scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on air pollution levels in East Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 754 ◽  
pp. 142226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Ghahremanloo ◽  
Yannic Lops ◽  
Yunsoo Choi ◽  
Seyedali Mousavinezhad
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Pollution Levels

scholarly journals Daily air pollution levels and acute asthma in southern Sweden

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 900-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Forsberg ◽  
N. Stjernberg ◽  
R. Linné ◽  
B. Segerstedt ◽  
S. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Acute Asthma ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Pollution Levels

scholarly journals Regional Features of Long-Term Exposure to PM2.5 Air Quality over Asia under SSP Scenarios Based on CMIP6 Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6817
Author(s):  
Sungbo Shim ◽  
Hyunmin Sung ◽  
Sanghoon Kwon ◽  
Jisun Kim ◽  
Jaehee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Quality Controls ◽  
Quality Guidelines

This study investigates changes in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration and air-quality index (AQI) in Asia using nine different Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Project 6 (CMIP6) climate model ensembles from historical and future scenarios under shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). The results indicated that the estimated present-day PM2.5 concentrations were comparable to satellite-derived data. Overall, the PM2.5 concentrations of the analyzed regions exceeded the WHO air-quality guidelines, particularly in East Asia and South Asia. In future SSP scenarios that consider the implementation of significant air-quality controls (SSP1-2.6, SSP5-8.5) and medium air-quality controls (SSP2-4.5), the annual PM2.5 levels were predicted to substantially reduce (by 46% to around 66% of the present-day levels) in East Asia, resulting in a significant improvement in the AQI values in the mid-future. Conversely, weak air pollution controls considered in the SSP3-7.0 scenario resulted in poor AQI values in China and India. Moreover, a predicted increase in the percentage of aged populations (>65 years) in these regions, coupled with high AQI values, may increase the risk of premature deaths in the future. This study also examined the regional impact of PM2.5 mitigations on downward shortwave energy and surface air temperature. Our results revealed that, although significant air pollution controls can reduce long-term exposure to PM2.5, it may also contribute to the warming of near- and mid-future climates.

The Relationship Between Atmospheric Boundary Layer Structure, Brown Haze, and Air Pollution in Auckland, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Marley ◽  
Kim Dirks ◽  
Andrew Neverman ◽  
Ian McKendry ◽  
Jennifer Salmond
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Atmospheric Boundary Layer ◽  
Boundary Layers ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Residual Layer ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Haze Formation

<p><span><span>A brown air pollution haze that forms over some international cities during the winter has been found to be associated with negative health outcomes and high surface air pollution levels. Previous research has demonstrated a well-established link between the structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and surface air quality; however, the degree to which the structure of the ABL influences for formation of local-</span></span><span><span>scale</span></span><span><span> brown haze is unknown. Using continuous ceilometer data covering seven consecutive winters, we investigate the influence of the structure of the ABL in relation to surface air pollution and brown haze formation over an urban area of complex coastal terrain in the Southern Hemisphere city of Auckland, New Zealand. Our results suggest the depth and evolution of the ABL has a strong influence on severe brown haze formation. When days with severe brown haze are compared with those when brown haze is expected but not observed (based on favorable meteorology and high surface air pollution levels), days with severe brown haze are found to coincide with significantly shallower daytime convective boundary layers (~ 48% lower), and the nights preceding brown haze formation are found to have significantly shallower nocturnal boundary layers (~ 28% lower). On severe brown haze days the growth rate during the morning transition phase from a nocturnal boundary layer to a convective daytime boundary layer is found to be significantly reduced (70 m h</span></span><sup><span><span>-1</span></span></sup><span><span>) compared to days on which brown haze is expected but not observed (170 m h</span></span><sup><span><span>-1</span></span></sup><span><span>). Compared with moderate brown haze, severe brown haze conditions are found to be associated with a significantly higher proportion of days with a distinct residual layer present in the ceilometer profiles, suggesting the entrainment of residual layer pollutants may contribute to the severity of the haze. This study illustrates the complex interaction between the ABL structure, air pollution, and the presence of brown haze, and demonstrates the utility of a ceilometer instrument in understanding and predicting the occurrence of brown haze events. </span></span></p>

Use of face masks and allergic rhinitis from ragweed: why mention only total pollen count and not air pollution levels?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennaro Liccardi ◽  
Matteo Martini ◽  
Maria Beatrice Bilò ◽  
Manlio Milanese ◽  
Paola Rogliani
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Pollen Count ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Total Pollen

Preliminary hazard assessment of air pollution levels in Nizwa, Rusayl and Sur in Oman

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Patrick Amoatey ◽  
Hamid Omidvarborna ◽  
Mahad Said Baawain ◽  
Issa Al-Harthy ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Pollution Levels

scholarly journals Quantifying the impact of air pollution on the urban population of Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl 4) ◽  
pp. S529-S536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabel Marcilio ◽  
Nelson Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Time Series Studies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Respiratory Causes

This study aimed to quantify air pollution impact on morbidity and mortality in the Brazilian urban population using locally generated impact factors. Concentration-response coefficients were used to estimate the number of hospitalizations and deaths attributable to air pollution in seven Brazilian cities. Poisson regression coefficients (beta) were obtained from time-series studies conducted in Brazil. The study included individuals 65 years old and over and children under five. More than 600 deaths a year from respiratory causes in the elderly and 47 in children were attributable to mean air pollution levels, corresponding to 4.9% and 5.5% of all deaths from respiratory causes in these age groups. More than 4,000 hospital admissions for respiratory conditions were also attributable to air pollution. These results quantitatively demonstrate the currently observed contribution of air pollution to mortality and hospitalizations in Brazilian cities. Such assessment is thought to help support the planning of surveillance and control activities for air pollution in these and similar areas.

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