Drought Monitoring in Tobacco Plants by in-vivo Electrochemical Biosensor

2022 ◽  
pp. 131357
Author(s):  
Dayananda Desagani ◽  
Aakash Jog ◽  
Orian Teig-Sussholz ◽  
Adi Avni ◽  
Yosi Shacham-Diamand
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Biosensor ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
Tobacco Plants

scholarly journals Topical Application of Double-Stranded RNA Targeting 2b and CP Genes of Cucumber mosaic virus Protects Plants against Local and Systemic Viral Infection

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Maria C. Holeva ◽  
Athanasios Sklavounos ◽  
Rajendran Rajeswaran ◽  
Mikhail M. Pooggin ◽  
Andreas E. Voloudakis
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Double Stranded Rna

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a destructive plant virus with worldwide distribution and the broadest host range of any known plant virus, as well as a model plant virus for understanding plant–virus interactions. Since the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) as a major antiviral defense, RNAi-based technologies have been developed for plant protection against viral diseases. In plants and animals, a key trigger of RNAi is double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) processed by Dicer and Dicer-like (DCL) family proteins in small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). In the present study, dsRNAs for coat protein (CP) and 2b genes of CMV were produced in vitro and in vivo and applied onto tobacco plants representing a systemic solanaceous host as well as on a local host plant Chenopodium quinoa. Both dsRNA treatments protected plants from local and systemic infection with CMV, but not against infection with unrelated viruses, confirming sequence specificity of antiviral RNAi. Antiviral RNAi was effective when dsRNAs were applied simultaneously with or four days prior to CMV inoculation, but not four days post inoculation. In vivo-produced dsRNAs were more effective than the in vitro-produced; in treatments with in vivo dsRNAs, dsRNA-CP was more effective than dsRNA-2b, while the effects were opposite with in vitro dsRNAs. Illumina sequencing of small RNAs from in vivo dsRNA-CP treated and non-treated tobacco plants revealed that interference with CMV infection in systemic leaves coincides with strongly reduced accumulation of virus-derived 21- and 22-nucleotide (nt) siRNAs, likely generated by tobacco DCL4 and DCL2, respectively. While the 21-nt class of viral siRNAs was predominant in non-treated plants, 21-nt and 22-nt classes accumulated at almost equal (but low) levels in dsRNA treated plants, suggesting that dsRNA treatment may boost DCL2 activity. Taken together, our findings confirm the efficacy of topical application of dsRNA for plant protection against viruses and shed more light on the mechanism of antiviral RNAi.

scholarly journals Application of green synthesized WO3-poly glutamic acid nanobiocomposite for early stage biosensing of breast cancer using electrochemical approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Nasrollahpour ◽  
Abdolhossein Naseri ◽  
Mohammad-Reza Rashidi ◽  
Balal Khalilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Electrochemical Approach ◽  
Her 2

AbstractBiopolymer films have drawn growing demand for their application in the point of care domain owing to their biocompatibility, eco-friendly, and eligibility for in vivo analyses. However, their poor conductivity restricts their sensitivity in diagnostics. For high-quality electrochemical biosensor monitoring, two vital factors to be greatly paid attention are the effective merge of amplification modifiers with transducing surface and the superior linking across the recognition interface. Here, we introduce an enzyme-free electrochemical biosensor based on electrosynthesized biocompatible WO3/poly glutamic acid nano-biocomposites to address the hardships specific to the analysis of circulating proteins clinical samples. In addition to its green synthesis route, the poor tendency of both components of the prepared nano-biocomposite to amine groups makes it excellent working in untreated biological samples with high contents of proteins. Several electrochemical and morphological investigations (SEM, EDX, and dot mapping) were fulfilled to gain a reliable and trustful standpoint of the framework. By using this nanobiosensor, the concentration of HER-2 was detectable as low as 1 fg mL−1 with a wide linear response between 1 ng mL−1 and 1 fg mL−1. Meanwhile, the protocol depicted ideal specificity, stability, and reproducibility for the detection of HER-2 protein in untreated serum samples of breast cancer patients.

