Meadow degradation increases spatial turnover rates of the fungal community through both niche selection and dispersal limitation

2021 ◽  
pp. 149362
Author(s):  
Yingcheng Wang ◽  
Guangxin Lu ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
Xiongfeng Du ◽  
Qing He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Spatial Turnover ◽  
Meadow Degradation

scholarly journals Dynamic Microbial Network Structure and Assembly Process in Rhizosphere and Bulk Soils Along a Coniferous Plantation Chronosequence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Liguo Dong ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxiong Bai ◽  
Jiawen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Pinus Tabulaeformis ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plantation Development

Abstract Aims: During plantation development, microbial composition and diversity are critical for the establishment of plant diversity and multiple ecosystem functions. Here we aimed to evaluate the impacts of chronosequence and soil compartment on the bacterial and fungal community compositions, species co-occurrence, and assembly processes in forest ecosystem.Methods: Soils were collected in rhizosphere and bulk soils along a Pinus tabulaeformis plantation chronosequence (15, 30 and 60 years old). The bacterial and fungal communities were determined using amplicon sequencing.Results: The effect of stand age on the soil properties and microbial community structures was stronger than the effect of the soil compartment. In all soil samples, the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi. Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, and Mortierellomycota were the dominant fungal phyla. Higher turnover rates of soil microbial communities were observed in rhizosphere soil than in bulk soil. Dispersal limitation governed the bacterial and fungal community assembly in all soil samples, and the fungal community was more susceptible to dispersal limitation. The bacterial and fungal keystone species compositions in the rhizosphere had significant positive correlations with the soil total phosphorus and nitrite nitrogen and total nitrogen and total phosphorus, respectively, indicating their importance in soil nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. The complexity of bacterial networks increased along the chronosequence. Fungal network complexity did not show a clear age-related trend but increased from bulk soil to the rhizosphere.Conclusions: During Pinus tabulaeformis plantation development, soil microbial assembly was less environmentally constrained due to an increase in resource availability.

Environmental filtering affects fungal communities more than dispersal limitation in a high-elevation hyperarid basin on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Xing ◽  
Qing-bo Gao ◽  
Fa-qi Zhang ◽  
Jiu-li Wang ◽  
Shi-long Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Soil Fungal Community

Abstract The Qaidam Basin is the most extensive (120,000 km2) basin on the Qinghai-Tibet Plataea (QTP). Recent studies have shown that environmental selection and dispersal limitation influence the soil fungal community significantly in a large-scale distance. However, less is known about large-scale soil fungal community assemblages and its response to the elevation gradient in the high-elevation basin ecosystems. We studied fungal assemblages using Illumina sequencing of the ITS1 region from 35 sites of the Qaidam Basin. As the increase of elevation, fungal species richness and Chao1 index also increased. The Ascomycota was the most abundant phylum (more than 70% of total sequences), and six of the ten most abundance fungal family was detected in all 35 soil samples. The key factors influencing the soil fungal community composition in the Qaidam Basin were environmental filtering (soil properties and climate factors). The Mantel test showed no significant relationship between geographic distance and community similarity (r = 0.05 p = 0.81). The absence of the distance effect might be caused by lacking dispersal limitation for the soil fungal community.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation in Soil Fungal Communities across Paddy Fields in Subtropical China

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfa Li ◽  
Weitao Li ◽  
Alex J. Dumbrell ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Guilong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Soil Layers

ABSTRACT Fungi underpin almost all terrestrial ecosystem functions, yet our understanding of their community ecology lags far behind that of other organisms. Here, red paddy soils in subtropical China were collected across a soil depth profile, comprising 0-to-10-cm- (0-10cm-), 10-20cm-, and 20-40cm-deep layers. Using Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, distance-decay relationships (DDRs), and ecological models, fungal assemblages and their spatial patterns were investigated from each soil depth. We observed significant spatial variation in fungal communities and found that environmental heterogeneity decreased with soil depth, while spatial variation in fungal communities showed the opposite trend. DDRs occurred only in 0-10cm- and 10-20cm-deep soil layers, not in the 20-40cm layer. Our analyses revealed that the fungal community assembly in the 0-10cm layer was primarily governed by environmental filtering and a high dispersal rate, while in the deeper layer (20-40cm), it was primarily governed by dispersal limitation with minimal environmental filtering. Both environmental filtering and dispersal limitation controlled fungal community assembly in the 10-20cm layer, with dispersal limitation playing the major role. Results demonstrate the decreasing importance of environmental filtering and an increase in the importance of dispersal limitation in structuring fungal communities from shallower to deeper soils. Effectively, “everything is everywhere, but the environment selects,” although only in shallower soils that are easily accessible to dispersive fungal propagules. This work highlights that perceived drivers of fungal community assembly are dependent on sampling depth, suggesting that caution is required when interpreting diversity patterns from samples that integrate across depths. IMPORTANCE In this work, Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing of the ITS region was used to investigate the spatial variation and assembly mechanisms of fungal communities from different soil layers across paddy fields in subtropical China, and the results demonstrate the decreasing importance of environmental filtering and an increase in the importance of dispersal limitation in structuring fungal communities from shallower to deeper soils. Therefore, the results of this study highlight that perceived drivers of fungal community assembly are dependent on sampling depth and suggest that caution is required when interpreting diversity patterns from samples that integrate across depths. This is the first study focusing on assemblages of fungal communities in different soil layers on a relatively large scale, and we thus believe that this study is of great importance to researchers and readers in microbial ecology, especially in microbial biogeography, because the results can provide sampling guidance in future studies of microbial biogeography.

