scholarly journals Physical work conditions and disparities in later life functioning: Potential pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 100990
Author(s):  
Theresa Andrasfay ◽  
Nina Raymo ◽  
Noreen Goldman ◽  
Anne R. Pebley
Keyword(s):  
Later Life ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Life Functioning

Childhood Disadvantage, Psychosocial Resiliency, and Later Life Functioning: Linking Early-Life Circumstances to Recovery From Mobility Limitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenzie Latham-Mintus ◽  
Katelyn M. Aman
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Mobility Limitation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Childhood Conditions ◽  
Life Functioning ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Childhood Disadvantage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chronic Childhood

Objective: There is limited knowledge about whether childhood disadvantage, defined as economic and health disadvantage, influences recovery from functional impairment. Method: Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (2008-2010), this research explores whether childhood disadvantage shapes recovery from mobility limitation. In addition, this research examines whether measures of psychosocial resiliency such as mastery, optimism, and religiosity moderate the relationship between childhood disadvantage and recovery. Results: Childhood disadvantage appeared to shape recovery from mobility limitation in later life. Greater number of chronic childhood conditions and low maternal education decreased the odds of recovery. Mastery was a robust predictor of recovery and also a moderator of childhood disadvantage (i.e., moving for financial reasons) and recovery. Discussion: Findings suggest that mastery may be able to diminish the negative effects of financial hardship in childhood on recovery outcomes in later life.

scholarly journals IGEMS: The Consortium on Interplay of Genes and Environment Across Multiple Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Pedersen ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Anna K. Dahl ◽  
Deborah Finkel ◽  
Carol E. Franz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Genes And Environment ◽  
Life Functioning ◽  
Combined Data

The Interplay of Genes and Environment across Multiple Studies (IGEMS) group is a consortium of eight longitudinal twin studies established to explore the nature of social context effects and gene-environment interplay in late-life functioning. The resulting analysis of the combined data from over 17,500 participants aged 25–102 at baseline (including nearly 2,600 monogygotic and 4,300 dizygotic twin pairs and over 1,700 family members) aims to understand why early life adversity, and social factors such as isolation and loneliness, are associated with diverse outcomes including mortality, physical functioning (health, functional ability), and psychological functioning (well-being, cognition), particularly in later life.

scholarly journals Child Labor and Musculoskeletal Disorders: The Pelotas (Brazil) Epidemiological Survey

2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaclaudia Gastal Fassa ◽  
Luiz Augusto Facchini ◽  
Marinel Mór Dall'Agnol ◽  
David C. Christiani
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Awkward Posture

Objectives. This article describes the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in several anatomic sites in children and teens, and investigates, while adjusting for potential confounders, the association between musculoskeletal pain and back pain and the following: age, gender, sports practice, use of computer/video games/television, school attendance, intensity of involvement in household domestic activities, care of other children, care of sick/elderly family members, work activities, and workloads. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study interviewing 3,269 children aged 10–17 years in the low-income areas of Pelotas, Brazil. Results. The prevalence of pain in the neck, knee, wrist or hands, and upper back exceeded 15%. Workers in manufacturing had a significantly increased risk for musculoskeletal pain (prevalence ratio [PR]=1.31) and for back pain (PR=1.69), while workers in domestic service had 17% more musculoskeletal pain and 23% more back pain than nonworkers. Awkward posture (PR=1.15) and heavy physical work (PR=1.07) were associated with musculoskeletal pain, while monotonous work (PR=1.34), awkward posture (PR=1.31), and noise (PR=1.25) were associated with back pain. Conclusions. Musculoskeletal pain is common among working children and teens. Knowledge of occupational risk factors can support actions to restructure work conditions to reduce or eliminate childhood exposure to hazardous conditions. Our results suggest that strategies to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in child workers should be developed.

scholarly journals Interaction Effects of Physical and Psychosocial Working Conditions on Risk for Sickness Absence: A Prospective Study of Nurses and Care Assistants in Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7427
Author(s):  
Magnus Helgesson ◽  
Staffan Marklund ◽  
Klas Gustafsson ◽  
Gunnar Aronsson ◽  
Constanze Leineweber
Keyword(s):  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Work Arrangements ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Heavy Physical Work ◽  
A Prospective Study