Online electrochemical systems for continuous neurochemical measurements with low-potential mediator-based electrochemical biosensors as selective detectors

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (15) ◽  
pp. 5039-5047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zipin Zhang ◽  
Jie Hao ◽  
Tongfang Xiao ◽  
Ping Yu ◽  
Lanqun Mao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensor ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Electrochemical Systems ◽  
Potential Mediator ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Selective Detectors ◽  
Electron Mediators

This study demonstrates a new strategy to develop online electrochemical systems (OECSs) for continuously monitoring neurochemicals by efficiently integrating in vivo microdialysis with an oxidase-based electrochemical biosensor with low-potential electron mediators to shuttle the electron transfer of the oxidases.

scholarly journals Analysis of MeEf1A6 Gene Promoter Activity with In-vitro and In-vivo using Transient and Stable Expression Techniques in Tobacco Plant (Nicotiana tabacum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Galih Gibral Andalusia ◽  
Sony Suhandono ◽  
Ima Mulyama Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Tobacco Plant ◽  
Stable Transformation ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Gus Assay ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Histochemical Gus Assay

The promoter is a part of the gene that functions in carrying out the gene expression, and its work activity becomes a matter of concern to ensure that expression works effectively. MeEF1A6 (Manihot esculenta Elongation Factor 1 Alfa - 6) is a promoter derived from cassava plants (Manihot esculenta). In previous studies, the MeEF1A6 promoter was successfully isolated, introduced, and characterized into the pBI121 plasmid, replacing the CaMV35S promoter. This study aims to analyze the activity of MeEF1A6 promoters in-vivo and in-vitro by using transient and transgenic techniques in tobacco plants. The pBI121 plasmid containing the MeEF1A6 promoter was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL1 and LBA4404. The promoter's work was then analyzed by the result of introducing it into the tobacco plant using the transient and stable transformation. The whole part of explants was used for transient study and tested in a minimum of two biological replicates. Sixty sheets of explant leaves that have been cut were used for stable transformation. The promoter work analysis was carried out with the GUS gene expression that integrated with the promoter with histochemical GUS assay. The transient produced a blue color in the roots, stems, and leaves on the whole repetition. The transverse incision in the stem shows the blue color on the epidermis and procambium tissue. Stable transformation using AGL1 as vector produced 43 shoots from 40 calli. A total of 43 shoots were selected with antibiotics and produced 27 plantlets that were successfully grown. Some plantlets are then reacted with x-gluc as histochemical GUS assay substrat and produced a blue color in the explants, indicating that the MeEF1A6 promoter has been successfully introduced. The results indicate that the MeEF1A6 promoter could work on plant tissue in roots, stems, leaves, and tissues that connect meristems such as procambium in tobacco plants. This reinforces the suspicion that the MeEF1A6 promoter performs work constitutionally as a constitutive promoter.   

Therapy of Virus-Infected Plants by Heat Treatment I. Some Properties of Tomato Aspermy Virus and Its Inactivation at 36°C

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR Johnstone ◽  
GC Wade
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Tomato Aspermy Virus ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Enzyme Class

An isolate of tomato aspermy virus (TAV) was inactivated both in vivo and in vitro at 36°C. Inactivation took the form of a second or higher order reaction, which indicated that loss of infectivity was not due solely to a direct effect of high temperature on the virus. The concentration of polyphenoloxidases increased greatly in tobacco plants grown at 36°C, and evidence was obtained to indicate that this enzyme class, either directly or indirectly, enhanced the inactivation of TAV during heat treatment. The concentration of ribonucleases also increased in heat-treated tissues and these may have aided the inactivation, as the infectivity of TAV was shown to be destroyed by RNase in tests in vitro. The pH and ionic strength of the sap decreased in heated plants and these changes may have been significant as TAV had critical requirements of buffer pH and molarity for optimum infectivity. The alterations in cellular metabolism responsible for these changes result from heat-induced stress. Therefore, the optimum temperature for therapy of many viruses by heat treatment is likely to vary with the host in which it is treated, depending upon the host's heat tolerance.

A simple functional carbon nanotube fiber for in vivo monitoring of NO in a rat brain following cerebral ischemia

The Analyst ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
pp. 1452-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Limin Zhang ◽  
Zhihui Dai ◽  
Yang Tian
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensor ◽  
In Vivo Monitoring ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Fiber

A simple ratiometric electrochemical biosensor for NO monitoring in rat brain following cerebral ischemia was developed based on a carbon nanotube fiber modified with hemin.

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