scholarly journals Occupational cognitive stimulation, socioeconomic status, and cognitive functioning in young adulthood

2022 ◽  
pp. 101024
Author(s):  
Rebecca C. Stebbins ◽  
Yang Claire Yang ◽  
Max Reason ◽  
Allison E. Aiello ◽  
Daniel W. Belsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation

scholarly journals Cognitive Functioning and Socioeconomic Status across the Early Life Course

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Reason ◽  
Yang Claire Yang ◽  
Allison Aiello ◽  
Daniel Belsky ◽  
Kathleen M. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Social Stimulation ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
Life Course Health ◽  
Nationally Representative

To date, analysis of the social determinants of cognitive health among younger adults is scant, especially in the US context. This study set out to test the extent to which established models of life-course health development are able to explain the reciprocal relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive functioning from childhood through young adulthood. To do this, we used data from a nationally representative sample followed prospectively from adolescence through young adulthood that included information on SES and cognitive functioning at multiple points across the early life course. Additionally, this study aimed to expand these models by directly testing the role of occupational mental and social stimulation in influencing young-adulthood cognitive functioning. We did this by using linked occupational data that specifically measured job-task mental and social stimulation. Ultimately, our findings indicate an interwoven relationship between life-course SES, occupational characteristics, and cognition functioning across adolescence and young adulthood.

scholarly journals The Role of Parent Educational Attainment in Parenting and Children’s Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Pamela E. Davis-Kean ◽  
Lauren A. Tighe ◽  
Nicholas E. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Educational Inequalities ◽  
Powerful Predictor

Socioeconomic status (SES)—indexed via parent educational attainment, parent occupation, and family income—is a powerful predictor of children’s developmental outcomes. Variations in these resources predict large academic disparities among children from different socioeconomic backgrounds that persist over the years of schooling, perpetuating educational inequalities across generations. In this article, we provide an overview of a model that has guided our approach to studying these influences, focusing particularly on parent educational attainment. Parents’ educational attainment typically drives their occupations and income and is often used interchangeably with SES in research. We posit that parent educational attainment provides a foundation that supports children’s academic success indirectly through parents’ beliefs about and expectations for their children, as well as through the cognitive stimulation that parents provide in and outside of the home environment. We then expand this model to consider the intergenerational contributions and dynamic transactions within families that are important considerations for informing potential avenues for intervention.

Self-Esteem and Socioeconomic Status: A Meta-Analytic Review

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Twenge ◽  
W. Keith Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Social Indicator ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
Over Time

Socioeconomic status (SES) has a small but significantrelationship with self-esteem (d = .15, r = .08) in a meta-analysis of 446 samples (total participant N = 312,940). Higher SES individuals report higher self-esteem. The effect size is very small in young children, increases substantially during young adulthood, continues higher until middle age, and is then smaller for adults over the age of 60. Gender interacts with birth cohort: The effect size increased over time for women but decreased over time for men. Asians and Asian Americans show a higher effect size, and occupation and education produce higher correlations with self-esteem than income does. The results are most consistent with a social indicator or salience model.

Association between socioeconomic status and cognitive functioning among older adults in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Aseye Nutakor ◽  
Baozhen Dai ◽  
Jianzai Zhou ◽  
Ebenezer Larnyo ◽  
Alexander Kwame Gavu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Functioning

scholarly journals Social Isolation as a Mechanism Linking Sensory Impairment With Cognitive Functioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 617-617
Author(s):  
Jeremy Yorgason ◽  
Corinna Trujillo Tanner ◽  
Stephanie Richardson ◽  
Allison Burch ◽  
Brian Stagg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
Sensory Impairments

Abstract Hearing and vision loss have been linked with cognitive decline in older adults. There may be various pathways through which sensory impairments impact cognitive functioning. Sensory impairments may lead individuals to be less socially connected, which may impact cognitive functioning due to less cognitive stimulation. As such, sensory impairments and social isolation may cascade to negatively impact cognitive functioning. Using data from 8,334 individuals aged 65-90+ in waves 6, 7, and 8 of the NHATS study, we estimated a longitudinal mediation structural equation model. Findings indicate that both self-reported vision and hearing impairment in wave 6 of NHATS were linked to concurrent cognitive functioning through social isolation. Only hearing impairment demonstrated longitudinal impact through social isolation across 2 and 3 waves. Findings suggest that medical professionals working with older adults with vision or hearing impairment should assess social isolation, as a point of intervention to maintain cognitive function.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status, achieving occupational aspirations and sickness absence: A population based longitudinal study of Norwegian youths

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cay Gjerustad ◽  
Tilmann Von Soest
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Occupational Aspirations ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Occupational Achievement ◽  
Degree Of Convergence ◽  
The Relationship

<span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT;"><p align="left"> This paper examines whether the degree of convergence between occupational aspirations and actual occupational achievement can elucidate the relationship between socioeconomic status and sickness absence. The analyses draw on survey data from a longitudinal study following 1,552 respondents from adolescence through young adulthood linked to register data on sickness absence. Occupational aspirations in adolescence were contrasted with actual occupational achievement in young adulthood and used to predict sickness absence. In accordance with existing research, socioeconomic status significantly predicted sickness absence, even after controlling for several relevant variables. Including aspiration achievement in the analysis reduced the relationship between socioeconomic status and sickness absence, while aspiration achievement was significantly related to sickness absence. The findings indicate that aspiration achievement mediates the relationship between socioeconomic status and sickness absence</p></span></span>

Ego Functioning in Old Age: Early Adult Life Antecedents

1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Kuypers
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Early Adult Life ◽  
Intellectual Capacity ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Behavior

Do aspects of intelligence, health, socioeconomic status, personality, and family relations in young adulthood relate to adaptability in old age? Correlations are reported between three alternative measures of old age adaptability (coping, defense, and disorganization) and measures in five areas of status and behavior in young adulthood (representing a 40 year longitudinal analysis). Coping ability in old age is most associated with variations in intellectual capacity and socioeconomic status, especially for women. Ego disorganization in old age is most related to variations in socioeconomic status and family relations in young adulthood. The data suggest that adaptability in old age is associated with environments and behaviors early along the adult life course but that the strength of over-time connection varies according to the sex of the subject, the model of old age adaptability used, and the aspects of status and behavior considered in young adulthood.

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