Employees in health and social care are often simultaneously exposed to both physical and psychosocial challenges that may increase their risk for sickness absence. The study examines interaction effects of physical and psychosocial work conditions on the future risk for sickness absence among nurses and care assistants in Sweden. The study was based on 14,372 participants in any of the Swedish Work Environment Surveys conducted during the years 1993–2013 with linked register information on background factors and compensated sickness absence. Adjusted hazard ratio (HR), stratified by occupation, and measures of additive interaction effects were estimated. The combinations of high psychosocial job demands and heavy physical work and strenuous postures, respectively, significantly increased the risks for sickness absence among nurses (HR 1.43; CI 1.09–1.88 and HR 1.42; CI 1.16–1.74, respectively), as well as among care assistants (HR 1.51; CI 1.36–1.67 and HR 1.49; CI 1.36–1.63, respectively). The combinations of low job control and both heavy physical work (HR 1.44; CI 1.30–1.60) and strenuous postures (HR 1.42; CI 1.30–1.56) were also associated with excess risk for sickness absence among care assistants. We also found interaction effects among care assistants but not among nurses. The results indicate that the high sickness absence rate among care workers in Sweden can be reduced if the simultaneous exposures of high psychosocial and high physical challenges are avoided. Management policies for reduced time pressure, improved lifting aids, and measures to avoid awkward work postures are recommended. For care assistants, increased influence over work arrangements is likely to lower their sickness absence risk.

Differences in the Association Between Psychosocial Work Conditions and Physical Work Load in Female- and Male-Dominated Occupations

AIHAJ ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Josephson ◽  
Gunilla Pernold ◽  
Gunnel Ahlberg-Hultén ◽  
Annika Härenstam ◽  
Töres Theorell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Load ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Physical Work Load ◽  
Male Dominated

Differences in the Association Between Psychosocial Work Conditions and Physical Work Load in Female- and Male-Dominated Occupations

AIHAJ ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Josephson ◽  
Gunilla Pernold ◽  
Gunnel Ahlberg-Hultén ◽  
Annika Härenstam ◽  
Töres Theorell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Load ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Physical Work Load ◽  
Male Dominated

scholarly journals Risk factors of long-term sickness absence in Norway and Sweden

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vegard Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
And Gender

Aims: This paper examines the level of long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in Norway and Sweden. It also investigates whether risk factors of LTSA are the same in Norway and Sweden. Methods: More than 2500 Norwegian and Swedish workers between 20 and 60 years of age answered a postal questionnaire. The Norwegian and Swedish samples are weighted and representative with regard to regional background variables and demographic background variables, but the response rate was low. LTSA is defined as 15 days or more sickness absence in the previous year. Binary logistic regression is used to detect which factors influence LTSA. The analyses of LTSA include demographic factors, socio-economic position, and occupational characteristics. Results: Nineteen per cent of respondents in Norway and 11 per cent of respondents in Sweden experienced LTSA in the previous year. Many respondents from Sweden report mental problems and many Norwegian respondents report pain in back, neck, knuckles, and muscles. Income level is the most important predictor of LTSA in both countries. The direct impacts of gender, age, and physical work conditions are stronger in Norway than Sweden.Discussion: In accordance with official statistics and previous studies, the proportion of Norwegian respondents with LTSA is much higher than the proportion of Swedish respondents. The different levels of LTSA could be linked to differences in social policy. In line with previous studies, respondents with low income are overrepresented with LTSA, and gender, age, and physical work also matter. In contrast to previous studies, there is not any evidence of higher levels of LTSA among non-western immigrants, people with less education, and non-managers. These results reflect the control for ‘income level’, but they could also be related to limits with the survey (non-response, response bias, etc.).

scholarly journals Importance of Work-Related Psychosocial Factors in Exertion Perception Using the Borg Scale Among Workers Subjected to Heavy Physical Work

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Sala ◽  
Nicola Francesco Lopomo ◽  
Cesare Tomasi ◽  
Francesco Romagnoli ◽  
Alberto Morotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Borg Scale ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Study Results

Objective: This study aimed to analyse the role of several environmental and time variables, as well as individual and psychosocial factors, on the perception of exertion, expressed by using the Borg scale, on logistics workers performing heavy manual tasks.Materials and Methods: We enrolled 56 subjects working in logistics sector that were interviewed on the perceived exertion required to execute a task of manual lifting of heavy loads, by using the Borg scale. The interviews were carried out during different shifts, at different times during the shifts and during several different months of the year. We also assessed the workers' anthropometric characteristics, length of service, any musculoskeletal diseases, and physical activity outside work. Workers were also interviewed using the structured OREGE questionnaire, in order to evaluate the main symptoms of stress and work-related psychosocial risk factors.Results: Overall, the subjective perception of the strength exerted by the workers exposed to a high risk of manual handling of loads was moderate. The rating attributed using the Borg scale showed no correlation with any of the investigated variables. 100% of the workers denied to suffer from symptoms of stress, whereas in terms of psychosocial factors, the workload was globally perceived as positive.Conclusion: The study results support the hypothesis that optimal work conditions—from a psychosocial point of view—reduce the subjective perception of exertion by workers even if exposed to a high risk of biomechanical overload.

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