scholarly journals Linking global turnover of species and environments

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (46) ◽  
pp. 17836-17841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren B. Buckley ◽  
Walter Jetz
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Geographic Patterns ◽  
Spatial Turnover ◽  
Explicit Analysis

Patterns of species turnover are central to the geography of biodiversity and resulting challenges for conservation, but at broad scales remain relatively little understood. Here, we take a first spatially-explicitly and global perspective to link the spatial turnover of species and environments. We compare how major groups of vertebrate ectotherms (amphibians) and endotherms (birds) respond to spatial environmental gradients. We find that high levels of species turnover occur regardless of environmental turnover rates, but environmental turnover provides a lower bound for species turnover. This lower bound increases more steeply with environmental turnover in tropical realms. While bird and amphibian turnover rates are correlated, the rate of amphibian turnover is four times steeper than bird rates. This is the same factor by which average geographic ranges of birds are larger than those of amphibians. Narrow-ranged birds exhibit rapid rates of species turnover similar to those for amphibians, while wide-ranged birds largely drive the aggregate patterns of avian turnover. We confirm a strong influence of the environment on species turnover that is mediated by range sizes and regional history. In contrast to geographic patterns of species richness, we find that the turnover in one group (amphibians) is a much better predictor for the turnover in another (birds) than is environment. This result confirms the role of amphibian sensitivity to environmental conditions for patterns of turnover and supports their value as a surrogate group. This spatially-explicit analysis of environmental turnover provides understanding for conservation planning in changing environments.

scholarly journals High diversity of basal fungal lineages and stochastic processes controlled fungal community assembly in mangrove sediments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Feng Zhang ◽  
Yue-Ping Pan ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Meng Li
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Mangrove Sediments ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Occurrence Patterns

Fungi are key components of microbial community in mangrove wetlands, with important roles in the transformation of nutrients and energy. However, existing studies typically focus on cultivable fungi, and seldomly on the structure and driving factors of the entire fungal communities. The compositions, community assembly and interaction patterns of mangrove fungal community on large scale remain elusive. Here, biogeography, assembly and co-occurrence patterns of fungal communities in mangrove across Eastern to Southern China were systematically analyzed by targeting the entire ITS region with high-throughput Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time sequencing. The analysis recovered a high level of fungal diversity, including a number of basal fungal lineages not previously reported in mangroves, such as Rozellomycota and Chytridiomycota . Beta nearest-taxon index analyses suggested a determinant role of dispersal limitation on fungal community in overall and most individual mangroves, with supporting from the strong distance-decay patterns of community similarity. Further, nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses revealed a similar biogeography of dominant and rare fungal community. A minor role of environmental selection on the fungal community was noted, with geographical location and sediment depth as crucial factors driving the distribution of both, the dominant and rare taxa. Finally, network analysis revealed high modularized co-occurrence patterns of fungal community in mangrove sediments, and the keystone taxa might play important roles in microbial interactions and ecological functions. The investigation expands our understanding of biogeography, assembly patterns, driving factors, and co-occurrence relationships of mangrove fungi, and will spur the further functional exploration and protection of fungal resources in mangrove. IMPORTANCE As key components of microbial community in mangroves, fungi have important ecological functions. However, fungal community in mangrove on large scale is generally elusive, and mangroves are declining rapidly due to climate change and anthropogenic activities. This work provided an overview of fungal community structure and biogeography in mangrove wetlands along an over-9000 km coastline across Eastern to Southern China. Our study observed a high number of basal fungal lineages in mangrove sediments, such as Rozellomycota and Chytridiomycota . In addition, our results highlighted a crucial role of dispersal limitation and a minor role of environmental selections on fungal community in mangrove sediments. These novel findings add important knowledge about the structure, assembly processes, and driving factors of fungal community in mangrove sediments.

scholarly journals Stochastic and deterministic drivers of seasonal variation of fungal community in tobacco field soil

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6962
Author(s):  
Xing Li ◽  
Tianming Li ◽  
Delong Meng ◽  
Tianbo Liu ◽  
Yongjun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Null Model ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Soil Fungal Community ◽  
Community Variation

Background The soil fungal community plays an important role in global carbon cycling and shows obvious seasonal variations, however, drivers, particularly stochastic drivers, of the seasonal variation in the fungal community have never been addressed in sufficient detail. Methods We investigated the soil fungal community variation between summer growing (SG) and winter fallow (WF) stage, through high throughput sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicons. Subsequently, we assessed the contribution of different ecological processes to community assembly using null-model-based statistical framework. Results The results showed that the fungal community diversity decreased significantly after tobacco cropping in the SG stage and the composition showed a clear turnover between the WF and SG stages. The variation in community composition was largely attributable to the presence of a small portion of Dothideomycetes in the WF stage that dominated the soil fungal community in the SG stage. The organic matter, temperature, and water content were the main deterministic factors that regulated the fungal community; these factors explained 34.02% of the fungal community variation. Together with the result that the fungal community was mainly assembled by the dispersal process, our results suggested that the stochastic factors played important roles in driving the seasonal variation of fungal community. The dispersal limitation dominated the fungal community assembly during the WF stage when homogenizing dispersal was the main assembly process of the fungal community in the SG stage. Thus, we proposed that the dispersal processes are important drivers for seasonal variation of fungal community in tobacco planted soil.

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