Quantifying contributions of slaking and mechanical breakdown of soil aggregates to splash erosion for different soils from the Loess plateau of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Xiao ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Zheng Fenli ◽  
Xunchang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Mechanical Breakdown ◽  
Different Soils

scholarly journals Earthworm Burrowing Activity and Its Effects on Soil Hydraulic Properties under Different Soil Moisture Conditions from the Loess Plateau, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9303
Author(s):  
Shuhai Wen ◽  
Ming’an Shao ◽  
Jiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Burrowing Activity ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

Earthworm activity has become more important in the Loess Plateau, where hydrological processes are crucial for ecosystem sustainability. In this study, we conducted a laboratory microcosm experiment to determine the various burrowing activities of Eisenia fetida and their impact on the soil hydraulic properties in response to different levels of soil moisture (50%, 70%, 90% of field capacity) in two common soil types (loessial and Lou soil) obtained from the Loess Plateau. Burrowing activity of E. fetida increased with higher soil moisture and was greater in loessial than in Lou soil. Most burrowing activities occurred within the top 5 cm and decreased with increasing soil depth. Macropores and burrow branching, which are highly related to the earthworm burrowing, were more prevalent in wetter soil. Earthworms significantly altered the formation of large soil aggregates (AGL, diameter >2 mm) under different soil moistures and depths. Distinct earthworm burrowing activities, controlled by soil moisture, altered soil hydraulic properties. However, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) showed little differences between different treatments due to the horizontal and high–branched burrows of E. fetida, although higher burrowing activities were found in wetter soil. Soil field capacity was highest in drier soil due to the less macropores and burrowing activities.

Effect of vegetation type on microstructure of soil aggregates on the Loess Plateau, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zhao ◽  
Mingxiang Xu ◽  
Guobin Liu ◽  
Luyang Ma ◽  
Shengmin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
The Loess Plateau

scholarly journals Effects of Vegetation Restoration on the Distribution of Nutrients, Glomalin-Related Soil Protein, and Enzyme Activity in Soil Aggregates on the Loess Plateau, China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Qiao ◽  
Yuanze Li ◽  
Yahui Song ◽  
Jiaying Zhai ◽  
Yang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Ecological Stoichiometry ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Vegetation Restoration ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Soil Protein

Research Highlights: Soil enzymes have a significant impact on the production of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), directly and indirectly affecting the nutrient metabolism balance, but there is little available information on ecological stoichiometry in soil aggregates. Background and Objectives: Vegetation restoration changes community structure and species composition in ecosystems, thus changing the physicochemical properties of soil. Soil aggregate is the most basic physical structure of the soil. Therefore, in order to understand dynamic changes in soil aggregate nutrients as vegetation restoration progresses, we set out to investigate the nutrient distribution and utilization in aggregates, and how enzymes respond to the nutrient changes in achieving a nutritional balance along successive stages of vegetation restoration. Materials and Methods: We collected and analyzed soil from plots representing six different stages of a vegetation restoration chronosequence (0, 30, 60, 100, 130, and 160 years) after farmland abandonment on the Loess Plateau, China. We investigated soil nutrient stoichiometry, GRSP, and enzyme stoichiometry in the different successional stages. Results: The results revealed that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, enzyme activity, and GRSP increased with vegetation recovery age, but not total phosphorus, and not all enzymes reached their maximum in the climax forest community. The easily extractable GRSP/total GRSP ratio was the largest at the shrub community stage, indicating that glomalin degradation was the lowest at this stage. Ecological stoichiometry revealed N-limitation decreased and P-limitation increased with increasing vegetation restoration age. Soil enzymes had a significant impact on the GRSP production, directly and indirectly affecting nutrient metabolism balance. Conclusions: Further study of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to identify changes in their category and composition is needed for a better understanding of how soil enzymes affect their release of GRSP, in order to maintain a nutrient balance along successive stages of vegetation restoration.

Sorption of Pb (II) onto <1 μm effective diameter clay minerals extracted from different soils of the Loess Plateau, China

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 1058-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianqiang Yin ◽  
Lin Yu ◽  
Xiuhua Luo ◽  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Huimin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Effective Diameter ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Different Soils

scholarly journals Effects of Different Land-Use Systems on Soil Aggregates: A Case Study of the Loess Plateau (Northern China)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahmir Kalhoro ◽  
Xuexuan Xu ◽  
Wenyuan Chen ◽  
Rui Hua ◽  
Sajjad Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Northern China ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Land Use Systems

scholarly journals Research on Anti-Scourability of Slope Eroded Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Xin Chun ◽  
Kang Yongde ◽  
Chen Hong Na ◽  
Lu Hui
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
R Value ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
D Value

Purpose - Soil aggregates are of great significance to soil and water conservation and ecological environment construction in arid area of northwest district．Methods - Exploring the effects of different vegetation includes types and land use methods on the stability of soil aggregates in the Loess Plateau, and provide reference for the rational use and management of land, also the improvement of soil structure in the region. Select 9 types of samples of 0-30 cm of typical soil plots as the research objects, compare and analyze the particle size index, stability differences and anti-erodibility of soil aggregates under various vegetation cover. Results - The results show that P value, MWD value, GMD value, D value, and AI value of the 0-10cm surface soil all show the maximum value. As the depth increases, the size distribution of the above index values of each soil sample in the 10-20cm and 20-30cm layers is different; P value in the 0-30cm depth layer is linearly positively correlated with the AI value and MWD value, and linearly negatively correlated with the D value. The correlation coefficient R between each variable is in the range of 0.78-0.97, and the D value reflects the Loess Plateau area stability and erosion resistance of soil aggregates better. GMD and MWD value show an exponential relationship, the correlation coefficient R value of 10-20cm height layer is 0.46; AI and MWD value in 0-10cm, 20-30cm height layer have a power function relationship, 10-20cm height layer has a polynomial function, the correlation coefficient R value is 0.97. The scour coefficient of different soil samples has a high degree of dispersion, the maximum CV value is 1.92, and the minimum value is 0.49. Conclusions - The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the ecological and hydrological benefit evaluation of slope erosion control and vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau.

scholarly journals Effect of long-term  fertilizer type with film mulching on maize yield, soil aggregation and bacteria on the Loess Plateau  of China           

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
pengfei Dang ◽  
Tiantian Huang ◽  
Chen Lu ◽  
Yüze Li ◽  
Miaomiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Soil Bacterial Community ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Negative Links

Both PU and PC increased maize yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and partial factor productivity from applied N (PFPN), relative to CK. PC increased maize yield more than PU, and had higher soil organic carbon (SOC) content than PU, which was mainly due to the decline in SOC stocks in the 250–2000, 53–250, and <53 μm soil aggregates. The soil bacterial community structure was driven by SOC, C: N ratio, total nitrogen (TN), pH, microaggregates, clay and silt in CK, and by larger macroaggregates and mean weight diameter in PC and PU. Both PC and PU significantly changed soil bacterial community beta diversity, and decreased both positive and negative links of the co-occurrence network, relative to CK. Better soil nutrient conditions in PC explained the small number of positive and negative links between soil bacteria. Our results suggest PM improves maize yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency, and soil aggregate stability while alleviating bacterial competition. However, the reduction of SOC and pH caused by PM still needs our attention. PC alleviates the decline of soil fertility and soil acidification and has higher yield relative to PU. Therefore, we proposed PC is a potential agricultural measure that can replace PU on the Loess Plateau.

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