Intimate Partner Violence, Women Autonomy And Modern Contraceptive Use In Nigeria: Evidence From 2008 And 2013 National Demographic Health Survey

Violence against women is a serious human rights abuse and public health issue in India. The Intimate Partner violence (IPV) cases among Indian couples are very high. This article aims to find the determinant of Intimate Partner Violence in India. The data are drawn from the fourth round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-IV). According to Demographic Health Survey guidelines, IPV is measured using 13-item questions in women questionnaire. This section is analysed to fulfil the objective of the study. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression is used to find out the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio. The analysis is carried out using STATA version 14. The prevalence of IPV, emotional violence (EV), physical violence (PV) and sexual violence (SV) is 33.15, 13.23, 29.68 and 6.60 respectively. The likelihood of IPV increases with the increase in marital duration. All kind of violence is less likely to occur in rural areas (IPV: AOR=0.86, p<0.01; EV: AOR=0.81, p<0.01; PV: AOR=0.85, p<0.01; & SV: AOR=0.92, p=0.09). Hindu women are more likely to face all kind of violence than women in other religion. Alcohol consumption is one of the predominant factors for IPV in India (AOR=3.08, CI=2.96-3.21, p<0.01). From this study, we find that marital duration, the age difference of spouses, number of children, place of residence, caste, religion, and education of couple, alcohol consumption and wealth index are some of the important predictors of IPV in India.

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Intimate partner violence (physical and sexual) and sexually transmitted infection: results from Nepal Demographic Health Survey 2011

International Journal of Women s Health ◽

10.2147/ijwh.s54609 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 75 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Liladhar Dhakal ◽

Arja R. Aro ◽

Gabriele Berg-Beckhoff

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Health Survey ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Demographic Health Survey ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Sexually Transmitted

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Perception of Beninese on intimate partner violence: evidence from 2011-2012 Benin demographic health survey

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-018-0633-x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alphonse Kpozehouen ◽

Noël Moussiliou Paraïso ◽

Yolaine Glèlè Ahanhanzo ◽

Elvyre Klikpo ◽

Charles Sossa Jérôme ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Health Survey ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Demographic Health Survey

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Community-level influences on women’s experience of intimate partner violence and modern contraceptive use in Nigeria: a multilevel analysis of nationally representative survey

AAS Open Research ◽

10.12688/aasopenres.13247.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Sunday A. Adedini ◽

Grace Ololade Adewole ◽

Funmilola F. Oyinlola ◽

Olufunke Fayehun

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Married Women ◽

Community Level ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Individual Level

Background: Modern contraceptives (MC) are important strategies for reducing unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion and maternal mortality, but MC remains low at 18% in Nigeria. Similarly, while there is increasing prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Nigeria, its effects on contraceptive use remain unclear. This study examined the influence of IPV on MC use, while adjusting for individual- and community-level confounders. Methods: The study utilized 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data. We performed multilevel binary logistic regression analysis on 24,973 married women aged 15-49, who were sexually active and were not pregnant at the time of the survey. Results: Findings show that use of MC was higher among married women who reported experience of IPV than those without IPV exposure. After adjusting for individual-level and contextual factors, the odds of using MC was significantly higher among women who experienced any form of IPV (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.17-2.21, p<0.005) compared to those who reported no IPV experience. Around one-quarter of the total variance in contraceptive use with respect to the different types of IPV could be explained at the community level. Conclusion: The study provides empirical evidence that there is signiﬁcant community effect on IPV exposure and women’s contraceptive uptake. Attention must therefore be given to the context-specific social and gender norms that affect women’s sexual and reproductive health in Nigeria.

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Community-level influences on women’s experience of intimate partner violence and modern contraceptive use in Nigeria: a multilevel analysis of nationally representative survey

AAS Open Research ◽

10.12688/aasopenres.13247.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Sunday A. Adedini ◽

Ololade Grace Adewole ◽

Funmilola F. Oyinlola ◽

Olufunke Fayehun

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Married Women ◽

Community Level ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Individual Level

Background: Modern contraceptives (MC) are important strategies for reducing unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion and maternal mortality, but MC remains low at 18% in Nigeria. Similarly, while there is increasing prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Nigeria, its effects on contraceptive use remain unclear. This study examined the influence of IPV on MC use, while adjusting for individual- and community-level confounders. Methods : The study utilized 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data. We performed multilevel binary logistic regression analysis on 24,973 married women aged 15-49 49 (nested within 1,400 communities), who were sexually active and were not pregnant at the time of the survey. Results : Findings show that use of MC was higher among married women who reported experience of IPV than those without IPV exposure. After adjusting for individual-level and contextual factors, the odds of using MC was significantly higher among women who experienced any form of IPV (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.17-2.21, p<0.005) compared to those who reported no IPV experience. Around one-quarter of the total variance in contraceptive use with respect to the different types of IPV could be explained at the community level. Conclusion : The study provides empirical evidence that there is signiﬁcant community effect on IPV exposure and women’s contraceptive uptake. Attention must therefore be given to the context-specific social and gender norms that affect women’s sexual and reproductive health in Nigeria.

