scholarly journals Physical and mental health comorbidities of epilepsy: Population-based cross-sectional analysis of 1.5 million people in Scotland

Seizure ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Weatherburn ◽  
Craig A. Heath ◽  
Stewart W. Mercer ◽  
Bruce Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Health Comorbidities

scholarly journals Health quality of retired Royal New Zealand Navy personnel: A cross-sectional analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
King Doug ◽  
Hume Patria A ◽  
Clark Trevor N ◽  
Gissane Conor
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Purpose: To characterise the current health quality of retired Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) personnel. Methods: A Cross-sectional analysis of self-reported survey data was conducted. A total of 300 retired RNZN personnel completed a Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) survey on-line using the SF-36v2 to assess physical and mental health domains. The Physical Component Summary [PCS] combined Physical Function (PF), Role Physical (RP), Bodily Pain (BP) and General Health (GH) subscales. The Mental Component Summary [MCS] combined Vitality (VT), Social Functioning (SF), Role Emotional (RE) and Mental Health (MH) subscales. Analysis by age, gender, ethnicity, and rank were conducted for the subscale results. Comparisons of the RNZN cohort with the 1998 US National and New Zealand 2006-2007 health surveys were made. Results: New Zealand Europeans (NZE) recorded a higher mean RP and PCS than New Zealand Māori (NZM) (RP: 66.9 vs. 54.9; t(46)=-2.2; p=0.0294; d=0.50; PCS: 68.9 vs. 65.7; t(46)=-2.3; p=0.0267; d=0.47). Senior Rates recorded a higher MH (69.5 vs. 66.2; t(19)=-1.1; p=0.0568; d=0.35) but a lower PCS (65.0 vs. 65.6; t(19)=0.6;p=0.0681 d=0.07) and MCS (59.2 vs. 59.4; t(19)=-1.4; p=0.0865; d=0.46) than Officers. Compared with the New Zealand 2006-2007 health survey, the retired RNZN cohort had a lower RP (58.0 vs. 85.7; d=1.14), BP (42.6 vs. 75.3; d=1.51), SF (59.8 vs. 88.4; d=1.85) and MH (68.5 vs. 82.3; d=1.28). Conclusion: The lower HRQOL subscales results (especially BP) for retired RNZN personnel compared to the general population and other service personnel indicates a need for more research to understand the potential reasons for these findings. The effects of the lifestyle and training requirements combined with the entry selection of healthy people into the navy may have impacted on the results reported in this survey.

scholarly journals The association between serum alanine aminotransferase and hypertension: A national based cross-sectional analysis among over 21 million Chinese adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajing Jia ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Fangchao Liu ◽  
Minjin Zhang ◽  
Qin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background Inconsistent results were found in the association between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hypertension among population-based studies. This study evaluated the association between ALT and hypertension among Chinese reproductive-age population by utilizing registration data from National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkups Project in 2016–2017. Methods The 21,103,790 registered participants were eligible for analysis, including women who were 20–49 years old and men who were 20–59 years old with available data for ALT and blood pressure (BP). Logistic regression was conducted to estimate odds ratio (OR) for the association between ALT and hypertension as a binary outcome. Linear regression was used to examine the association between ALT and BP as a continuous outcome. Results In total, 4.21% of the participants were hypertensive, and 11.67% had elevated ALT (> 40 U/L). Hypertension prevalence was 3.63% and 8.56% among participants with normal and elevated ALT levels. A strong linear relationship was found between serum ALT levels and the odds of hypertension after adjustment for potential confounders. The multivariable-adjusted ORs for hypertension were 1, 1.22 (1.21, 1.22), 1.67 (1.65 1.68), 1.78 (1.76, 1.80), and 1.92 (1.90, 1.94) in participants with ALT levels of ≤ 20, 20.01–40, 40.01–60, 60.01–80, and > 80 U/L, respectively. Systolic and diastolic BPs rose by 1.83 and 1.20 mmHg on average, for each 20 U/L increase in ALT (P for trend < 0.001). The association was consistent among subgroups and tended to be stronger among populations who are overweight (body mass index ≥ 24 kg/m2) (χ2 = 52,228, P < 0.001), alcohol drinking (χ2 = 100,730, P < 0.001) and cigarette smoking (χ2 = 105,347, P < 0.001). Conclusions Our cross-sectional analysis suggested a linear association between serum ALT and hypertension or BP, which indicated that abnormal liver metabolism marked by elevated serum ALT could play a role in hypertension or elevated BP condition.

