Molecular detection and genetic characterization of Babesia, Theileria and Anaplasma amongst apparently healthy sheep and goats in the central region of Turkey

SUMMARYThe development of simple, sensitive and rapid methods for the detection and identification ofToxoplasma gondiiis important for the diagnosis and epidemiological studies of the zoonotic disease toxoplasmosis. In the past 2 decades, molecular methods based on a variety of genetic markers have been developed, each with its advantages and limitations. The application of these methods has generated invaluable information to enhance our understanding of the epidemiology, population genetics and phylogeny ofT. gondii. However, since most studies focused solely on the detection but not genetic characterization ofT. gondii, the information obtained was limited. In this review, we discuss some widely used molecular methods and propose an integrated approach for the detection and identification ofT. gondii, in order to generate maximum information for epidemiological, population and phylogenetic studies of this key pathogen.

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Genetic characterization of a Neisseria meningitidis cluster in Queensland, Australia

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/cjm-2017-0017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (7) ◽

pp. 644-647

Author(s):

N.R. Abady ◽

C.J.D. Guglielmino ◽

R.M. Graham ◽

J. Adelskov ◽

H.V. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neisseria Meningitidis ◽

Meningococcal Disease ◽

Core Genome ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Genomic Analysis ◽

Rural Region ◽

Disease Cluster ◽

Sporadic Disease

Neisseria meningitidis serogroups B and C have been responsible for the majority of invasive meningococcal disease in Australia, with serogroup B strains causing an increasing proportion of cases in recent years. Serogroup Y has typically caused sporadic disease in Australia. In 2002, a cluster of 4 cases was reported from a rural region in Queensland. Three of these cases were serogroup C, with 1 case diagnosed by molecular detection only, and the fourth case was identified as a serogroup Y infection. Genomic analysis, including antigen finetyping, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and core genome MLST, demonstrated that the serogroup Y case, though spatially and temporally linked to a serogroup C disease cluster, was not the product of a capsule switch and that one of the serogroup C isolates had a deletion of the entire porA sequence.

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Ecological, morphological and genetic characterization of sympatric Haemonchus spp. parasites of domestic ruminants in Mauritania

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000064829 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 110 (4) ◽

pp. 483-492 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

P. Jacquiet ◽

J. F. Humbert ◽

A. M. Comes ◽

J. Cabaret ◽

A. Thiam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rainy Season ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Intraspecific Variability ◽

Species Traits ◽

The Other ◽

Survival Strategies ◽

Zebu Cattle ◽

Sheep And Goats

SUMMARYThe 4 species of ruminants (dromedary, zebu cattle, sheep and goat) in arid areas of Mauritania harboured Haemonchus spp. as the most frequent internal parasite. This was a rare situation where the 3 putative species, H. longistipes (dromedary), H. placet (zebu cattle) and H. contortus (sheep and goat) occurred sympatrically. The study was undertaken on hosts slaughtered at the Nouakchott abattoir, on the basis of monthly collection of worms. The environment was very unfavourable to H. placei and unfavourable to H. contortus, as intensity of infection remained low throughout the year, whereas infection in the dromedary was 10 to 20-fold higher. The survival strategies during the long, dry season were different: the surviving stages were either 4th-stage larvae in digesta (dromedaries), 4th-stage larvae either in digesta or mucosae (cattle), or 4th-stage larvae in mucosae and few adults (sheep and goats). The prolificacy of female worms, indicative of the potential to contaminate pastures, was similar for all Haemonchus spp. in the rainy season. H. longistipes behave differently during the pre-rainy season as no increase of prolificacy could be demonstrated as observed in the other species. Traits of vulvar morphology are considered as markers of ecological adaptation and were studied. The knobbed and smooth female morphs (in equal proportions) were the most frequent in H. longistipes, the knobbed morph out-numbered the other morphs in H. placei, and all 3 morphs were present in sheep and goats with the linguiform form being predominant. Genetic characterization of the 3 species was performed by means of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Three groups were obtained from analysis of these data: 1 group with individuals of H. contortus, 1 group with individuals of H. placei, and 1 group with individuals of H. longistipes. This indicated that, although the 3 species were valid, H. contortus and H. placei were more similar. Intraspecific variability was 2-fold higher in H. contortus than in the 2 other species. The ecological, morphological and genetical studies showed that H. longistipes, H. placei and H. contortus could be arranged in increasing order of variability.

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Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of ovine herpesvirus-2 in sheep and goats of Al-Qadisiyah Province

BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE ◽

10.15547/bjvm.2019-0017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 424-431

Author(s):

I. Khudhair ◽

S. Al-Husseiny ◽

A. Jawad

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Protein Gene ◽

Nasal Discharge ◽

Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Phylogenetic Methods ◽

Multiple Alignments ◽

Healthy Sheep ◽

Polymerase Chain

This study aimed to identify ovine herpesvirus 2 (OHV-2) infections in sheep and goats in Al-Qadisiyah Province of Iraq, using molecular and phylogenetic methods. Nasal discharge swabs were collected from 60 sheep and 60 goats from 3 different animal sale bars. The samples were subjected to semi-nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and phylogenetic tests involving OHV-2 tegument protein gene (OHV-2T). The results of the semi-nested PCR showed the presence of OHV-2 in all 60 (100%) sheep and 52 (86.6%) goats. The samples from both sheep and goats were sent for partial-gene-based sequencing to confirm the PCR results. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted and 6 PCR amplicons (10%) of positive samples from each goat and sheep were submitted for sequencing. The sequence results were reassembled and deposited in the NCBI-GenBank database under the accession numbers of MF004402.1 for sheep and MG875327.1 and MG875328.1 for goats. Multiple alignments of sequences showed close identities with some global isolates of this virus. This study not only reports new sequences from the local OHV-2 isolates that have been deposited in the NCBI GenBank, but also provides important data about the presence and shedding of OHV-2 in the nasal discharge of healthy sheep and goats, and suggests OHV-2 as the major cause of malignant catarrhal fever in cattle.

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