Intimate partner violence, modern contraceptive use and conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Background: Modern contraceptives (MC) are important strategies for reducing unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion and maternal mortality, but MC remains low at 18% in Nigeria. Similarly, while there is increasing prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Nigeria, its effects on contraceptive use remain unclear. This study examined the influence of IPV on MC use, while adjusting for individual- and community-level confounders. Methods: The study utilized 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data. We performed multilevel binary logistic regression analysis on 24,973 married women aged 15-49, who were sexually active and were not pregnant at the time of the survey. Results: Findings show that use of MC was higher among married women who reported experience of IPV than those without IPV exposure. After adjusting for individual-level and contextual factors, the odds of using MC was significantly higher among women who experienced any form of IPV (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.17-2.21, p<0.005) compared to those who reported no IPV experience. Around one-quarter of the total variance in contraceptive use with respect to the different types of IPV could be explained at the community level. Conclusion: The study provides empirical evidence that there is signiﬁcant community effect on IPV exposure and women’s contraceptive uptake. Attention must therefore be given to the context-specific social and gender norms that affect women’s sexual and reproductive health in Nigeria.

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Community-level influences on women’s experience of intimate partner violence and modern contraceptive use in Nigeria: a multilevel analysis of nationally representative survey

AAS Open Research ◽

10.12688/aasopenres.13247.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Sunday A. Adedini ◽

Ololade Grace Adewole ◽

Funmilola F. Oyinlola ◽

Olufunke Fayehun

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Married Women ◽

Community Level ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Individual Level

Background: Modern contraceptives (MC) are important strategies for reducing unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion and maternal mortality, but MC remains low at 18% in Nigeria. Similarly, while there is increasing prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Nigeria, its effects on contraceptive use remain unclear. This study examined the influence of IPV on MC use, while adjusting for individual- and community-level confounders. Methods : The study utilized 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data. We performed multilevel binary logistic regression analysis on 24,973 married women aged 15-49 49 (nested within 1,400 communities), who were sexually active and were not pregnant at the time of the survey. Results : Findings show that use of MC was higher among married women who reported experience of IPV than those without IPV exposure. After adjusting for individual-level and contextual factors, the odds of using MC was significantly higher among women who experienced any form of IPV (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.17-2.21, p<0.005) compared to those who reported no IPV experience. Around one-quarter of the total variance in contraceptive use with respect to the different types of IPV could be explained at the community level. Conclusion : The study provides empirical evidence that there is signiﬁcant community effect on IPV exposure and women’s contraceptive uptake. Attention must therefore be given to the context-specific social and gender norms that affect women’s sexual and reproductive health in Nigeria.

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Intimate Partner Violence and its Association With Contraceptive Use Among Women in Pakistan

Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research ◽

10.33824/pjpr.2019.34.1.9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽

pp. 157-173

Author(s):

Kashif Siddique ◽

Rubeena Zakar ◽

Ra’ana Malik ◽

Naveeda Farhat ◽

Farah Deeba

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Married Women ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Odds Ratios

The aim of this study is to find the association between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and contraceptive use among married women in Pakistan. The analysis was conducted by using cross sectional secondary data from every married women of reproductive age 15-49 years who responded to domestic violence module (N = 3687) of the 2012-13 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey. The association between contraceptive use (outcome variable) and IPV was measured by calculating unadjusted odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using simple binary logistic regression and multivariable binary logistic regression. The result showed that out of 3687 women, majority of women 2126 (57.7%) were using contraceptive in their marital relationship. Among total, 1154 (31.3%) women experienced emotional IPV, 1045 (28.3%) women experienced physical IPV and 1402 (38%) women experienced both physical and emotional IPV together respectively. All types of IPV was significantly associated with contraceptive use and women who reported emotional IPV (AOR 1.44; 95% CI 1.23, 1.67), physical IPV (AOR 1.41; 95% CI 1.20, 1.65) and both emotional and physical IPV together (AOR 1.49; 95% CI 1.24, 1.72) were more likely to use contraceptives respectively. The study revealed that women who were living in violent relationship were more likely to use contraceptive in Pakistan. Still there is a need for women reproductive health services and government should take initiatives to promote family planning services, awareness and access to contraceptive method options for women to reduce unintended or mistimed pregnancies that occurred in violent relationships.

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Associations between intimate partner violence and married women’s condom and other contraceptive use in rural India

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh17090 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 381 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anindita Dasgupta ◽

Niranjan Saggurti ◽

Mohan Ghule ◽

Elizabeth Reed ◽

Balaiah Donta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Condom Use ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Intrauterine Device ◽

Married Couples ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

The Past ◽

Contraception Use

Background The existing literature on the intersection between women’s reports of spousal intimate partner violence (IPV) and contraceptive use in South Asia is conflicted. Results vary based on method of contraception use and form of violence (physical or sexual), and few examine the relationship between IPV and various methods of modern spacing contraceptive (MSC) use. This study examines associations between IPV and MSC use among a sample of married, not-currently pregnant couples in rural Maharashtra, India (n = 861). Methods: Multinomial logistic regression models assessed wives’ physical and sexual IPV victimisation (for the past 6-months) in relation to the wives’ past 3-month MSC use (categorised as condom use, other MSCs [oral pills, Intrauterine device (IUD)] and no MSCs). Results: In terms of violence, 9% (n = 78) and 4% (n = 34) of wives reported recent physical and sexual IPV victimisation, respectively. The majority (72%; n = 621) did not use any MSC method in the past 3 months; 14% (n = 119) reported recent condom use, and the same proportion reported other MSC use. Recent physical IPV was associated with increased likelihood of recent condom use (AOR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.20, 5.04), and recent sexual IPV was associated with increased likelihood of recent use of other MSC (AOR: 3.27, 95% CI: 1.24, 8.56). Conclusions: These findings reinforce the need for integration of counselling around IPV prevention and intervention programming into existing family planning services targeting married couples in rural Maharashtra, India.

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