Toxicity evaluation of particles formed during 3D-printing: cytotoxic, genotoxic, and inflammatory response in lung and macrophage models

Toxicology ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 153100
Author(s):  
N.V. Srikanth Vallabani ◽  
Andi Alijagic ◽  
Alexander Persson ◽  
Inger Odnevall ◽  
Eva Särndahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation

scholarly journals Sniffer Worm, C. elegans, as a Toxicity Evaluation Model Organism with Sensing and Locomotion Abilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Sung Kim ◽  
Sang-Kyu Park ◽  
Haeshin Lee
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Active System ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Toxicity Sources ◽  
Local Defects

Abstract The probability of objects fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) printing exhibiting local defects is higher than that detected in products of conventional casting-based manufacturing. Multistep layer-by-layer procedures in additive manufacturing are the main reason. Light intensity and/or penetration depth, inhomogeneity of components, and variations in nozzle temperature are factors that create local defects. Defect regions are sources of toxic component release, but methods to identify them in printed materials have not been reported. Existing assays for evaluating material toxicity are based on extraction, and these toxicological assays use living creatures to passively detect harmful agents in extracted solutions. Thus, the development of an active system for identifying sites of toxicity sources is a critical and urgent issue in 3D printing technologies. Herein, we introduce an animal model system, C. elegans, for toxicity evaluation. C. elegans crawls toward safe regions but avoids toxically dangerous areas. The ‘sensing’ and ‘locomotion’ abilities of C. elegans are unparalleled among existing underwater and animal models, providing immediate indications to help find toxicity source sites.

Gut permeabillity and nitric oxide: Evidence for an endotoxin mediated inflammatory response in severe acute pancreatitis

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A468-A469
Author(s):  
S RAHMAN ◽  
B AMMORI ◽  
I MARTIN ◽  
G BARCLAY ◽  
M LARVIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Severe Acute Pancreatitis

ERK and PKCξ independently contribute to the EPEC-induced inflammatory response

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A126-A126
Author(s):  
S SAVKOVIC ◽  
Z KAPADIA ◽  
A KOUTSOURIS ◽  
G HECHT
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response

Sorghum Fermented by Aspergillus oryzae NK Enhances Inhibition of Vascular Inflammation in TNF-α-stimulated Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
Hae Seong Song ◽  
Jung-Eun Kwon ◽  
Hyun Jin Baek ◽  
Chang Won Kim ◽  
Hyelin Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2

Abstract. Sorghum bicolor L. Moench is widely grown all over the world for food and feed. The effects of sorghum extracts on general inflammation have been previously studied, but its anti-vascular inflammatory effects are unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the anti-vascular inflammation effects of sorghum extract (SBE) and fermented extract of sorghum (fSBE) on human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). After the cytotoxicity test of the sorghum extract, a series of experiments were conducted. The inhibition effects of SBE and fSBE on the inflammatory response and adhesion molecule expression were measured using treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a crucial promoter for the development of atherosclerotic lesions, on HASMCs. After TNF-α (10 ng/mL) treatment for 2 h, then SBE and fSBE (100 and 200 μg/mL) were applied for 12h. Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) (2.4-fold) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (6.7-fold) decreased, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) (3.5-fold) increased compared to the TNF-α control when treated with 200 μg/mL fSBE (P<0.05). In addition, the fSBE significantly increased the expression of HO-1 and significantly decreased the expression of VCAM-1 and COX-2 compared to the TNF-α control in mRNA level (P<0.05). These reasons of results might be due to the increased concentrations of procyanidin B1 (about 6-fold) and C1 (about 30-fold) produced through fermentation with Aspergillus oryzae NK for 48 h, at 37 °C. Overall, the results demonstrated that fSBE enhanced the inhibition of the inflammatory response and adherent molecule expression in HASMCs.

Michael Pawlyn: Push the limits of 3D printing

Nature ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 494 (7436) ◽  
pp. 174-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pawlyn
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing

High-resolution 3D printing in seconds

Nature ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 588 (7839) ◽  
pp. 594-595
Author(s):  
Cameron Darkes-Burkey ◽  
Robert F. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
3D Printing
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