scholarly journals Association between food insecurity and access to a mental health professional: cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007–2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Camille Burruss ◽  
Marina Girgis ◽  
Karen Elizabeth Green ◽  
Lingyi Lu ◽  
Deepak Palakshappa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Mental Health Professional ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background To determine if individuals with food insecurity (FI) were less likely to have seen a mental health professional (MHP) within the past year than individuals without FI. Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in the United States between 2007 and 2014. All participants 20 years of age or older were eligible for this study. We excluded participants who were pregnant, missing FI data, or missing data from the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The primary outcome was self-reported contact with a MHP in the past 12 months. We used multivariable logistic regression models to test the association between FI and contact with a MHP, controlling for all demographic and clinical covariates. Results Of the 19,789 participants, 13.9% were food insecure and 8.1% had major depressive disorder (MDD). In bivariate analysis, participants with FI were significantly more likely to have MDD (5.3% vs 2.8%, p < 0.0001) and to have been seen by a MHP in the preceding 12 months (14.0% vs 6.9%, p < 0.0001). In multivariable models, adults with FI had higher odds of having seen a MHP (OR = 1.32, CI: 1.07, 1.64). Conclusions This study demonstrates that individuals with FI were significantly more likely to have seen a MHP in the preceding 12 months compared to individuals without FI. Given the growing interest in addressing unmet social needs in healthcare settings, this data suggests that visits with MHPs may be a valuable opportunity to screen for and intervene on FI.

Non-pharmacological management of adult asthma in Australia: cross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Tan ◽  
John A. Burgess ◽  
Jennifer L. Perret ◽  
Dinh S. Bui ◽  
Michael J. Abramson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Adult Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals Comorbidities in adults with asthma: Population-based cross-sectional analysis of 1.4 million adults in Scotland

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1246-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Weatherburn ◽  
B. Guthrie ◽  
S. W. Mercer ◽  
D. R. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals Eleven-year multimorbidity burden among 637 255 people with and without type 2 diabetes: a population-based study using primary care and linked hospitalisation data

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e033866
Author(s):  
Salwa S Zghebi ◽  
Douglas T Steinke ◽  
Martin K Rutter ◽  
Darren M Ashcroft
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Clinical Practice Research Datalink ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Health Comorbidities

ObjectivesTo compare the patterns of 18 physical and mental health comorbidities between people with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) and people without diabetes and how these change by age, gender and deprivation over time between 2004 and 2014. Also, to develop a metric to identify most prevalent comorbidities in people with T2D.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingPrimary and secondary care, England, UK.Participants108 588 people with T2D and 528 667 comparators registered in 391 English general practices. Each patient with T2D aged ≥16 years between January 2004 and December 2014 registered in Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD practices was matched to up to five comparators without diabetes on age, gender and general practice.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of 18 physical and mental health comorbidities in people with T2D and comparators categorised by age, gender and deprivation. Odds for association between T2D diagnosis and comorbidities versus comparators. A metric for comorbidities with prevalence of ≥5% and/or odds ≥2 in patients with T2D.ResultsOverall, 77% of patients with T2D had ≥1 comorbidity and all comorbidities were more prevalent in patients with T2D than in comparators. Across both groups, prevalence rates were higher in older people, women and those most socially deprived. Conditional logistic regression models fitted to estimate (OR, 95% CI) for association between T2D diagnosis and comorbidities showed that T2D diagnosis was significantly associated with higher odds for all conditions including myocardial infarction (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.85 to 2.46); heart failure (OR 2.12, 1.84 to 2.43); depression (OR 1.75, 1.62 to 1.89), but non-significant for cancer (OR 1.12, 0.98 to 1.28). In addition to cardiovascular disease, the metric identified osteoarthritis, hypothyroidism, anxiety, schizophrenia and respiratory conditions as highly prevalent comorbidities in people with T2D.ConclusionsT2D diagnosis is associated with higher likelihood of experiencing other physical and mental illnesses. People with T2D are twice as likely to have cardiovascular disease as the general population. The findings highlight highly prevalent and under-reported comorbidities in people with T2D. These findings can inform future research and clinical guidelines and can have important implications on healthcare resource allocation and highlight the need for more holistic clinical care for people with recently diagnosed T2D.

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