scholarly journals Monetized health benefits attributable to mobile source emission reductions across the United States in 2025

2019 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 2490-2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Wolfe ◽  
Kenneth Davidson ◽  
Charles Fulcher ◽  
Neal Fann ◽  
Margaret Zawacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mobile Source ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Source Emission

scholarly journals Health benefits of decreases in on-road transportation emissions in the United States from 2008 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (51) ◽  
pp. e2107402118
Author(s):  
Ernani F. Choma ◽  
John S. Evans ◽  
José A. Gómez-Ibáñez ◽  
Qian Di ◽  
Joel D. Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Attributable Mortality ◽  
Emission Reductions ◽  
Air Pollution Regulation

Decades of air pollution regulation have yielded enormous benefits in the United States, but vehicle emissions remain a climate and public health issue. Studies have quantified the vehicle-related fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-attributable mortality but lack the combination of proper counterfactual scenarios, latest epidemiological evidence, and detailed spatial resolution; all needed to assess the benefits of recent emission reductions. We use this combination to assess PM2.5-attributable health benefits and also assess the climate benefits of on-road emission reductions between 2008 and 2017. We estimate total benefits of $270 (190 to 480) billion in 2017. Vehicle-related PM2.5-attributable deaths decreased from 27,700 in 2008 to 19,800 in 2017; however, had per-mile emission factors remained at 2008 levels, 48,200 deaths would have occurred in 2017. The 74% increase from 27,700 to 48,200 PM2.5-attributable deaths with the same emission factors is due to lower baseline PM2.5 concentrations (+26%), more vehicle miles and fleet composition changes (+22%), higher baseline mortality (+13%), and interactions among these (+12%). Climate benefits were small (3 to 19% of the total). The percent reductions in emissions and PM2.5-attributable deaths were similar despite an opportunity to achieve disproportionately large health benefits by reducing high-impact emissions of passenger light-duty vehicles in urban areas. Increasingly large vehicles and an aging population, increasing mortality, suggest large health benefits in urban areas require more stringent policies. Local policies can be effective because high-impact primary PM2.5 and NH3 emissions disperse little outside metropolitan areas. Complementary national-level policies for NOx are merited because of its substantial impacts—with little spatial variability—and dispersion across states and metropolitan areas.

scholarly journals Union Effects on Health Insurance Provision and Coverage in the United States

ILR Review ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Buchmueller ◽  
John Dinardo ◽  
Robert G. Valletta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Union Density ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Private Sector Union

During the past two decades, union density has declined in the United States and employer provision of health benefits has changed substantially in extent and form. Using individual survey data spanning the years 1983–97 combined with employer survey data for 1993, the authors update and extend previous analyses of private-sector union effects on employer-provided health benefits. They find that the union effect on health insurance coverage rates has fallen somewhat but remains large, due to an increase over time in the union effect on employee “take-up” of offered insurance, and that declining unionization explains 20–35% of the decline in employee health coverage. The increasing union take-up effect is linked to union effects on employees' direct costs for health insurance and the availability of retiree coverage.

scholarly journals Health Benefits From Large Scale Ozone Reduction In The United States

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse D. Berman ◽  
Frank Curriero ◽  
Patrick Breysse ◽  
Neal Fann ◽  
John W. Hollingsworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Cash versus Lotteries: COVID-19 Vaccine Incentives Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond M Duch ◽  
Adrian Barnett ◽  
Maciej Filipek ◽  
Laurence Roope ◽  
Mara Violato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Random Assignment

Governments are considering financial incentives to increase vaccine uptake to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Incentives being offered include cash-equivalents such as vouchers or being entered into lotteries. Our experiment involved random assignment of 1,628 unvaccinated participants in the United States to one of three 45 second informational videos promoting vaccination with messages about: (a) health benefits of COVID-19 vaccines (control); (b) being entered into lotteries; or (c) receiving cash equivalent vouchers. After seeing the control health information video, 16% of individuals wanted information on where to get vaccinated. This compared with 14% of those assigned to the lottery video (odds ratio of 0.82 relative to control: 95% credible interval 0.57-1.17) and 22% of those assigned to the cash voucher video (odds ratio of 1.53 relative to control: 95% credible interval 1.11-2.11). These results support greater use of cash vouchers to promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake and do not support the use of lottery incentives.

Acculturation and Physical Activity Among Latinos

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana F. Abraído-Lanza ◽  
Karen R. Flórez ◽  
Rachel C. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Many

Despite the many health benefits of physical activity (PA), the majority of Latinos do not meet recommended levels of PA. This chapter provides an overview of research on acculturation and PA among adult Latinos in the United States. It identifies gaps in knowledge concerning the association between acculturation and different types of PA, the joint effects of socioeconomic position and acculturation on PA, and research on gender. It suggests several areas for further research related to acculturation and PA, including an exploration of norms, social networks, and broader social contexts. It concludes that although the bulk of evidence indicates that greater acculturation is associated with increased PA, more complex research designs and greater methodological and conceptual rigor are needed to move forward research in this area.

scholarly journals Cognitive, social, emotional, and subjective health benefits of computer use in adults: A 9-year longitudinal study from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 106179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andree Hartanto ◽  
Jose C. Yong ◽  
Wei Xing Toh ◽  
Sean T.H. Lee ◽  
Germaine Y.Q. Tng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The United States ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Social Emotional
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document