyrus) houstonensis were not supported in this study.

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Correlates and Short-Term Course of Self-Poisoning in Adolescents

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.168.1.38 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 168 (1) ◽

pp. 38-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

Michael Kerfoot ◽

Elizabeth Dyer ◽

Val Harrington ◽

Adrine Woodham ◽

Richard Harrington

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Major Depression ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Family Background ◽

Family Dysfunction ◽

Treatment Trial ◽

Short Term ◽

Community Controls ◽

Specific Association

BackgroundThe features of adolescents who had taken an overdose were assessed to determine the focus for a treatment trial.MethodOverdose cases were compared with psychiatric and community controls who had not taken an overdose in respect of mental disorders and family background.ResultsOverdose cases had high rates of major depression, but most of them recovered from depression within six weeks of the overdose. There was a specific association between taking an overdose and family dysfunction.ConclusionsFamily dysfunction could be a useful focus in a clinical trial of the aftercare of adolescents who have taken an overdose.

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