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Intimate Partner Violence and its Association With Contraceptive Use Among Women in Pakistan

Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research ◽

10.33824/pjpr.2019.34.1.9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽

pp. 157-173

Author(s):

Kashif Siddique ◽

Rubeena Zakar ◽

Ra’ana Malik ◽

Naveeda Farhat ◽

Farah Deeba

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Married Women ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Odds Ratios

The aim of this study is to find the association between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and contraceptive use among married women in Pakistan. The analysis was conducted by using cross sectional secondary data from every married women of reproductive age 15-49 years who responded to domestic violence module (N = 3687) of the 2012-13 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey. The association between contraceptive use (outcome variable) and IPV was measured by calculating unadjusted odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using simple binary logistic regression and multivariable binary logistic regression. The result showed that out of 3687 women, majority of women 2126 (57.7%) were using contraceptive in their marital relationship. Among total, 1154 (31.3%) women experienced emotional IPV, 1045 (28.3%) women experienced physical IPV and 1402 (38%) women experienced both physical and emotional IPV together respectively. All types of IPV was significantly associated with contraceptive use and women who reported emotional IPV (AOR 1.44; 95% CI 1.23, 1.67), physical IPV (AOR 1.41; 95% CI 1.20, 1.65) and both emotional and physical IPV together (AOR 1.49; 95% CI 1.24, 1.72) were more likely to use contraceptives respectively. The study revealed that women who were living in violent relationship were more likely to use contraceptive in Pakistan. Still there is a need for women reproductive health services and government should take initiatives to promote family planning services, awareness and access to contraceptive method options for women to reduce unintended or mistimed pregnancies that occurred in violent relationships.

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Individual and community-level risk factors of women’s acceptance of intimate partner violence in Ethiopia: multilevel analysis of 2011 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01427-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emiru Merdassa Atomssa ◽

Araya Abrha Medhanyie ◽

Girmatsion Fisseha

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Health Survey ◽

Women's Education ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Community Level ◽

State Region ◽

The Individual

Abstract Background The prevalence of Intimate partner violence (IPV) is higher in societies with higher acceptance of norms that support IPV. In Ethiopia, the proportion of women’s acceptance of IPV was 69%, posing a central challenge in preventing IPV. The main objective of this study was to assess the individual and community-level factors associated with women’s acceptance of IPV. Methods Two-level mixed-effects logistic regression was applied to the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data. A total of 16,366 women nested in the 596 clusters were included in the analysis. Results The acceptability of the IPV was estimated to be 69%. Among the individual-level factors: women’s education with secondary and above (AOR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.29–0.52), partner’s education secondary and above (AOR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.54–0.82), women aged 35–49 years (AOR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.54–0.82), fully empowered in household level decision making (AOR = 0.67; 95% CI0.54–0.81), literate (AOR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.62–0.92), and perceived existence of law that prevents IPV (AOR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.50–0.63) were significantly associated with women’s acceptance of IPV. Similarly, rural residence (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI 1.53–2.43) and living in the State region (AOR = 2.37; 95% CI 1.81–3.10) were significantly associated with the women’s acceptance of IPV among the community-level factors. Conclusion Both individual and community-level factors were significant risk factors for the acceptability of intimate partner violence. Women's education, women's age, women’s empowerment, partner education level, perceived existence of the law, and literacy were among individual factors. State region and residence were among community-level risk factors significantly associated women’s acceptance of IPV.

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Associations between intimate partner violence and married women’s condom and other contraceptive use in rural India

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh17090 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 381 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anindita Dasgupta ◽

Niranjan Saggurti ◽

Mohan Ghule ◽

Elizabeth Reed ◽

Balaiah Donta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Condom Use ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Intrauterine Device ◽

Married Couples ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

The Past ◽

Contraception Use

Background The existing literature on the intersection between women’s reports of spousal intimate partner violence (IPV) and contraceptive use in South Asia is conflicted. Results vary based on method of contraception use and form of violence (physical or sexual), and few examine the relationship between IPV and various methods of modern spacing contraceptive (MSC) use. This study examines associations between IPV and MSC use among a sample of married, not-currently pregnant couples in rural Maharashtra, India (n = 861). Methods: Multinomial logistic regression models assessed wives’ physical and sexual IPV victimisation (for the past 6-months) in relation to the wives’ past 3-month MSC use (categorised as condom use, other MSCs [oral pills, Intrauterine device (IUD)] and no MSCs). Results: In terms of violence, 9% (n = 78) and 4% (n = 34) of wives reported recent physical and sexual IPV victimisation, respectively. The majority (72%; n = 621) did not use any MSC method in the past 3 months; 14% (n = 119) reported recent condom use, and the same proportion reported other MSC use. Recent physical IPV was associated with increased likelihood of recent condom use (AOR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.20, 5.04), and recent sexual IPV was associated with increased likelihood of recent use of other MSC (AOR: 3.27, 95% CI: 1.24, 8.56). Conclusions: These findings reinforce the need for integration of counselling around IPV prevention and intervention programming into existing family planning services targeting married couples in rural Maharashtra, India.

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